EQ 1: How was Central America influenced by the Olmec civilization? Key Terms: Mesoamerica, Olmec,...

EQ 1: How was Central EQ 1: How was Central America influenced by the America influenced by the

Olmec civilization?Olmec civilization? Key Terms: Mesoamerica, Olmec, Key Terms: Mesoamerica, Olmec,

“mother culture”“mother culture”

GeographyGeography

Mesoamerica—aka Central America Mesoamerica—aka Central America or Middle America, region in between or Middle America, region in between North and South AmericaNorth and South America

Modern-day Mexico, Honduras, Modern-day Mexico, Honduras, Guatemala, Belize, Nicaragua, Guatemala, Belize, Nicaragua, Panama, Costa RicaPanama, Costa Rica

****MEXICO AND NEW MEXICO ARE ****MEXICO AND NEW MEXICO ARE TWO DIFFERENT TWO DIFFERENT LANDS!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!LANDS!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

OlmecOlmec

First civilization that developed in First civilization that developed in MesoamericaMesoamerica

Mesoamerica’s “mother culture”Mesoamerica’s “mother culture” Civilizations that developed in Civilizations that developed in

Mesoamerica all trace their cultures Mesoamerica all trace their cultures back to the Olmecsback to the Olmecs

Olmecs had extensive trade network, Olmecs had extensive trade network, which made the society wealthy and which made the society wealthy and caused their culture to spreadcaused their culture to spread

Famous for large stone statues of Famous for large stone statues of headsheads

Olmec ContributionsOlmec Contributions

Art stylesArt styles Design of citiesDesign of cities Burial sitesBurial sites RecreationRecreation

EQ 2: What contributions were made by the civilizations in

Mesoamerica & South America? Maya, Chichen Itza, Aztec,

Tenochtitlan, Quetzalcoatl, Inca, socialism, Machu Picchu, Cuzco, Atahualpa

Maya, c.300-900 ADMaya, c.300-900 AD

Mayan ContributionsMayan Contributions

Step pyramidsStep pyramids Large cities at Tikal, Chichen ItzaLarge cities at Tikal, Chichen Itza

Science & MathScience & Math Number systemNumber system 52-week calendar, using a codex52-week calendar, using a codex

Organized SportsOrganized Sports

Bloodletting ceremoniesBloodletting ceremonies

Aztecs, c. 900-1550 ADAztecs, c. 900-1550 AD

Aztecs, c. 900-1550 ADAztecs, c. 900-1550 AD

Were also called Mexicas, where we Were also called Mexicas, where we get the name Mexicoget the name Mexico

Capital at Tenochtitlan, built in the Capital at Tenochtitlan, built in the middle of a lakemiddle of a lake

Advanced empire, conquered other Advanced empire, conquered other people and demanded tribute (taxes)people and demanded tribute (taxes)

Known for human sacrificesKnown for human sacrifices

Worshipped Worshipped Quetzalcoatl, a god Quetzalcoatl, a god of peace portrayed of peace portrayed as a feathered as a feathered serpent who, serpent who, according to Aztec according to Aztec myth, promised to myth, promised to return and bring return and bring about a golden ageabout a golden age

Incas, c. 1300-1600Incas, c. 1300-1600

Incas, c. 1300-1600Incas, c. 1300-1600

Most important empire of South Most important empire of South AmericaAmerica

Settled in the Andes MountainsSettled in the Andes Mountains Incan govt most like socialism—most Incan govt most like socialism—most

wealth shared equallywealth shared equally Empire expanded through conquest Empire expanded through conquest

& diplomacy& diplomacy

Inca EmpireInca Empire

Advanced cities at Machu Picchu and Advanced cities at Machu Picchu and capital of Cuzcocapital of Cuzco

Enormous wealth and advancementsEnormous wealth and advancements Power struggles for control of empirePower struggles for control of empire Emperor Atahualpa gained power Emperor Atahualpa gained power

through war with his brotherthrough war with his brother

Machu PicchuMachu Picchu

CuzcoCuzco