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DISASTER DISASTER PREPAREDNESS PREPAREDNESS
IN ECHOIN ECHO
MadagascarMadagascarJanuary 2008January 2008
ECHO MANDATEECHO MANDATE
Humanitarian Aid regulation 1257/96 adopted in Humanitarian Aid regulation 1257/96 adopted in 19961996
Save and preserve lifeSave and preserve life during emergencies and during emergencies and their immediate aftermath, being man-made crisis or their immediate aftermath, being man-made crisis or natural disasters - natural disasters - article 2(a)article 2(a)
To carry out To carry out short term rehabilitationshort term rehabilitation and and reconstruction work, to help those affected regain a reconstruction work, to help those affected regain a minimum levelminimum level of of self-sufficiencyself-sufficiency, taking long , taking long term development objectives into account where term development objectives into account where possible – possible – article 2 (d)article 2 (d)
To ensure To ensure preparedness for risks of natural preparedness for risks of natural disastersdisasters and use a suitable rapid and use a suitable rapid early-warningearly-warning and intervention system – and intervention system – article 2 (f)article 2 (f)
Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR): To minimize vulnerabilities and disaster risks, to avoid (prevention) or to limit (mitigation and preparedness) the adverse impacts of hazards.
DG ECHO core mandate
DG ECHO core mandate
Part 1Part 1
MAIN CONCEPTS MAIN CONCEPTS
in in
Disaster Risk Disaster Risk Reduction Reduction
PREPARACIONCapacidad de respuesta(COPING CAPACITY)
MITIGACIONVulnerabilidad F ísica
Vulnerabilidad contextual PREVENCIONAMENAZA
Los componentes de la gesti ó n del
riesgoLos componentes del DESASTRE
PREPAREDNESS Coping Capacities
MITIGATIONPhysical Vulnerability
Contextual Vulnerability PREVENTIONHAZARD
Risk managementcomponentsDisaster components
Cc
VcVpHsRisk
PREPAREDNESSPREPAREDNESSReinforcement of capacity to respond by the local actors before the external aid arrives.
•Training : search and rescue teams, provision of material and equipment, organisation of simulation exercises, …
•Awareness campaigns with the population (i.e: at schools) to recognise disaster risks & necessary measures.
•Early warning systems (collection of hydrometric data, communication systems, awareness signs, etc…).
•Technical surveys (mapping of villages/risks/existing structures,…). •Institutional building : reinforce regional information sharing and coordination between different actors
MITIGATIONMITIGATIONTo limit/minimise the averse impact of natural, environmental, technological hazards by reducing the physical vulnerability of the existing sites / infrastructures :
•Small scale pilot projects and easy to replicate models: costal reforestation, construction of protection walls along water streams, building of elevated platforms for key village assets (i.e: water points) to face flooding, reinforcement of bridges to allow quick evacuation of people, …
•Support to creation of infrastructures for emergency intervention: community shelters, water reservoirs, …
PREVENTIONPREVENTION
Improvement of decision making and reduction of vulnerabilities at a more global level. Includes: • planning (i.e site planning)
• legal measures (i.e : construction codes)
• infrastructure works (i.e: dams, retrofitting,…), etc.
Part 2Part 2
ECHO’S POSITIONECHO’S POSITION
DISASTER PREPAREDNESSDISASTER PREPAREDNESS IN ECHO IN ECHO
Three pillars at the level of vulnerable Three pillars at the level of vulnerable
populations:populations:
1.1. Disaster preparedness programme DIPECHO Disaster preparedness programme DIPECHO
2.2. Working with EC Delegation, Advocacy Working with EC Delegation, Advocacy towards other Commission services and outsidetowards other Commission services and outside
3.3. Integration of disaster preparedness elements Integration of disaster preparedness elements in ECHO´s main activitiesin ECHO´s main activities integration of integration of DP component in relief operations DP component in relief operations (as done (as done for response to cyclones in 2007 in for response to cyclones in 2007 in Madagascar)Madagascar)
1. DIPECHO1. DIPECHO PROGRAMMEPROGRAMME
Created in 1996 in the context of the UN International Created in 1996 in the context of the UN International Decade for prevention of natural disasters. Decade for prevention of natural disasters.
