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FINDING PATTERNS IN TEMPORAL DATAKRIST WONGSUPHASAWATTAOWEI DAVID WANGCATHERINE PLAISANTBEN SHNEIDERMAN
HUMAN-COMPUTER INTERACTION LAB UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND
27th HCIL Symposium
May 27, 2010
FINDING PATTERNS IN TEMPORAL DATAKRIST WONGSUPHASAWATTAOWEI DAVID WANGCATHERINE PLAISANTBEN SHNEIDERMAN
HUMAN-COMPUTER INTERACTION LAB UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND
27th HCIL Symposium
May 27, 2010
Patient ID: 45851737
12/02/2008 14:26 Arrival12/02/2008 14:36 Emergency12/02/2008 22:44 ICU12/05/2008 05:07 Floor12/14/2008 06:19 Exit
Time
EmergencyICU
FloorExit
TEMPORAL CATEGORICAL DATA• A type of time series
04/26/2010 10:00 31.0304/26/2010 10:15 31.0104/26/2010 10:30 31.0204/26/2010 10:45 31.0804/26/2010 11:00 31.16
EventCategory
Stock: Microsoft
Numerical
Arrival
Event
TEMPORAL CATEGORICAL DATA
Electronic Health Records: symptoms, treatment, lab test
Traffic incident logs: arrival/departure time of each unit
Student records: course, paper, proposal, defense, etc.
Others: web logs, usability study logs, etc.
EXAMPLE DATA• Patient transfers
ARRIVAL Arrive the hospital
EMERGENCY Emergency room
ICU Intensive Care Unit
INTERMEDIATE Intermediate Medical Care
FLOOR Normal room
EXIT-ALIVE Leave the hospital alive
EXIT-DEAD Leave the hospital dead
LIFELINES 2
RECORDRECORD
RECORD
RECORD
RECORD
[Wang et al. 2008, 2009]http://www.cs.umd.edu/hcil/lifelines2
LifeLines2 – Search and Visualize
ARF (Align-Rank-Filter)Framework
Temporal Summary
Multiple Records
ALIGNMENT• Sentinel events as reference points
Time
Patient #45851737 ArrivalEmergency
ICUFloor
Exit
Patient #43244997 ArrivalEmergency
ICUFloor
Exit
June July August
ALIGNMENT (2)• Time shifting
Time
Patient #45851737 AdmitEmergency
ICUFloor
Exit
Patient #43244997 AdmitEmergency
ICUFloor
Exit
0 1 M 2 M
SIMILAN
RECORDRECORD
RECORD
RECORD
RECORD
[Wongsuphasawat & Shneiderman 2009]http://www.cs.umd.edu/hcil/similan
FINDING “BOUNCE BACKS”Before After
• Much faster to specify new query• Visualizing the results gives better
understanding
USER STUDIES: SEARCH
ExactMUST have A, B, C
Record#1
Record#2
Record#3
moresimilar
Similarity-basedSHOULD have A, B, C
SimilanLifeLines2
Query
Record#2
Record#1
Record#3
Query
USER STUDIES: SEARCH
ExactMUST have A, B, C
Similarity-basedSHOULD have A, B, C
Query
Record#1
Record#2
Record#3
moresimilar
Query
Record#2
Record#1
Record#3
SimilanLifeLines2
1
TASKS
within 2 days
ICU Floor ICU
• Example: Finding “Bounce backs”
• Other questionsArrival
ICU
?
??
LIFEFLOW
RECORD
RECORD
RECORD
RECORD
RECORD
RECORD
RECORD
RECORD
AGGREGATEMerge multiple records into
tree
VISUALIZEDisplay the aggregation
TAKE-AWAY MESSAGE
Information visualization is a powerful way to explore temporal patterns.
You can work with us on new case studies.
TEMPORAL CATEGORICAL DATA
Electronic Health Records: symptoms, treatment, lab test
Traffic incident logs: arrival/departure time of each unit
Student records: course, paper, proposal, defense, etc.
Others: web logs, usability study logs, etc.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTDR. PHUONG HO, DR. MARK SMITH, DAVID
ROSEMANWASHINGTON HOSPITAL CENTER
http://www.whcenter.org
NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH (NIH) - GRANT CA147489 http://www.nih.gov
MICHAEL PACK, MICHAEL VANDANIKERCENTER FOR ADVANCED TRANPORTATION
TECHNOLOGY LAB(CATT LAB)
http://www.cattlab.umd.edu
TAKE-AWAY MESSAGE
Information visualization is a powerful way to explore temporal patterns.
