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8/13/2019 Endagerd Animals Std 5 to 8 Std
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ANKITH MENON
ANK IT BHANGE
SHIRISH BANDSODE
SIDDHESH PATIL
SHUBHAM NIMKAR
SRI SAI KALYAN
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An endangered species is a population of an organismwhich is at risk of becoming extinctbecause it is either
few in numbers, or threatened by changing environmentalor predation parameters. An endangered species isusually a taxonomic species, but may be anotherevolutionary significant unit. The World ConservationUnion(IPCN) has calculated the percentage ofendangered species as 40 percent of all organisms basedon the sample of species that have been evaluatedthrough 2006. Many nations have lawsofferingprotection to these species: for example, forbidding
hunting, restricting land development or creatingpreserves. Only a few of the many species at risk ofextinction actually make it to the lists and obtain legalprotection. Many more species become extinct, or
potentially will become extinct, without gaining publicnotice.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extincthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolutionary_significant_unithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Conservation_Unionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Conservation_Unionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lawhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huntinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lawhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lawhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huntinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lawhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Conservation_Unionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Conservation_Unionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolutionary_significant_unithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extinct8/13/2019 Endagerd Animals Std 5 to 8 Std
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EXTIN TIN TIONIn Biology and ecology, extinction is the cessation of existence of a
speciesor group of taxa. The moment of extinction is generally
considered to be the death of the last individual of that species(although the capacity to breed and recovermay have been lost
before this point). Because a species' potential rangemay be very
large, determining this moment is difficult, and is usually done
retrospectively. This difficulty leads to phenomena such as Lazarus
taxa, where a species presumed extinct abruptly "re-appears"(typically in the fossil record) after a period of apparent absence.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Population_bottleneckhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Range_(biology)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lazarus_taxonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lazarus_taxonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fossilhttp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e0/ExtinctDodoBird.jpeghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fossilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lazarus_taxonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lazarus_taxonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Range_(biology)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Population_bottleneckhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecology8/13/2019 Endagerd Animals Std 5 to 8 Std
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Species become ext inc t or endangered for a number of reasons , but th epr imary cause is the destruct io n of habitat by h uman act iv i t ies (see
Environment). As species evolve, most adapt to a specif ic habitat or
environm ent that best meets their surv ival needs. Withou t this habitat the
species may not su rvive. Pol lut ion, drainage of wetlands , con version o f
shru b lands to grazing lands , cutt in g and c lear ing of forests , urbanizat ion,
oral-reef destruct ion , and road and dam con struc t ion have destroyed or
ser iously damaged and fragmented avai lable habitats. Habitat
fragmentat ion, the iso lat ion and divisio n o f habitats into smaller areas,
has caused p lant and animal species in the remaining islands o f habitat to
lose contact wi th other populat ions of thei r own kind. This reduces thei r
genet ic diversi ty and makes them less adaptable to environmental orcl imatic ch ange. These sm all populat ions are high ly vu lnerable to
ext inct ion . For some species, the fragmented habitats become too sm all
to suppo rt a sustainable pop ulat ion.
.
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Pollution is another important cause of extinction. Toxicchemicalsespecially chlorinated hydrocarbons, such
as dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and
polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)have become
concentrated in food webs, the interconnected food
chains that circulate energy through an ecosystem.These toxic chemicals strongly affect species near the
top of the food chain. Both DDT and PCBs interfere with
the calcium metabolism of birds, causing soft-shelled
eggs and malformed young. PCBs also impair
reproduction in some carnivorous animals. Water
pollution and increased water temperatures have wiped
out endemic species of fish in many habitats. Oil spills
destroy birds, fish, and mammals, and may contaminate
the ocean floor for many years after the event. Acid rain,
the toxic result of extreme air pollution
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In an effor t to p rotect global biod iversi ty and
encourage the study, restorat ion, and sound
management o f endangered species, the IUCN andthe World Con servat ion Monito r ing Centre (WCMC)
maintain a global l ist of endangered and vulnerable
animal species cal led the Red L ist. A framework for
internat ional conservat ion efforts, the Red L ist
database assesses the status of, and threats to,
animal species wo r ldwide. To add to th is and o ther
biod iversi ty databases, nongovernmental
organizations such as Conservat ion Internat ional and
World Wild l i fe Fund conduc t per iod ic rapidassessm ents (focused, intens ive evaluat ions ) of
b iod ivers i ty in var ious hotspo tsregion s l ike
Madagascar that are bo th rich in endemic species
and envir onmental ly th reatened. . . . . . .
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Efforts to save endangered species also inc lude
captive breeding o f severely endangered specieslater released in the wild to restore or add to a
breeding populat ion (a popu lat ion of indiv iduals
capable of reproducing). Due to b reeding in capt iv i ty
(su ch as in zoos and special ized anim al cl inic s), the
number of known Cal iforn ia condors g rew from 27 in
1987 to 157 by 2000, inc lud ing 52 l iving in th e wild in
southern Cal i fornia; the num ber of whoop ing cranes
rose from 21 worldw ide in 1941 to at least 180 in the
w ild and 130 in captivi ty in 1999; and th e Americanperegr ine falcon has been reintroduced into the wi ld
in eastern North America where i t had become ext inct
as a breeding populat ion. In 1999 sc ient is ts
suc cessful ly transp lanted an emb ryo from an Afr icanwi ldcat in to the womb of a dom est ic cat.
. . . . .
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CONCLUSION FOR US IS THAT WE SHOULD TRY AS
MUCH AS WE CAN TRY TO PREVENT THESEENDANGERED ANIMALS FROM BECOMING EXTINCT
THAT PLAY A MAJOR ROLE DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY
IN OUR L IFE. WE THE HUMANS ARE WHO THAT MADE
THESEANIMALS ENDANGERED AND WE HUMANS ARE
THE ONLY ONE WHO CAN PREVENT THESE
ENDANGERED ANIMALS FROM FURTHER EXTINCTION.
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