Egg trivia:

Egg trivia:

http://www.incredibleegg.org/egg-facts/trivia

Egg Basics

Chap. 18-3

Why eat Eggs?70 calories & loaded with Nutrition Helps with weight

management muscle strength healthy pregnancy

(choline nutrient) brain function eye health

How eggs are processed:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aYhEbjhhcAg&feature=related

Discovery Channel’s

“How it’s made”

Draw an Egg:

Label each part: Yolk Albumen (egg white) Chalazae Air pocket Shell

Why eat egg yolks…

http://www.eggnutritioncenter.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/Egg-Yolk-Brochure-f.pdf

Before You Eat That Breakfast Sandwich, Read This… ex:What is in McDonald’s eggs?

Pasteurized whole eggs with sodium phosphate (preservative), citric acid and monosodium phosphate (added to preserve color), nisin preparation (preservative). Prepared with liquid margarine: Liquid soybean oil and hydrogenated cottonseed and soybean oils, water, partially hydrogenated soybean oil, salt, soy lecithin, mono-and diglycerides, sodium benzoate and potassium sorbate (preservatives), artificial flavor, citric acid, vitamin A palmitate, beta carotene (color).

Yolk: Fats, Protein & Cholesterol vitamin A, D, E,K and iron, calcium, and phosphorus.

White (albumen):Protein

Healthy adults can enjoy an egg a day without increasing their risk for heart disease, Dietary Guidelines for Americans and the American Heart Association recommend that individuals consume, on average, less than 300 mg of cholesterol per day. A single large egg contains 185 mg cholesterol.

Egg Sizes:

Recipes use size Large eggs

2 eggs whites = 1 large egg.

1 egg = 1 oz of meat serving.

How can you tell if eggs are fresh?

Fresh eggs:

Have small air pocket Sink to bottom of bowl of water. Lay on side. Whites are cloudy.

Older eggs: Have larger air pockets. Will float upright.

****If they float to top of bowl of water, discard.

Fresh eggs are best for:

Frying & poaching

Older eggs are best for:

Baked goods Hard boiled eggs- easier to peel.

Egg Grades

Grades are given to high-quality eggs that have: Clean, unbroken shells Small air cells Egg whites are thick and

clear Egg yolks are firm and

stand high above the whites.

Egg Grades

Three Grades: U.S. Grade AA U.S. Grade A U.S. Grade B

What were grade B eggs used for?

Egg Color and Type

The breed determines color

Types of eggs: Chicken Guinea Duck Geese

Are brown-shelled eggs more nutritious than white-shelled eggs?

Buy Right

Store eggs in their original carton and use them within 3 weeks for best quality.

Buy eggs only if sold from a refrigerator or refrigerated case.

Open the carton and make sure that the eggs are clean and the shells are not cracked.

Refrigerate promptly.

Playing It Safe With Eggs

Salmonella Prevention:Safe Handling Instructions:

To prevent illness from bacteria: keep eggs refrigerated, cook eggs until yolks are firm, and cook foods containing eggs thoroughly.

Keep Everything Clean

Wash hands, utensils, equipment, and work surfaces with hot, soapy water before and after they come in contact with eggs and egg-containing foods

Chill Properly Cooked eggs, including hard-boiled

eggs, and egg-containing foods should not sit out for more than 2 hours. Within 2 hours either reheat or refrigerate.

Use hard-cooked eggs (in the shell or peeled) within 1 week after cooking

Preparing Eggs:

Coagulate: Eggs become firm during cooking.

Use Medium to Low heat when cooking eggs.

Over cooked eggs:

Tough and rubbery

texture turn gray green

Functions of Eggs as Ingredients

Emulsifiers Structure Thickeners Binding Agents Nutrition, Flavor,

Color Foams

Emulsifiers

Emulsion: A mixture that forms when you combine liquids that ordinarily do not mix.Egg yolk: excellent emulsifying agentYolk surrounds the oil droplets in an emulsionKeeps the droplets suspended in the water-

based liquid so the 2 liquids do not separate.Example: mayonnaise

Binding and Interfering Agents Act as binding ingredients

that hold together the ingredients in foods such meatloaf.

Act a interfering agent in foods such as ice cream and sherbet Eggs inhibit formation of large

ice crystals which would ruin the texture of frozen desserts.

Thickeners Heat causes egg proteins to

coagulate (thicken). http://

www.youtube.com/watch?v=ezencQbQrvc Tempering Eggs: when a hot

liquid (usually milk) is carefully streamed into them, bringing the eggs up to a very high temperature without cooking them.

When properly incorporated, eggs have thickening properties that will help bring a custard to the appropriate consistency.

Structure

CREAM PUFFS: Eggs are a leavening agent (makes it puff )

and the yolks add fat for a tender and light texture. Egg proteins add to the structure of the cream puff.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XVElHU245no

Nutrition, Flavor, and Color

Foams

Egg foams are used to add air to foods:Beat air into egg whitesMany air cells formA thin film of egg white protein surrounds each cell.As beating continues, cells become smaller and

more numerousProtein film becomes thinnerResult: the foam thickens

Temperature on foams

Two temperatures needed: Separate eggs when they are cold:

Use egg separatorStore egg yolks

Egg whites reach maximum volume when they are room temperature:Let sit 20 minutes before beating

Factors Affecting Egg Foams

Temperature Beating time Fat Acid Sugar

All affect the formation of egg white foams.

