FL Rodriguez - Recycling Overview

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Recycling Overview

Ing. Fernando L. Rodríguez

President – SWANA Caribbean

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Waste Screening Objectives

• Know waste generator categories

• Define hazardous waste

• Recognize specific exemptions to the

definition of hazardous waste• Define and describe other wastes that are

typically prohibited by state and federal

regulations

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Waste Screening

• Potential problems associated with hazardous or

unacceptable wastes –  Liability due to future releases of contaminants

 –  Worker injury

 – Civil and criminal penalties

 –  Damage to environmental control and leachatesystems

 –  Soil and groundwater contamination

 –  Adverse reactions against facility from neighbors andgeneral public

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Waste Screening

• Hazardous wastes

• Exceptions to HW’s (EPA: 13 exceptions)

 –  House Hold Wastes (HHW)

 – 

Cement kiln dust –  Arsenic-Treated Wood

 –  Used Oil Filters

 –  Petroleum Contaminated Media

 –  Mining & Mineral Processing Wastes

These types of wastes are

excluded from Hazardous

waste definition of the EPA;this does not make them

automatically acceptable to

a solid waste facility.

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Integrated Solid Waste

Management Hierarchy

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RecyclingRecycling is the series of activities by 

which discarded materials are

collected, sorted, marketed,

 processed, and transformed or 

manufactured into recyclablematerials, as well as the purchase

and use of recycled products.

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Other Key Definitions

Reuse is the use of a product more than once in the

same form for the same or different purpose without substantial alteration.

Composting is the biological decomposition of organic

wastes under control conditions resulting in a material that may serve as soil additive.

 Actions taken to reduce solid waste toxicity or 

generation by manufacturers and consumers is known

as source reduction.

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Recycling Loop

Traditional meaning:

Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle

Alternate meaning:Collecting, processing and manufacturing

 products with recycled content, and 

 purchasing products containingrecycled material 

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More on RecyclingBenefits of Recycling

• Preserves naturalresources

• Conserves energy

• Has positive economic

impacts

• Reduces greenhousegas emissions

• Extends landfill life

Misinformation /Misperceptions

• We can recycle only asmall percentage of our solid waste

• Recycling is more

costly than disposal• We have plenty of 

landfills – recyclingisn’t necessary

• People should get paidto recycle

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Key Activities - Recycling

Separation

Collection

Processing

Manufacturing

Purchase of Manufactured Products

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Material Profiles• RR: 48%

• Average aluminum canscontain 40% recycledcontent

Aluminum

• RR: 63%

Steel Cans

• RR: 29% (HDPE)

• RR: 27% (PET)

Plastic Bottles

• RR: 71%

Office Paper

• RR: 28%

• 90% of recycled glass isused to make newcontainers

Glass

• RR: 99%

Car Batteries

• RR: 35%

Tires

*RR: Recycling RateSource: US EPA 2008

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MSW Recycling Rates, 1960 to 2008

Source: US EPA - Municipal Solid Waste Generation, Recycling, and Disposal in the

United States: Facts and Figures for 2008

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Questions?

References:

•U.S. EPA, 2008

•SWANA Managing Recycling Systems Manual

•SWANA Waste Screening Manual

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Avila, España

Barcelona, España

Capri, ItaliaPompeya, Italia

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Feria de Residuos 2010

IFEMA – Madrid, España

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Remember to visit…

Visita Guaynabo MRF

www.swanacaribbean.com