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Factors Affecting SLA/L
Luz V. León
Evelyn Gómez
Individual Learner Differences
Why do some learners do better than others?
Intelligence: mental (IQ): verbal/linguistic
Speaking Using words Writing, etc…
Aptitude: Potential for Achievement.
4 Abilities:
* Identify and memorize.
* Understand the functions of words in sentences.
* Figure out grammar rules.
* Memorize new words.
Attitude
Positive L2 is enrichment Negative L2 is resentment
Age: at what age should L2 instruction begin?
Most people say:
“The younger the better…”?
Affective Factors
There are some characteristics that are likely to affect L2 learning such as:
Anxiety
Anxiety is often related to a sense of threat to the learner's self-concept in the learning situation, for example if a learner fears being ridiculed for a mistake.
Personality Factors
Extroversion vs. Introversion Inhibition vs. Risk-taking Self-steem Confidence
Motivation
Source
Purpose
Intrinsic
(Internal)
Extrinsic
(External)
Integrative
The learner wishes to learn L2 for personal growth and cultural enrichment
Someone else wishes the learner to know L2 for an integrative reason.
Instrumental
The learner wishes to achieve practical goals using L2 (e.g. for a career)
External power wants the learner to learn L2 for a practical purpose.
Learner Preferences
Learning style: an individual’s natural, habitual, and preferred way of absorbing information, processing and retaining new information and skills (Reid 2009).
Learning Styles
Visual Auditory Tactile Kinesthetic Haptic (a combination of the kinesthetic and
tactile styles)
Beliefs and Strategies
Previous learning experiences and assumptions.
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