You can work with us on new case studies.
More demos this afternoon{kristw, tw7, plaisant, ben}@cs.umd.eduhttp://www.cs.umd.edu/hcil/temporalviz
Does not help exploring sequential patternsNeeds a new overview
LifeLines2’s Temporal Summary [Wang et al. 2009]
Continuum’s Histogram [Andre 2007]
USER STUDIES• 8 Extensive case studies• Compared LifeLines2 with Similan
– Learn advantages & disadvantages• Drawing is preferred• Clear cut off points is needed
• Working on improvements– Flexible temporal search
SIMILAN• Compared with LifeLines2 in an
experiment– Learn advantages & disadvantages– Drawing is preferred– No clear cut off points
• Working on improvements– Flexible temporal search
APPROACHESExact SearchMUST have A, B, C
Similarity-based SearchSHOULD have A, B, C
Query
Record#1
Record#2
Record#3
moresimilar
Query
Record#1
Record#2
Record#3
MOTIVATION
RESEARCH QUESTIONS
RESEARCHQUESTION#1
PRELIM. + PROPOSED WORK CONCLUSION
RESEARCHQUESTION#2
PRELIM. + PROPOSED WORK
EXPECTED CONTRIBUTIONS
1. Design of visual representations, user interfaces and interaction techniques
2. Algorithms for flexible temporal search
3. Evaluation results
4. Open new directions for exploring temporal categorical data
RELATED WORK• Single record
Patient ID: 4585173712/02/2008 14:26 Arrival12/02/2008 14:26 Emergency12/02/2008 22:44 ICU12/05/2008 05:07 Floor12/08/2008 10:02 Floor12/14/2008 06:19 Exit
Visualization
• E.g. LifeLines, MIDGAARD, etc.
RELATED WORK (2)• Multiple records
VisualizationVisualization
VisualizationVisualization
• E.g. LifeLines2, Continuum, ActiviTree, etc.
Patient ID: 4585173712/02/2008 14:26 Arrival12/02/2008 14:26 Emergency12/02/2008 22:44 ICU12/05/2008 05:07 Floor12/08/2008 10:02 Floor12/14/2008 06:19 Exit
Patient ID: 4585173712/02/2008 14:26 Arrival12/02/2008 14:26 Emergency12/02/2008 22:44 ICU12/05/2008 05:07 Floor12/08/2008 10:02 Floor12/14/2008 06:19 Exit
Patient ID: 4585173712/02/2008 14:26 Arrival12/02/2008 14:26 Emergency12/02/2008 22:44 ICU12/05/2008 05:07 Floor12/08/2008 10:02 Floor12/14/2008 06:19 Exit
Patient ID: 4585173712/02/2008 14:26 Arrival12/02/2008 14:26 Emergency12/02/2008 22:44 ICU12/05/2008 05:07 Floor12/08/2008 10:02 Floor12/14/2008 06:19 Exit
RELATED WORK (3)• Multiple records
Visualization
• E.g. LifeLines2, Continuum
Patient ID: 4585173712/02/2008 14:26 Arrival12/02/2008 14:26 Emergency12/02/2008 22:44 ICU12/05/2008 05:07 Floor12/08/2008 10:02 Floor12/14/2008 06:19 Exit
Patient ID: 4585173712/02/2008 14:26 Arrival12/02/2008 14:26 Emergency12/02/2008 22:44 ICU12/05/2008 05:07 Floor12/08/2008 10:02 Floor12/14/2008 06:19 Exit
Patient ID: 4585173712/02/2008 14:26 Arrival12/02/2008 14:26 Emergency12/02/2008 22:44 ICU12/05/2008 05:07 Floor12/08/2008 10:02 Floor12/14/2008 06:19 Exit
Patient ID: 4585173712/02/2008 14:26 Arrival12/02/2008 14:26 Emergency12/02/2008 22:44 ICU12/05/2008 05:07 Floor12/08/2008 10:02 Floor12/14/2008 06:19 Exit
SEQUENTIAL PATTERNS
within 2 days
ICU Floor ICU
• Examples: “Bounce backs”
Patient #1
Patient #2
Patient #3
Patient #4
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