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ELEMENTS OF FICTION
Foldable Activity
Foldable Instructions
1. Fold your sheet of cardstock hotdog style.
2. Draw 5 lines horizontally across the paper to
divide it into 6 sections.
3. You should have 6 flaps on your foldable when
finished.
4. Cut along those 5 lines to make flaps that open on
the front side of your foldable.
DO NOT CUT THROUGH THE BACK!!!!
Label your sections in this order:
Setting
Characters
Plot
Conflict
Theme
Point of View
What is a SHORT STORY?
The short story is a work of fiction that is
shorter and more limited than a novel.
It usually focuses on one important event
in the lives of a small number of central
characters.
Short Stories vary in length but are
usually short enough to be read in one
sitting.
SETTING
Time and place of the action that occurs in the story.
Setting Examples
Place
Where the action of the story taking place.
Time
Past/present/future, time of day, year etc.
Weather Conditions
Rainy, sunny, stormy.
Social Conditions
Daily life of character, speech, dress, mannerisms, customs.
Mood & Atmosphere
Feeling of the story, is it bright, cheerful, dark, or frightening.
CHARACTER
A person or animal who takes part in the story
Often given human characteristics
Two Types PROTAGONIST
The main character of the story with
all major events having some
importance to this character.
ANTAGONIST
The opposite of
the main character.
Types of Characters
A character who changes or
grows throughout the story
A character that does not change
in the story
Dynamic Characters Static Characters
PLOT – Sequence of related events in a story
Exposition
The beginning of the story where characters and the setting are revealed.
Rising action
All of the events IN ORDER leading up to the climax
Climax
The highest point of the story, the reader wonders what will happen next . . .
will the conflict be resolved or not.
Falling action
How the climax is resolved
Resolution
Final outcome or untangling of events in the story
How the story ends
Plot Diagram
A plot diagram shows how the main events in a
short story are organized.
CONFLICT – Struggle between 2 opposing forces
A struggle with a force
outside one’s self
Another person, bad
weather, an animal, etc.
A struggle with one’s self
A person must make some
decision, overcome pain,
quiet a temper, resist an
urge.
External Conflict Internal Conflict
4 Types of Conflict
Man vs. Man
Physical - leading
character struggles with his
physical strength against
other men, or animals.
Man vs. Nature
Leading character
struggles against fate, or
circumstances of life
facing him/her, or forces
of nature.
Man vs. Self Psychological - leading
character struggles with their
own ideas of right or wrong,
physical limitations or
choices.
Man vs. Society Character struggles against
what is acceptable to
others in a community or
culture.
The message the author intends to communicate . . . Main idea.
The controlling idea or central insight of the author’s underlying
meaning that he is trying to convey.
EXAMPLE:
Love is Blind
Believe in yourself
People are afraid of change
Don’t judge a book by its cover
THEME
POINT OF VIEW
The vantage point from which the story is told.
1st Person A character tells the story through his/her eyes.
It uses the first person pronoun "I."
3rd Person The narrator is all-knowing . . . they can tell the
reader everything.
The reader is able to see all of the characters' points of view.
It uses the third person pronouns: he, she, they, etc.
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