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Major StepsVoland, “Engineering by Design”, 2004
Needs Assessment Problem Formulation Abstraction & Synthesis Analysis & Evaluation Implementation
Avoiding Temptation There are so many “rapid prototyping”
tools currently available: There is a tendency to “build first, think
later” “Hack” until things work Develop in a vacuum (just you and the
machine). Don’t confuse this process with
design! While this approach has a role in the
design process, it is not good design practice by itself.
Needs Assessment
Designs start with an idea for solving a problem At this point, the idea may be good or
bad Realization may be possible or
impossible The idea must be matched against
what the customer wants Who is the customer? Quantifying their
needs/wants/quirks/etc.
Customer Requirements Matching ideas with customers
Helps refine the idea What is necessary v. “nice” What is “nice” worth? “Impossible” increases time and budget…
Research customer requirements Market / Competitor analysis
Once you know what you need… Now you can think about customer
requirements to product specifications.
Needs Assessment& Problem Formulation
Homework #1
Perform Market Research
PerformTechnical Research
HW#1
NeedsAssessment
&Problem
Formulation
Customer Requirements
ProductSpecification
Need / Idea
We Still Haven't Built Anything!
At this point we know what the product must do. We still may not know how to do it.
Need to “brainstorm” solutions Need to evaluate competing
solutions Time/budget/skill/resource
considerations Select that solution which “best” fits
the problem and the team capabilities.
Abstraction & SynthesisHomework #2
ViableOptions
PreferredSolution
Research Prior ArtBrainstorm
ApplyConstraints
HW#2
Abstraction&
Synthesis
Possible Solutions
PerformValue Analysis
Closer to Building Something!
Now we know the major elements: We have specifications for each
element. Might have parts in mind for some
elements. May need research on some elements. We can form an “order of operations” to
realize the design. We still don’t know if our part selections
will work correctly together May need further refinement
(Defining Project Milestones)Homework #3
HW#3
System Block Diagram
Define ProjectMilestones
Detailed Schedule
Now We’re in the Details! It’s now that we need to answer the
question: “how do we build this”? Perform detailed design of elements
Confirm design is within datasheet specifications
Unit test of elements Detailed documentation
Possible redesign Maybe we got something wrong! Adapt/redesign/retest – schedule and
budget!
Analysis & EvaluationHomeworks #4 & 5
Define ProductInterfaces
Define ProductChanges
HW#4
HW#5
1
Analyze
2
Design
3
Build
4
Test
5
Evaluate
Analysis
&
Evaluation
Finally! We now have all the elements of our
product: Designed and tested(!)
Now is the time to integrate the elements into the final product System integration and test
Customer acceptance? The ultimate test!
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