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38–1 Food and Nutrition
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38–1 Food and Nutrition
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Food and Energy
Food and Energy
You need to eat food to obtain energy.
The energy in food is measured in Calories (capital C). One Calorie is equal to 1000 calories.
One calorie is the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of one gram of water by one degree Celsius.
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38–1 Food and Nutrition
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Food and Energy
Caloric needs vary for each person.
An average-sized female teenager needs about 2200 Calories a day.
An average-sized male teenager needs about 2800 Calories a day.
If you exercise regularly, your energy needs may be higher.
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38–1 Food and Nutrition
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Nutrients
Nutrients
Nutrients are substances in food that supply the energy and raw materials your body uses for growth, repair, and maintenance.
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38–1 Food and Nutrition
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Nutrients in Food
Nutrients supply energy & building blocks
Carbohydrates – sugars, energy source
Proteins – amino acids, various functions
Lipids – glycerol + F.A.’s, cell membranes, Secondary energy source
Vitamins – coenzymes, Ex) A,B,C,D,E,K
Minerals – coenzymes, Ex) Ca,K,Na,Fe,Cl
Water – most important, 2L/day
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38–1 Food and Nutrition
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Balanced Diet
Calorie – unit of food energy, Kcals used
200-4000 calories needed per day
Food Groups – need a variety of each/day
• Bread/Cereal – 7-12 servings/day
• Fruit/Vege – 2-4 spd & 3-5 spd
• Dairy – 2-3 spd
• Meat – 2-3 spd
• Fats/sugar/oils - sparingly
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38–1 Food and Nutrition
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Nutrients
Fat-Soluble Vitamins
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38–1 Food and Nutrition
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Nutrients
Water-Soluble Vitamins
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38–1 Food and Nutrition
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Nutrients
Water-Soluble Vitamins
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38–1 Food and Nutrition
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Nutrients
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38–1 Food and Nutrition
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Nutrients
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38–1 Food and Nutrition
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Nutrition and a Balanced Diet
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38–1
Which nutrient is found in fruits, sugars, and whole-grain breads?
a. protein
b. fat
c. carbohydrates
d. vitamins
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38–1
Organic molecules that help regulate body processes and often work with enzymes are
a. fats.
b. minerals.
c. vitamins.
d. amino acids.
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38–1
Which two vitamins can be made by the body?
a. vitamins a and B
b. vitamins C and D
c. vitamins A and K
d. vitamins D and K
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38–1
The most important nutrient is
a. fat
b. water
c. vitamins
d. protein.
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38–1
The foods that should make up the largest part of your diet are
a. fats and sweets.
b. meat, poultry, and fish
c. milk, yogurt, and cheese.
d. breads, cereals, rice, and pasta.
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