DIPECHO global DIPECHO global Budget 2007 = € Budget 2007 = € 19.5 M19.5 M (8M in 1998). (8M in 1998). Focus on Focus on preparednesspreparedness and and small-scale mitigationsmall-scale mitigation
work: “work: “Community-based approachCommunity-based approach” is central to the ” is central to the strategy but also contributes to regional/international DR strategy but also contributes to regional/international DR promotion.promotion.
DIPECHO covers DIPECHO covers 66 regions up to now,regions up to now, considered more considered more vulnerable to natural disasters: Andean Community, vulnerable to natural disasters: Andean Community, Caribbean, Central America, Central Asia, South and Caribbean, Central America, Central Asia, South and South East AsiaSouth East Asia
Bi-annual programme Bi-annual programme by region whenever applicable by region whenever applicable in 2007: Andean Community, Caribbean, Central America in 2007: Andean Community, Caribbean, Central America and South Asia. Regions targeted for 2008: South East and South Asia. Regions targeted for 2008: South East Asia, Central America, SE Africa and SW Indian OceanAsia, Central America, SE Africa and SW Indian Ocean
Central AsiaFloods,
Droughts,Earthquakes,
Landslides
Andean communityFloods,
Volcanoes,“El Niño”,
Tsunamis,Landslides
CarribbeanFloods,
Hurricanes,Earthquakes,Volcanoes,
South East AsiaFloods,
HurricanesDroughts,
Earthquakes,Hazes
Tsunami
Central AmericaFloods,
Hurricanes,Droughts,
Volcanoes,Earthquakes,Landslides
South AsiaFloods,
Hurricanes,Tornado,Droughts,
Earthquakes,Tsunami
Regions targeted by ECHO’s disaster preparedness programme, and the major risks they face
DIPECHO Action Plan DIPECHO Action Plan Process Process
Consultation with other EC services and Delegations
Submission of proposal and selection
Guidelines
National/Regional Consultative meetings
(NCM)
Decision with HAC
consultation
Project duration: 15 months
Two yearprocess
Characteristics of ECHO’s funding to Characteristics of ECHO’s funding to disaster preparedness disaster preparedness
• Focus on the most vulnerable groups in high-risk Focus on the most vulnerable groups in high-risk countriescountries
• Short-term, community-based and people-centred Short-term, community-based and people-centred preparedness preparedness
• Create awareness, provide trainings and build local Create awareness, provide trainings and build local capacitiescapacities
• Very concrete, very practical - strong local ownership Very concrete, very practical - strong local ownership • Support to national and regional coordinationSupport to national and regional coordination
ECHO projects are designed as PILOT strategies for their region. Their impact is multiplied when the strategies are systematically integrated into long term development planning and projects
2. ADVOCACY2. ADVOCACY
EU member states, EC services, other EU member states, EC services, other bilateral donorsbilateral donors
UN ISDR, other UN organisationsUN ISDR, other UN organisations International Financial InstitutionsInternational Financial Institutions National authorities and local National authorities and local
authoritiesauthorities IFRC and national RC societiesIFRC and national RC societies NGO partnersNGO partners
Complimentarity with other Commission services
PREVENTION
MITIGATION
PREPAREDNESS
DEV / RELEXet al
ECHO
Longer term instruments of the Longer term instruments of the EC, including RELEX / DEV / EC, including RELEX / DEV /
AIDCOAIDCOare better placed to work withare better placed to work with ::
• National and regional National and regional programmesprogrammes
• Programmes of institutional Programmes of institutional naturenature
• Medium & long term Medium & long term programmesprogrammes
• Prevention and large scalePrevention and large scale mitigation programmesmitigation programmes
Working in close relationship with EC Working in close relationship with EC Delegations, DG ECHO give a specific Delegations, DG ECHO give a specific emphasis to the following project emphasis to the following project strategies:strategies:
Community - based approaches.Community - based approaches. Co-operation with local actors.Co-operation with local actors. Remote and vulnerable populations not Remote and vulnerable populations not
necessarily considered a priority for other necessarily considered a priority for other stakeholders. stakeholders.
Post crisis contexts where the population is Post crisis contexts where the population is more receptive to risk reduction measures.more receptive to risk reduction measures.
Complimentarity with other Commission services
3. Mainstreaming3. Mainstreaming
Preparedness reflected in relief responses
Affected and vulnerable groups are often eager to engage
Building back better - do no harm
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