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Lecture Given in CS330
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ENHANCING DECISION-MAKINGCS330
July 21, 2009Allan Caine, adcaine@cs.uwaterloo.ca
Allan Caine, adcaine@cs.uwaterloo.ca
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OUTLINE
1. Leaning Objectives2. Example: School Division’s Salary Budget3. Types of Decisions4. Stages in Decision-making5. Managerial roles and system failure6. Decision Support Systems and Sensitivity
Analysis7. Demo of Excel’s Pivot Tables (Data Analysis)8. Executive Support Systems9. Group Decision Support Systems
Allan Caine, adcaine@cs.uwaterloo.ca
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LEARNING OBJECTIVES
Describe different types of decisions and the decision-making process
Assess how information systems support the activities of managers and management decision making
Demonstrate how decision-support systems (DSS) differ from MIS and how they provide value to the business
Demonstrate how executive support systems (ESS) help senior managers make better decisions.
Evaluate the role of information systems in helping people working in a group make decisions more efficiently.
Allan Caine, adcaine@cs.uwaterloo.ca
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SCHOOL DIVISION’S SALARY BUDGET Teacher’s salary is a function of
Education: B. Ed., M.Ed. Ph.D. Years of Experience: 1 to 10 plus 15 Full time Equivalence: between 0.1 and 1.0 Administrative Allowance, if any
Budget is the sum Teachers’ salaries Cost of benefits Anticipated increase in salary grid
Not an easy calculation!
Allan Caine, adcaine@cs.uwaterloo.ca
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SALARY GRID
Record assumed increasehere
Allan Caine, adcaine@cs.uwaterloo.ca
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BROWNLEE SCHOOL INFO
Change the experience in column CChange Adamache’s FTE in cell E6
Allan Caine, adcaine@cs.uwaterloo.ca
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QUESTIONS
To the nearest dollar, what is the current cost of salaries plus benefits at Brownlee School? $________________
If the salary grid were to increase 2%, what would be the cost of salaries and benefits at Brownlee School? $______________
Now, add one year’s experience to Adamache, Brown, Batavia and Hopewell. Make Adamache full time. Using the assumption from the previous question, what would be the cost of salaries and benefits at Brownlee School? $_____________
In what ways would this budgeting system using Excel (or Open Office) improve management’s decision-making capabilities over hand calculations? Consider that this example is for one school only. School Divisions typically have many schools with hundreds of teachers under their employ.
Allan Caine, adcaine@cs.uwaterloo.ca
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TYPES OF DECISIONS
Unstructured Decisions Novel, non-routine decisions requiring judgment and insights Examples: Approve capital budget; decide corporate
objectives Structured Decisions
Routine decisions with definite procedures Examples: Restock inventory; determine special offers to
customers Semi-structured Decisions
Only part of decision has clear-cut answers provided by accepted procedures
Examples: Allocate resources to managers; develop a marketing plan
Allan Caine, adcaine@cs.uwaterloo.ca
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BROWNLEE SCHOOL
Were the decisions we made: unstructured? structured? or semi-structured? Consider:
Allan Caine, adcaine@cs.uwaterloo.ca
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STAGES IN DECISION-MAKING
What is the problem at Brownlee School?
How would the best solution be assessed?
How would the options be discovered?
How do we assess if the solution is working?
Allan Caine, adcaine@cs.uwaterloo.ca
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MANAGERIAL ROLES
Classical Plan Organize Co-ordinate Decide Control
Behavioral Interpersonal Informational Decisional
Allan Caine, adcaine@cs.uwaterloo.ca
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WHY DO MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS FAIL? Quality of Information Management Filters Organizational Inertia and Policies
Allan Caine, adcaine@cs.uwaterloo.ca
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DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEMS
Allan Caine, adcaine@cs.uwaterloo.ca
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SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS
Is the analysis we did with Brownlee School an example ofsensitivity analysis? Why or why not?
Allan Caine, adcaine@cs.uwaterloo.ca
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EXCEL PIVOT TABLES
Demonstration of the basics of Pivot Tables
Answering non-routine questions
Allan Caine, adcaine@cs.uwaterloo.ca
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EXECUTIVE SUPPORT SYSTEM
The role of executive support systems in the firm
Business value of executive support systems Executive support systems and the digital
firm National Life: ESS for business intelligence Bonita Bay Properties and Nova Scotia Power
Corporation: Monitoring corporate performance with digital dashboards and balanced scorecard systems
Allan Caine, adcaine@cs.uwaterloo.ca
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GROUP DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM
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