“Following the light of the sun, we left the Old World.” - CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS

“Following the light of the sun, we left the Old World.”-CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS

“Following the light of the sun, we left the Old World.”-CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS

SONGS FOR THE DAY: NEVER BEEN TO SPAIN

Daily Comment & Card

CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS

TREATY OF TORDESILLAS

-Italian who sailed for Spain-Nina, Pinta, Santa Maria-Sailed west to find water route to the East-Returned with Gold encouraging more exploration

-Pope divided world with Line of Demarcation-Half to Spain/Half to Portugal-Line moved to give Brazil to Portugal

1492 1493-4

STUDENTS WILL BE ABLE TO:

-identify Christopher Columbus & Treaty of Tordesillasexplain the arrival of the first Americans.-describe the cultures encountered by the first European visitors.-analyze reasons for the European shift in interest toward colonization.-illustrate the Columbian Exchange-identify major Spanish explorers and their claims for Spain-Evaluate the Spanish legacy in the New World

-Bering Strait (land bridge)

-Nomadic Asian hunters

-by 1492, 54 million in American continents

Major cultures:

INCAS (PERU)

MAYANS (CENTRAL AMERICA)

AZTECS (MEXICO)

Major cultures:

INCAS (PERU)

MAYANS (CENTRAL AMERICA)

AZTECS (MEXICO)

How did the first Americans get here?

1/13

CENTRAL AMERICA=SOPHISTICATED CIVILIZATION

MATH

ASTRONOMY

AGRICULTURE

CALENDAR

*HOWEVER, PRACTICED HUMAN SACRAFICE

IN NORTH AMERICA:

3 SISTER FARMING

(beans, squash, & corn)

SMALL, SCATTERED, IMPERMANENT SETTLEMENTS AGRICULTURE

2/13

BLAME ATTENTION ON THE CRUSADES:

RENEWED INTEREST IN TRADE

SILK

DRUGS

PERFUME,SOAP

DYES

SUGAR AND OTHER SPICES

WANT AN ALL WATER ROUTE TO INDIA FOR TRADE…

MARCO POLO & CHINA

3/13

PORTUGUESE ARE THE FIRST TO LEAD!

PRINCE HENRY

COAST OF AFRICA (SLAVES)

DIAZ, DA GAMA

WHAT MADE IT POSSIBLE…BETTER SHIPS (CARAVEL, RUDDER)

EQUIPMENT (ASTROLABE, COMPASS)

MOVEABLE TYPE

WEAPONS, Don’t forget: $ from trade!4/13

Other countries want in:

SPAIN & COLUMBUS

-FERDINAND & ISABELLA

-MOORS DRIVEN OUT

-1492 SET SAIL (NINA, PINTA, SANTA MARIA)

AFTER SIX WEEKS (OCT 12) BAHAMAS

FOLLOWED BY: JAMAICA

PUERTO RICO

TRINIDAD

HONDURAS

-DIES THINKING HE LANDED IN WEST INDIES (1506)

5/13

COLUMBUS USED THE CURRENTS OF THE OCEAN TO TRAVEL TO THE WEST AND RETURN…

6/13

NEW WORLD OLD WORLD

BEANS

TOMATOES

POTATO

TOBACCO

CORN

PINEAPPLES

VANILLA

CHOCOLATE

SYPHILLIS

WHEAT

SUGAR

RICE

COFFEE

HORSES

COWS

PIGS

SMALLPOX

MEASLES

BUBONIC PLAGUE

INfLUENZA

TYPHUS

DIPTHERIA

SCARLET FEVER

COLUMBIAN EXCHANGE

7/13

CLASH OF CULTURES BEGINS:EUROPE = MARKETS, CAPITAL, TECHNOLOGY

AFRICA = LABOR

NEW WORLD = RAW MATERIALS

OLD WORLD TAKES GOLD & SILVER

AFRICA PROVIDES THE SLAVE LABOR

8/13

To keep order, the Pope divided the New World between the 2 most powerful Catholic countries: Spain & PortugalTREATY OF TORDESILLAS

Spain = most of the “heathen lands”

Portugal = Africa, Asia, (with line of demarcation, Brazil)

9/13

SPANISH EXPLORERSBalboa- Panama

Magellan- circumnavigated globe (1519-1522)

Ponce de Leon- Florida (fountain of youth)

Coronado- 7 cities of Cibola (Grand Canyon)

DeSoto- Mississippi

Pizarro- Incas (Peru-1532)

Cabeza de Vaca- Texas

Cortes- Aztecs

Spanish colonies only trade with Spain, only Catholics can migrate.

10/13

CORTES

conquers Aztecs in Mexico under Monteczuma

(thought he was returned God) Quetzalcoatl

Tenochtitlan capitol city

Cortes burned his ships—WHY?

Help from Spanish enslaved by Mayans and an Indian slave, Malinche (female), who spoke Mayan and one Aztec language-learned Spanish. Baptized Dona Marina

Brought death, conquest, intermarriage (mestizos), crops, & animals

Malinchista=traitor

Columbus Day=Dia de la Raza

11/13

SPANISH LEGACY?

LANGUAGE

RELIGION

ARCHITECTURE

one story, adobe/stone, arched doors. court yards, high ceilings, tile roofs domed churches,

rectangular bell tower

FOOD & ANIMALS

oranges, lemons, olives, sugar cane, wheat, rice cows, pigs, horses, donkeys

EDUCATION

universities (Lima, Peru & Mexico City-1550s)

12/13

St. Augustine, Florida (1565) is oldest continually inhabited European settlement in what is now the U.S.

Encomienda (grants land and indians in return for promise of Christianization) system was used.

13/13