View
217
Download
2
Category
Preview:
Citation preview
Family Planning in the Sustainable Development Goals
A Critical Link for Post-2015 Success
Ellen H. Starbird
Director, Office of Population/Reproductive Health
3
Includes Reproductive Rights, including Universal Access to family planning
• 222 million women in developing countries have an unmet need for
contraception.
• Women want to control their fertility, but too often lack the means, access
and agency to do so.
• Empowering women to choose the number, timing and spacing of their
pregnancies is not only a matter of human rights, but touches on many
issues vital to sustainable development including health, education, and
women’s status in society.
• .Universal access to family planning and reproductive isn’t the only path to
sustainable development, but without addressing these issues, the impact
and effectiveness of other interventions will be less.
Voluntary Family Planning is a Key Intervention for Health and Development*
Social & economic
benefits
Improves women’s opportunities
Improves family well-being
Mitigates adverse effects of population dynamics on
o Natural resources, including food & water
o Economic growth
o State stability
Reduces maternal
mortality/morbidity
Reduces infant
and child mortality
Reduces abortion
Key intervention in
HIV settings e.g.
PMTCT
Health
benefits
Enable women and
couples to decide
number, timing and
spacing of births
*In addition to family planning activities, we also engage in a number of reproductive health-related activities,
including breastfeeding, post-abortion care, female genital cutting, fistula prevention, child marriage, and gender
and youth RH programming.
Principles of voluntarism
and informed choice are
fundamental
4
5
Proposed Sustainable Development Goals
Goal 1 End Poverty in All its Forms Everywhere Goal 2 End Hunger, Achieve Food Security and Improved Nutrition and Promote Sustainable Architecture Goal 3 Ensure Healthy Lives and Promote Well-Being for All At All Ages Goal 4 Ensure Inclusive and Equitable Quality Education and Promote Lifelong Learning Opportunities for All Goal 5 Achieve Gender Equality and Empower All Women and Girls Goal 6 Ensure Availability and Sustainable Management of Water and Sanitation for All Goal 7 Ensure Access to Affordable, Reliable, Sustainable and Modern Energy for All Goal 8 Promote Sustained, Inclusive and Sustainable Economic Growth, Full and Productive Employment and Decent Work for All Goal 9 Build resilient infrastructure, Promote Inclusive and Resilient Infrastructure, Promote Inclusive and Sustainable Industrialization and Foster Innovation Goal 10 Reduce Inequality Within and Among Countries Goal 11 Make Cities and Human Settlements Inclusive, Safe, Resilient and Sustainable Goal 12 Ensure Sustainable Consumption and Production Patterns Goal 13 Take Urgent Action to Combat Climate Change and Its Impacts Goal 14 Conserve and Sustainably Use the Oceans, Seas and Marine Resources for Sustainable Development Goal 15 Protect, Restore and Promote Sustainable Use of Terrestrial Ecosystems, Sustainably Manage Forests, Combat Desertification, and Halt and Reverse Land Degradation and Halt Biodiversity Loss Goal 16 Promote Peaceful and Inclusive Societies for Sustainable Development, Provide Access to Justice for All and Build Effective, Accountable and Inclusive Institutions at all Levels Goal 17 Strengthen the Means of Implementation and Revitalize the Global Partnership for Sustainable Development
Goal 3 Ensure
Healthy Lives and
Promote Well-
Being for All At All
Ages
6
Where specifically is family planning?
Goal 5 Achieve
Gender Equality
and Empower
All Women and
Girls
7
Where specifically is family planning?
MDG 5B Goal: Achieve universal access to RH
5.3 Contraceptive prevalence rate
5.4 Adolescent birth rate
5.5 Antenatal care coverage
5.6 Unmet need for family planning
Post-2015 Target: Achieve universal access to SRHR (SDGs,
ICPD Beyond 2014, post-MDG high level panel)
a. FP measure (described in the coming slides)
b. TBD– non-FP measure
c. TBD– non-FP measure
d. TBD– non-FP measure
From the MDGs to the SDGs
9
FP Metric for SRHR SDG
MEASURE: Percent demand for FP satisfied with modern
contraceptives
In English: Of sexually active women of reproductive age who do not want to become
pregnant, the percent who are using modern contraceptives.
In Demography: MCPR / [CPR + Unmet Need]
Underlying principles:
Voluntarism, informed choice, equity, rights
This is a key, necessary measure, but certainly not the only measure of SRHR.
10
Proposed FP Benchmark for SDGs
BENCHMARK: At least 75 percent demand for FP is satisfied with
modern contraceptives in all countries
Arrived at the benchmark based on these parameters:
• What would be ambitious and achievable
• What would align OECD and high performing low income countries
• What would capture equity, and incentivize countries to address equity in
demand satisfied across wealth, age, residence, and other factors.