Factors Affecting Egg Foams

Beating: Too little or too much beating causes foam to lose volume and

not hold shape Fat and fat-containing ingredients:

Inhibit formation of egg white foam Acid:

Makes foam more stable and adds whiteness Example: Cream of Tarter

Sugar: Increases the stability of egg white foam Increases beating time: usually added after foam has reached

most of the volume.

Write directions for each type of egg cookery:

Page 478 in text.

Eggs cooked in shell: hard cooked Fried Eggs Poached eggs Scrambled eggs

***Indicate heat settings, equipment, steps

This will be your directions/recipe for Tomorrow’s Lab.

How do you like your eggs?

*Cook Thoroughly*

Cook eggs until both the yolk and the white are firm. Scrambled eggs should not be runny.

Casseroles and other dishes containing eggs should be cooked to 160°F (72°C). Use a food thermometer to be sure.

For recipes that call for eggs that are raw or undercooked when the dish is served—Caesar salad dressing and homemade ice cream are two examples—use either shell eggs that have been treated to destroy Salmonella, by pasteurization or another approved method, or pasteurized egg products.

Serve Safely

Serve cooked eggs and egg-containing foods immediately after cooking.

For buffet-style serving, hot egg dishes should be kept hot, and cold egg dishes kept cold.

Eggs and egg dishes, such as quiches or soufflés, may be refrigerated for serving later but should be thoroughly reheated to 165°F (74°C) before serving.

Chill Properly

Use frozen eggs within one year. Eggs should not be frozen in their shells. To freeze whole eggs, beat yolks and whites together. Egg whites can also be frozen by themselves.

Refrigerate leftover cooked egg dishes and use within 3-4 days. When refrigerating a large amount of a hot egg-containing leftover, divide it into several shallow containers so it will cool quickly.

Nutritional Value of Eggs

MyPyramid: 5-7 ounces equivalent/day of protein one egg counts as 1 ounce

Complete Protein Iron, vitamin A, vitamin D, phosphorus,

calcium, thiamine, and riboflavin Cholesterol: eggs whites are cholesterol free

What could have gone wrong?

Did your water boil too long? Lose moisture needed for steam to raise.

Did you let batter cool slightly before adding eggs?

Did you add eggs one at a time?Beat quickly until shiny?

What did you learn about making cream puffs? Pudding?

3 tips for making the recipe turn out correctly.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vMT_SmS7ik4&feature=related

Complete Cream Puffs

Cut in half horizontally.

Fill with pudding. Sift powdered sugar

over top. Serve on plate.

3 Stages of Egg Foamshttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LVcNDhwwFB8

Foamy Have bubbles and foam on the surface

Soft Peak Form peaks that bend at the tips when you lift the

beater

Stiff Peak Form peaks that stand straight when you lift the

beater

Using Egg Foams

Soft meringues

pie toppings

Hard Meringues

Kiss cookies

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UyM-Fm_j_h0&feature=fvsr angelfoodcake

http://www.foodnetwork.com/videos/altons-lemon-meringue-pie-video/83198.html

Use text complete lime meringue pie recipe.

Using Raw Eggs

Pasteurized shell eggs: Whole eggs that have

been treated using the same heating process used to kill harmful bacteria in milk.

Process does not affect taste or cooking performance of eggs

Use pasteurized egg product

Egg Substitutes

Option for people who want to limit cholesterol and saturated fat in diets.

Egg substitutes are pasteurized Made largely from real egg whites, contain no egg yolks Cholesterol-free, fat-free, lower in calories than whole

eggs. Cost factor: often 3 times more than eggs Use ¼ c. of egg substitute for 1 whole egg or egg yolk

Food Science Principles of Cooking Eggs Coagulate:

To thicken or form a congealed mass.

Proteins are coagulated by heat and can cause a food to thicken

Temperature Use low-moderate temp. when cooking eggs High temps and cooking too long cause egg proteins to lose moisture, shrink, and

toughen.

Time

Addition of other ingredients Changes coagulation temperature because they dilute the proteins found in

eggs. Adding milk allows eggs to coagulate at higher temp. Acid and salt lower coagulation temperature of eggs

Methods of Cooking Eggs

Safety cooked eggs have completely set whites and thickened yolks

Internal temperature 160°F for casseroles, soufflés, and other egg dishes

When Cooking In a Skillet

Pan should be moderately hot before adding the egg

Fat should be added to skillet before heating

Add the eggs and turn heat down to low to cook eggs

Methods of Cooking Eggs

Scrambling Poached Frying Baking Cooking in the shell Microwaving Omelets Soufflés Meringues Custards

References

Playing It Safe With Eggs: Direct from:

http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~dms/fs-eggs.html

http://www.mypetchicken.com/Different_-X13.aspx