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Fiona Rutherford(NZRD)
Paediatric Dietitian
Early Childhood Health Team
Child & Youth Team
Auckland District health Board
Vegetables and fruits
Provide energy (sugar & starch), fibre, vitamins and minerals
Preschoolers need:
2+ servings of vegetables
2 servings of fruits
School age children:
3+ servings of vegetables
2 servings of fruit
Breads & cereals (Carbohydrates)
The best source of energy for the body + provide fibre, some vitamins and minerals
Preschoolers:
at least 4 servings
School age:
at least 5 servings
Growth spurt children:
can have 6 servings
Serving size
1 slice of bread
1C rice bubbles/cornflakes
½C cooked cereal (porridge)
1C pasta, noodles, rice
1 medium potato, kumara, taro
Meat, seafood, eggs and pulses
Protein is important for growth and providing muscle bulk. Rich in vitamins and minerals especially iron
Preschoolers need: 1 serving
School age children:
At least 1 serving
¾C of pulses
1 egg2 drumsticks or 1 leg
Serving size
Dairy products
Highly nutritious foods or drinks with energy, protein and vitamins + minerals
Preschoolers need:
At least 2 servings
School age children:
At least 3 servings
Glass of milk
Pottle of yoghurt or dairy food
2 slices of cheese
Serving size
Plate model
Vegetables/ fruit
Lean protein
Whole grain/ starch
cous cous
fish
tofu
Aim for balance at every meal of the day
Regular meals + daily routine
3 meals
2- 3 snacks
Routine meal times result in a routine for toileting
Nutrient Reference Values for Australia and NZ
Dietary fibre
Total
fluid
Children 1-3 years 14g 1.0L
4- 8 years 18g 1.2L
Boys 9-13 years 24g 1.6L
14-18 years 28g 1.9L
Girls 9-13 years 20g 1.4L
14-18 years 22g 1.6L
NHMFC. 2006. Nutrient Reference Values for Australia and New Zealand including Recommended Dietary Intakes. Canberrra: NHMRC, Wellington: MOH
Fluid
at least 6 glasses of fluid
Water and milk are best choices
Small amount of fluid in foods
Higher needs when exercising or
in hot weather
Sources of dietary fibre
1 pear = 3.1g 1 banana = 3.6g 1 apple = 1.9g 1 orange = 1.3g
Corn cob = 3.9g Carrot (cooked) = 1.6g Baked beans (1/2c) = 5g Potato = 1.6g ½c of taro = 4.4g ½c of peas = 4g
1 Weet-bix = 2g
1c cornflakes = 0.9g
½c porridge = 1g
bread (1 slice)
9 grain = 2.2g
Wholemeal = 1.8g
White bread = 1g
1Tbsp peanut butter = 1g
Reference: http://www.crop.cri.nz/home/products-services/nutrition/foodcompdata/Concise_8_Edition.pdf
Fibre intake in NZ
Median usual intake of dietary fibre of 17.9g for NZ children (8-14years)
PI children had a lower median intake than NZEO and Maori
Bread, potatoes, kumara & taro, fruit, breakfast cereal and vegetables provide 70% of dietary fibre
Reference: http://www.moh.govt.nz/moh.nsf/pagesmh/4330
Increase fibre by reducing fat!
Low fibre, high fat High fibre, low fat
Breakfast Breakfast1 bowl of Coco-pops 2 Weetbix + peachesBlue top milk Green top milk
Snack: Snack:Fizzy drink 1C pop corn
Lunch: Lunch:Mince pie and donut Sandwich (ham & salad) + apple
Snack: Snack:Chocolate chip cookies 6 rice crackers + fruit yoghurt
Dinner: Dinner:Fish and chips 2 chicken drumsticks, stir-fry
vegetables + 3/4C rice
Fibre 10g Fibre 21g
‘Diet recall’ checklist
Regular meal times?
Sufficient fluid?
Some fibre containing foods?– wholegrains, fruits and vegetables
Not too much milk as a drink?
Not too many snack foods or takeaways?
Participating in daily exercise?
Is the child having…………………………………………………
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