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DISASTER PLANNING: DISASTER PLANNING: Do it Before Disaster StrikesDo it Before Disaster StrikesDISASTER PLANNING: DISASTER PLANNING:
Do it Before Disaster StrikesDo it Before Disaster Strikes
Community Issues Satellite
Workshops
Department of Commerce & Economic Opportunity
Surviving the DisasterSurviving the Disaster
Time periods24 hours for local disaster
48 hours for regional disaster
72 hours for statewidecatastrophic disaster
Surviving the DisasterSurviving the Disaster
Challenge for local elected officialsDisaster represents a non-traditional
situationPlan must result from collective efforts
of many Consensus document
What is a Disaster What is a Disaster Plan?Plan?
Comprehensive plan is basis for disaster operations
Provides positive step to resolve problem and manage crisis
Without plan - public’s perception is negative
What is a Disaster What is a Disaster Plan?Plan?
What is a Disaster What is a Disaster Plan?Plan?
With leadership - public’s perception is positive
Especially when supported with pre-planning
Overview of Disaster Overview of Disaster PlanPlan
Written documentRoadmap for who does whatEstablishes interrelationshipsEstablishes disaster “Chain-of-
Command”
Organizational Organizational InterrelationshipsInterrelationships
Emergency operations plan developed by implementing organizations
Must reflect reality of emergency operational procedures of participating organizations
A plan developed “In a vacuum” without implementing organizations is no plan
Intergovernmental Intergovernmental RelationshipRelationship
Disasters are local responsibilities Handled first at the local level
Local governments must be in position that “effective & timely” disaster response & recovery operations are impossible without outside assistance
State and Federal designations
FacilitiesFacilities
Emergency Operations Center (EOC)Incident Command System (ICS)
Most public safety officials are accustomed to the ICS environment without the EOC
ICS/EOC interface
Mechanism by which disasters are managed
Planning ProcessPlanning Process
Assumptions:Plans based on maximum credible event
Plans consider every possible resource (publicly or privately-held)
Process begins with a “committee of responders”
Planning ProcessPlanning Process
Hazards analysisRisk assessmentResource identificationCapability assessment
Planning ProcessPlanning Process
Hazards analysis: first step in the processDistinguish EVENT from its CONSEQUENCES–Event identification: the “trigger” mechanism to
consequences
Planning ProcessPlanning Process
Event analysis How probable is the hazard?
Consequence analysis How great is the impact on public health and safety?
Planning ProcessPlanning Process
Risk AssessmentCombination of – Hazard event identification– Consequences analysis– Probability analysis
Planning ProcessPlanning ProcessRisk Assessment examples:
Low probability & High consequence–Nuclear/Biological terrorism
High probability & Medium consequence–Flood in unprotected floodplain
High probability & Low consequence–Flood in protected floodplain
Planning ProcessPlanning ProcessResource identification
Exhaustive
Includes privately-held resourceCompiled resource directory
Revised annually
Distributed to EOC participants for reference during EOC activation
Planning ProcessPlanning ProcessLinked to identified consequencesResources are identified & committed
through EOC - not the ICSICS relies on EOC for the resource
Whatever you HAVE as a capability can serve you today
Whatever you LACK as a capability must be developed
Planning ProcessPlanning Process
Capability assessmentA measure of the Emergency Management Organization’s disaster readiness–Capability to respond to events identified in
the hazards analysis– Identifies capability shortfalls
Developing an Developing an Emergency Emergency
Management Management OrganizationOrganization“Capability enhancement”:
developing the human and material resourcesCommunications
EOC radio communications
Amateur radio operatorsVolunteer resources
Recruit volunteers …train them ...then use them!
Developing an Developing an Emergency Emergency
Management Management OrganizationOrganizationResource Management
Facilities/Supplies/Equipment/ Personnel
Respect the limitations of resources:–Be prepared to prioritize them!
Planning Planning Elements/StandardsElements/Standards
Human resources must be managed in a disaster
Assumption: No one is expected to perform a task for which they are unprepared or unfamiliar
Planning Planning Elements/StandardsElements/Standards
Federal standardsSLG101: Prescribes guidance for State and Local Emergency Operations Plans (EOPs)
NRT1/NRT1-a: Prescribes requirements for Local Emergency Planning Committees (LEPCs) for hazardous materials emergency plans under Title III of SARA
Planning Planning Elements/StandardsElements/Standards
State standards: IEMA proposed 101 standards for comprehensive local EOPs
Administrative Rule
All plans reviewed and approved by IEMA Regional Coordinator
Planning Planning Elements/StandardsElements/Standards
Local decisionsImplementing state and federal standards–Separate regulations for hazardous materials -
but planning is done in same manner as for any other hazard
Organization of an Organization of an Emergency Operations PlanEmergency Operations Plan
Basic SectionPolicy
Organizational interrelationships
General organizational responsibilities
Organization of an Organization of an Emergency Operations Emergency Operations
PlanPlanFunctional Annexes
More detailed responsibility listings for operating agencies
Grouped by functional area
Includes “before, during andafter” checklists
Logan County Logan County ExperienceExperience
Established a unified standard for an LEPC/EM Emergency Operations Plan
Combines elements of –County Emergency Operations Plan–Federally required Local Emergency Planning
Committee (LEPC) hazardous materials plan
Logan County Logan County ExperienceExperience
Developed in cooperation with the IEMA Regional Coordinator
Subcommittees for police, fire, EMS & other functional groups for review and concurrence prior to county approval
Planning assistance available by contacting your Regional Coordinator
ExercisingExercising
Best way to test a plan before a disasterTraining available: Exercise Design
course to assist Emergency Management in developing a scenario and role-playing
Exercise TypesExercise TypesEOC Tabletop
Policy and strategic operations Field Exercise
ICS and tactical operationsFull scale exercise
Integration of policy & strategic operations at the EOC with the ICS & tactical operations in the field
Bringing it all togetherBringing it all together
Emergencies test a Government’s leadership & management skills unlike anything else
Disasters are painful reminders of rapid response required from federal, state, & local governments
Bringing it all togetherBringing it all together
Unless a comprehensive planning effort has been undertaken, Government officials must become instant experts in emergency management when they are affected by disasters.
Bringing It All TogetherBringing It All TogetherStrategies for implementing
comprehensive emergency management“I can do that!”
Failing to plan is planning for failureA good, comprehensive plan provides:
Direction Control Understanding
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