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Famous Americans
Politicians Thomas PaineThomas Paine-Wrote -Wrote Common Sense Common Sense which called for which called for
independence from Britainindependence from Britain
Alexander Hamilton
FederalistFederalist Sec. of Treasury-Sec. of Treasury-
Bank of U.S.Bank of U.S.
John Marshall
Chief Justice of Chief Justice of Supreme Court; Supreme Court; decisions helped decisions helped increase power of increase power of federal gov’tfederal gov’t
established judicial established judicial reviewreview
Douglas MacArthur
Led U.S. occupation Led U.S. occupation of Japan after WWIIof Japan after WWII
Led UN troops during Led UN troops during Korean WarKorean War
dismissed by Pres. dismissed by Pres. Truman for Truman for disagreeing with himdisagreeing with him
Joseph McCarthy
Senator who led Senator who led anti-communist anti-communist movementmovement
claimed there were claimed there were communists in communists in State Dept. and State Dept. and U.S. ArmyU.S. Army
Thurgood Marshall
Head lawyer for Head lawyer for NAACP during NAACP during Brown v. Board of Brown v. Board of EdEd
first African-first African-American Supreme American Supreme Court justiceCourt justice
Sandra Day O’Connor
11stst female Supreme female Supreme Court JusticeCourt Justice
Businessmen
Henry FordHenry Ford automobile automobile
manufacturermanufacturer used assembly line used assembly line
and interchangeable and interchangeable partsparts
made Model T made Model T affordableaffordable
John Rockefeller
industrialist who industrialist who had monopoly in had monopoly in oil industry oil industry [Standard Oil [Standard Oil Company]Company]
philanthropistphilanthropist
Andrew Carnegie
industrialist who industrialist who had monopoly in had monopoly in steel industry steel industry [Carnegie Steel][Carnegie Steel]
philanthropistphilanthropist defended Social defended Social
DarwinismDarwinism
Bill Gates
BusinessmanBusinessman software developer software developer
[Microsoft][Microsoft] philanthropistphilanthropist
Reformers
William Lloyd William Lloyd GarrisonGarrison AbolitionistAbolitionist published anti-published anti-
slavery slavery newspaper newspaper The The LiberatorLiberator
Frederick Douglas
AbolitionistAbolitionist former slaveformer slave published published The The
North StarNorth Star also spoke for also spoke for
women’s rightswomen’s rights
Harriet Tubman
AbolitionistAbolitionist helped slaves helped slaves
escape by the escape by the Underground Underground RailroadRailroad
Booker T Washington
African American African American educator and scientisteducator and scientist
founded Tuskegee founded Tuskegee InstituteInstitute
felt Blacks should felt Blacks should earn equality through earn equality through education and hard education and hard workwork
WEB Du Bois African American African American
civil rights leadercivil rights leader founder of NAACPfounder of NAACP opposed Booker T opposed Booker T
Washington’s Washington’s viewpointviewpoint
influenced Harlem influenced Harlem Renaissance by Renaissance by stressing pride in stressing pride in heritageheritage
Jane Addams Founder of Hull Founder of Hull
House in Chicago House in Chicago [settlement house [settlement house for immigrants]for immigrants]
supported supported women’s rightswomen’s rights
won Nobel Peace won Nobel Peace PrizePrize
Jacob Riis
MuckrakerMuckraker exposed poor exposed poor
conditions of slums conditions of slums and tenementsand tenements
wrote wrote How the How the Other Half LivesOther Half Lives
Dorothea Dix
social reformersocial reformer worked for worked for
improved treatment improved treatment of mentally illof mentally ill
Elizabeth Cady Stanton
SuffragetteSuffragette organized the organized the
Seneca Falls Seneca Falls ConventionConvention
president of the president of the National Woman National Woman Suffrage Suffrage AssociationAssociation
Susan B Anthony
SuffragetteSuffragette Leader of women’s Leader of women’s
rights movementrights movement
Samuel Gompers
Labor leader Labor leader organizer of the organizer of the
American American Federation of Labor Federation of Labor [skilled labor [skilled labor union]union]
Rosa Parks
ActivistActivist refusal to give up refusal to give up
bus seat lead to bus seat lead to 1955 Montgomery 1955 Montgomery Bus Boycott- Bus Boycott- beginning of civil beginning of civil rights movementrights movement
Martin Luther King Jr. Civil Rights leaderCivil Rights leader use of civil disobedience use of civil disobedience
and non-violenceand non-violence founded Southern founded Southern
Christian Leadership Christian Leadership ConferenceConference
“ “I Have a Dream” speechI Have a Dream” speech won Nobel Peace Prizewon Nobel Peace Prize assassinated in 1968assassinated in 1968
Malcolm X Leader of Black Leader of Black
Power movementPower movement advocated black advocated black
separatism and use separatism and use of violence if of violence if necessarynecessary
assassinated in assassinated in 19651965
Cesar Chavez
Latino labor leaderLatino labor leader migrant farm workermigrant farm worker formed United Farm formed United Farm
Workers UnionWorkers Union organized grape organized grape
boycottboycott
Rachel Carson
Biologist; wrote Biologist; wrote book book Silent SpringSilent Spring attacking use of attacking use of pesticidespesticides
stimulated stimulated environmental environmental movementmovement
Betty Friedan
Women’s rights Women’s rights activistactivist
wrote wrote Feminine Feminine MystiqueMystique (1963) (1963) which encouraged which encouraged women to work women to work outside the homeoutside the home
founded National founded National Organization of Organization of Women (1966) Women (1966)
Jesse Jackson
African American African American civil rights activistcivil rights activist
ran for presidentran for president served as diplomat served as diplomat
to negotiate with to negotiate with foreign leadersforeign leaders
Writers and Artists
Harriet Beecher Harriet Beecher StoweStowe Wrote Wrote Uncle Tom’s Uncle Tom’s
CabinCabin which increased which increased moral opposition to moral opposition to slaveryslavery
Upton Sinclair
MuckrakerMuckraker journalistjournalist wrote wrote The JungleThe Jungle
which led to Meat which led to Meat Inspection Act of Inspection Act of 1906 and Pure 1906 and Pure Food and Drug ActFood and Drug Act
Langston Hughes
African American African American author and poetauthor and poet
leading figure leading figure during Harlem during Harlem RenaissanceRenaissance
Duke Ellington
Jazz and Blues Jazz and Blues artist during artist during Harlem Harlem RenaissanceRenaissance
help popularize help popularize American music American music worldwideworldwide
Miscellaneous
Sacco and VanzettiSacco and Vanzetti Italian immigrants; Italian immigrants;
anarchistsanarchists executed for armed executed for armed
robbery and murder robbery and murder during the Red Scare during the Red Scare of the 1920sof the 1920s
cleared in 1977cleared in 1977
Eleanor Roosevelt
First ladyFirst lady political activist for political activist for
rights of African rights of African Americans and womenAmericans and women
helped create UN helped create UN Declaration on Human Declaration on Human Rights and UN Rights and UN commission on commission on Human RightsHuman Rights
Jackie Robinson
Professional Professional baseball playerbaseball player
first African first African American to play American to play for major league for major league baseball [Brooklyn baseball [Brooklyn Dodgers]Dodgers]
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