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LEVEL: 4nd ESO
PHYSICAL EDUCATION GAME SHOW
PHYSICAL EDUCATION DEPARTMENT
AL-LAWRA, LORA DEL RÍO
ACADEMIC YEAR 2016/2017
FOOTBALL/ BASEBALL/
RUGBY TAG/
ALTERNATIVE SPORTS
— SECOND TERM —
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UNIT 1: WARM-UP
Remember that warm up is divided in 2 phases:
1- GENERAL WARM-UP (it´s done for general activities. Remember: MAS)
2.- SPECIFIC WARM-UP (some specific exercises are added at the end of the general warm-up).
In the General Warm-up you can find:
1.JOINT MOVEMENT. The main joints are mobilized: neck, shoulders, elbows, wrists, upperbody,
hips, knees and ankles. Some examples are:
2. ACTIVATION, DYNAMIC STAGE OR START-UP: the idea is to do a few
exercises walking and running on the space. Some examples are: 1) to walk on tip-toes; 2) to walk on
your heels; 3) to walk on the outside of your feet; 4) to walk on the inside of your feet; 5) slow run; 6)
forwards skipping; 7) backwards skipping; 8) side running while you cross your arms; 9) to run in a
zig-zag; 10) to run and touch the ground; 11) to run and jump; 12) to run backwards; 13) progressive
speed;…
JOINTS EXERCISES
NECK 1. Lateral flexion and extensión
2. Rotation
3. Circunduction
SHOULDERS 4. Forwards and backwards rotations
5. To open and close arms
ELBOWS 6. Flexion and extension
WRISTS 7. Rotation
UPPERBODY 8. Rotation
9. Circunduction
HIPS 10. Rotation
KNEES 11. Flexion and extensión
12. Lateral flexion and extensión
13. Rotation
14. To walk on the spot
ANKLES 15. Rotation
16. Flexion and extensión (ball and heel)
17. Lateral flexion and extensión (inside and
outside)
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4 9
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3. STRETCHING: the main muscles of the body are stretched. Remember to respect these 4 rules:
Some examples of stretching exercises are:
MORE IN…
www.estiramientos.es
5 6 7 9
STRETCHING OF... BODY ZONE
1. Sternocleidomastoid muscle Neck
2. Deltoids Shoulder
3. Triceps Arm
4. Pectoral Chest
5. Rectus abdominis Abdomen
6. Latissimus dorsi Lateral upperbody
7. Gluteus “Bottom”
8. Quadriceps Front thigh
9. Hamstrings Back thigh
10. Adductor Inside thigh
11. Gastrocnemius Leg (below back zone)
12. Soleus Leg (below back zone)
1
2
3 6 8 9
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And in the SPECIFIC STAGE: after the general warm-up the objective is to make some specific exer-
cises related to the sport to practise afterwards.
Examples:
And finally, in order to make an ideal warm-up, you should avoid these MISTAKES:
To make a very short time or a very long time warm-up.
Don´t respect the 4 rules stretching.
Don’t follow a specific order in the joint movements.
To wait more than 15 minutes between the warm-up and the physical activity to practise after this
one.
To make a warm-up of very low or very high intensity.
Etc.
BASKETBALL To bounce the ball, to shoot the ball towards the
hoop, to play 1 against 1,...
VOLLEYBALL
To do finger passes, to forearm passes, to practise
the serving, to practise the spike onto the Wall, to
play “1X2”,...
BADMINTON To practise the serving, to play 1 against 1, to prac-
tise the spike, ...
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UNIT 2: FOOTBALL
Football (Soccer) Rules
Football (Soccer) is one of the oldest sports in the world and with
that; it’s also one of the most recognised. The pinnacle of the in-
ternational game comes in the form the Football World Cup. The-
re are also tournament such as the Euro Championships, Copa
America and the African Cup of Nations. Domestically the stron-
gest leagues come from England (English Premier League),
Spain (La Liga), Italy (Serie A) and Germany (Bundesliga). In parts of the world the sport is also
known as Soccer.
Object of the Game
The aim of football is to score more goals then your opponent in a 90
minute playing time frame. The match is split up into two halves of 45
minutes. After the first 45 minutes players will take a 15 minute rest
period called half time. The second 45 minutes will resume and any
time deemed fit to be added on by the referee (injury time) will be ac-
cordingly.
Players & Equipment
Each team consists of 11 players. These are made up
of one goalkeeper and ten outfield players. The pitch
dimensions vary from each ground but are roughly
120 yards long and 75 yards wide. On each pitch
you will have a 6 yard box next to the goal mouth,
an 18 yard box surrounding the 6 yard box and a
centre circle. Each half of the pitch must be a mirror
image of the other in terms of dimensions.