11
FP2020 Goal: Progress is Slower Than Needed
67.0
M
59.0
M 51.0
M
42.0
M
34.0
M
25.0
M
16.9
M
FP2020 GOAL CURRENT
TREND HISTORIC TREND
Source: FP2020 : PARTNERSHIP IN PROGRESS
Annual Percentage Point Change in Modern Contraceptive Use Between Last 2 Surveys
Rapid Progress
(≥ 1.0)
Encouraging
Progress
(0.5–< 1.0)
Slow
Progress
(> 0–< 0.5)
Getting worse
Rwanda Liberia Haiti Mauritania* Mozambique✗✗
Kenya Togo* Burkina Faso* Ghana Guinea*✗✗✗
Malawi Tanzania India Benin* Nepal✗✗
Madagascar Niger* Pakistan DR Congo
Ethiopia✓✓✓ Bangladesh Philippines Afghanistan
Zambia Cote d’Ivoire* Nigeria
Senegal*✓✓✓✓ Yemen
Uganda Mali*
South Sudan does not have sufficient data for trends analysis.
Sources: Rates of change are calculated from the last two survey data points from DHS, MICS, RHS and PMA
2020 surveys. This analysis is based on the 24 PRH priority countries and the Ouagadougou Partnership countries.
*Indicates Ouagadougou Partnership Countries
Annual Percentage Point Change in Met Demand for Family Planning Between Last 2 Surveys
Rapid Progress
(≥ 2)
Encouraging
Progress
(≥ 1 to < 2)
Slow
Progress
(> 0 to < 1)
Getting worse
Rwanda Togo* Ghana Mauritania*
Niger Mali* Benin* Yemen
Senegal*✓✓✓✓ Haiti Nigeria Guinea ✗✗✗
Kenya Zambia DR Congo Nepal✗✗
Madagascar Pakistan India Mozambique✗✗
Ethiopia✓✓✓ Cote d’Ivoire*
Liberia Bangladesh
Burkina Faso* Tanzania
Malawi Philippines
Uganda
Trend data are not available for Afghanistan and South Sudan.
Sources: Rates of change are calculated from the last two survey data points from DHS, MICS and RHS. This
analysis is based on the 24 PRH priority countries and the Ouagadougou Partnership countries. *Indicates
Ouagadougou Partnership Countries
Annual Percentage Point Change in % of Births Spaced < 36 Months Apart Between Last 2 Surveys
Rapid Progress
(≥ 1.0 decrease)
Some Progress
(< 1.0 decrease)
Getting worse
Senegal*✓✓✓✓ Philippines Tanzania Nigeria✗✗
Nepal Uganda Mozambique DR Congo✗✗
Bangladesh Ghana India Pakistan
Haiti Zambia Madagascar Guinea*✗✗✗
Mali* Kenya Rwanda Niger*
Benin* Malawi
Liberia Burkina Faso*
Cote d’Ivoire* Ethiopia
Afghanistan, Mauritania, South Sudan, Togo and Yemen do not have sufficient data for trend analyses.
Sources: Rates of change are calculated from the last two survey data points from DHS and RHS. This analysis is based
on the 24 PRH priority countries and the Ouagadougou Partnership countries.
*Indicates Ouagadougou Partnership Countries
Annual Percentage Point Change in 1st Births to Women Under Age 18 Between Last 2 Surveys
Rapid Progress
(≥ 0.5 decrease)
Slow Progress
(< 0 to < 0.5 decrease)
Getting worse
Senegal*✓✓✓✓ Bangladesh Tanzania Malawi
Nepal Niger* Benin* Nigeria✗✗
India Mozambique Mali* Ghana
Pakistan Zambia DR Congo✗✗
Ethiopia✓✓✓ Guinea* Kenya
Rwanda Philippines
Uganda Burkina Faso*
Haiti Madagascar
Cote d’Ivoire* Liberia
Afghanistan, Mauritania, South Sudan, Togo and Yemen do not have sufficient data for trend analyses between 2000
and 2014. Sources: Rates of change are calculated from the last two survey data points from DHS datasets. The
denominator for this indicator is women aged 18 to 24. This analysis is based on the 24 PRH priority countries and the
Ouagadougou Partnership countries. *Indicates Ouagadougou Partnership Countries
GH/PRH View on Global Goals for FP/RH
• Enable 120 million more women and girls to use contraception
• Measured by mCPR
• Underlying rights and empowerment framework
2020: Achieve FP2020 goals
• Help countries get onto mCPR trajectory needed to reach FP2020 goals
• FP metric accepted as one of the SDG indicators for universal access to
reproductive health
2015: Accelerate progress towards FP2020 and 2030 goals
• In every country, at least 75% of demand for family planning is met by
modern contraception
• FP/RH routinely included in universal health coverage
2030: Achieve health-related SDGs
19
USAID-specific Goals for FP/RH
• Double rate of mCPR increase in USAID priority countries
• Assist EPCMD countries in meeting FP2020 commitments
• Expand method mix to better align with reproductive intentions and improve
birth spacing
2020: Achieve EPCMD, AFG, and FP2020 goals
• Maintain progress in high performing countries; improve progress in low
performers
• Continue building evidence for FP-EPCMD relationships
• Strengthen USAID/UNFPA relationship at country level
2015: Accelerate progress towards 2020 and 2030 goals
• In USAID EPCMD countries, at least 75% of demand for family planning is
met by modern contraception
• FP/RH routinely included in universal health coverage
2030: Achieve health-related SDGs
20
• Secure SRHR in the SDGs
• Gain agreement on metrics
• Accelerate progress in satisfying demand for family
planning
21
The Job Still To Do
Recommended