Essentially the equipment that is needed for a soccer
match is pitch and a football. Additionally players
can be found wearing studded football boots, shin
pads and matching strips. The goalkeepers will additionally wear padded gloves as they are the only
players allowed to handle the ball. Each team will have a designated captain.
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Scoring
To score the ball must go into your opponent’s goal. The whole ball needs to be
over the line for it to be a legitimate goal. A goal can be scored with any part of
the body apart from the hand or arm up to the shoulder. The goal itself consists of
a frame measuring 8 feet high and 8 yards wide.
Winning the Game
To win you have to score more goals than that of your opponents. If the scores
are level after 90 minutes then the game will end as a draw apart from in cup ga-
mes where the game can go to extra time and even a penalty shootout to decide
the winner. Players must use their feet to kick the ball and are prohibited to use
their hands apart from goalkeepers who can use any part of their body within the
18 yard box (of which more can be found out in the next section).
Rules of Football (Soccer)
A match consists of two 45 minutes halves with a 15 minute rest period in between.
Each team can have a minimum off 11 players (including 1 goalkeeper who is the only player allo-
wed to handle the ball within the 18 yard box) and a minimum of 7 players are needed to constitute
a match.
The field must be made of either artificial or natural grass. The size of pitches is allowed to vary but
must be within 100-130 yards long and 50-100 yards wide. The pitch must also be marked with a
rectangular shape around the outside showing out of bounds, two six yard boxes, two 18 yard boxes
and a centre circle. A spot for a penalty placed 12 yards out of both goals and centre circle must al-
so be visible.
The ball must have a circumference of 58-61cm and be of a circular shape.
Each team can name up to 7 substitute players. Substitutions can be made at any time of the match
with each team being able to make a maximum of 3 substitutions per side. In the event of all three
substitutes being made and a player having to leave the field for injury the team will be forced to
play without a replacement for that player.
Each game must include one referee and two assistant referee’s (linesmen). It’s the job of the refe-
ree to act as time keeper and make any decisions which may need to be made such as fouls, free
kicks, throw ins, penalties and added on time at the end of each half. The referee may consult the
assistant referees at any time in the match regarding a decision. It’s the assistant referee’s job to
spot offside’s in the match (see below), throw ins for either team and also assist the referee in all
decision making processes where appropriate.
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If the game needs to head to extra time as a result of both teams being level in a match then 30 mi-
nutes will be added in the form of two 15 minute halves after the allotted 90 minutes.
If teams are still level after extra time then a penalty shootout must take place.
The whole ball must cross the goal line for it to constitute as a goal.
For fouls committed a player could receive either a yellow or red card depending on the severity of
the foul; this comes down to the referee’s discretion. The yellow is a warning and a red card is a
dismissal of that player. Two yellow cards will equal one red. Once a player is sent off then they
cannot be replaced.
If a ball goes out of play off an opponent in either of the side lines
then it is given as a throw in. If it goes out of play off an attacking
player on the base line then it is a goal kick. If it comes off a defen-
ding player it is a corner kick.
The Offside Rule in Football
Offside can be called when an attacking player is in front of the last defender when the pass is played
through to them. The offside area is designed to discourage players from simply hanging around the
opponent’s goal waiting for a pass. To be onside they must be placed behind the last defender when
the ball is played to them. If the player is in front of that last defender then he is deemed to be offside
and free kick to the defending team will be called.
A player cannot be caught offside in their own half. The goalkeeper does not count as a defender. If
the ball is played backwards and the player is in front of the last defender then he is deemed to be not
offside.
To finish with the football unit, you should know some vocabulary:
Field of Play. The game can be played on either natural or artificial surfaces, the surface must be gre-
en and rectangular in shape. The two long sides of the rectangle are called touch lines and the two
shorter sides are called goal lines. The field is divided in half by the halfway line.
Ball. Must be spherical, made of leather (or similar) 68-70 cm in circumference and of a certain pres-
sure.
Number of Players. Two teams of no more than 11 players (one of which is the goalkeeper). A ga-
me cannot start if either team has less than 7 players.
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Equipment. Players must wear a jersey, shorts, stockings, shinguards and foot-
wear.
Referee. The referee ensures the Laws of the Game are respected and upheld.
Assistant Referees. There may be at most 2 assistant referees.
Duration of the Match. The game is played in 2 halves consisting of 45 minutes each. The half
time interval must not exceed more than 15 minutes. At the discretion of the referee more time is
allowed to compensate for any stoppage during play e.g. Due to substitutions or care and attention
of injured players.
Start and Restart of Play. A kick-off starts play at the start of the match or after a goal. A kick-off
involves one player kicking the ball, from stationary, forward from the centre spot. All players must
be in their own half prior to kick-off. A coin is tossed pre-game, the team which loses the toss are
awarded the kick-off to start the game whilst the team that win the toss are allowed to choose which
direction they want to play. After half time the teams switch direction and the other team will kick-
off. After a goal is scored, the team which conceded the goal will kick-off to restart play.
Ball in and Out of Play. The ball is out of play once a goal has been scored or when the referee has
stopped the game. The ball is in play at all other times.
Method of Scoring. The ball crosses the goal line inside the goal mouth.
Offside. It is an offence for a player to be in contact with the ball when they are closer to the oppo-
nents' goal than both the ball and the second-last opponent. The offside rule exists to ensure there
are always opponents (generally the goal keeper and a defender) between a player receiving the ball
and the goal. Without the offside rule, play can become boring with repeated long balls being kic-
ked to a player stood next to the goalkeeper for an easy goal.
Fouls/Misconduct. These are many and varied, broadly speaking it is an offence to use excessive
force whilst playing the game either deliberately or undeliberately or to handle the ball (unless you
are a goal keeper). The referee may show the yellow card to caution players for less serious offen-
ces and the red card for more serious offences resulting in the player being sent off. Two yellow
cards are equivalent to one red card.
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Free Kicks. Are given by the referee for fouls and misconduct. A free kick can either be direct or indi-
rect. A goal can be scored directly from a direct free kick. A goal can only be scored from an indirect
free kick if it touches at least one other player first. The free kick must be taken from a stationary posi-
tion with that position varying depending on whether the free kick was given inside or outside the goal
area and whether it's direct or indirect. The opposing team must be a minimum of 9.15 m from the ball
when the free kick is taken.
Penalty Kicks. Are given against a team when they commit an offence which would normally be
awarded a direct free kick inside their goal area. The ball is kicked from stationary from the penalty
spot. The opposing team must be outside of the penalty area and at least 9.15 m from the ball.
Throw-in. Used to restart play after the whole of the ball has crossed the touch line.
Goal kick. Used to restart play after a goal has been scored.
Corner Kick. Is given when the whole of the ball crosses the goal line and was last touched by a mem-
ber of the defending team (and no goal was scored). A corner kick is taken from inside the corner arc
closest to the point where the ball crosses the goal line. The defending team must be at least 9.15 m
from the ball when the corner kick is taken.
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El beisbol es un deporte de equipo o colectivo en el que de manera oficial juegan dos equipos de
nueve jugadores, aunque nosotros nos adaptaremos al numero de personas que integran la clase. El
objetivo del juego es anotar mas carreras que el equipo oponente. El ganador será aquel equipo que
haya anotado el mayor numero de carreras al concluir el juego reglamentario (normalmente, 9 entra-
das).
TERRENO DE JUEGO:
El terreno de juego se divide en dos zonas:
a) Infield o “Diamante”: tiene forma de cuadrado y en
sus esquinas se sitúan las bases (1a,2a,3a) y la zona de
bateo y de llegada (base 4a o “home”). Todas las bases
están unidas por una línea.
En su parte central se encuentra una zona semicircular
ligeramente elevada desde donde lanza el “pichter” las
bolas para que sean bateadas.
b) Outfied: delimitado por la prolongación de las líneas que unen el “home” y la 1a y 3a base. Se ex-
tiende mas allá de la zona del diamante y su parte exterior tiene forma semicircular.
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UNIT 3. BASEBALL
9
Un equipo de beisbol esta compuesto oficialmente por nueve jugadores de campo, ocupando cada
uno de ellos una posición determinada. Los integrantes del equipo que defiende son los siguientes:
▪El lanzador o “pitcher”: pone la bola en juego lanzán-
dola hacia la meta o “home” para que sea bateada por el
bateador.
▪El receptor o “catcher”: recibe la bola y la devuelve
al lanzador a menos que el bateador logre golpear la bo-
la antes. El receptor defiende también la meta cuando un
corredor trata de anotar una carrera.
▪ Jugadores de base, situados cerca de las bases para
eliminar a los corredores cuando intentan avanzar alre-
dedor del diamante
▪ Jugadores exteriores son los responsables de atrapar
las bolas golpeadas hacia el outfield.
Mientras un equipo esta en el campo (defendiendo), el otro realiza su turno de bateo (ataca), siguiendo
sus jugadores un orden de bateo que hayan establecido con anterioridad.
Se consigue una carrera cuando un corredor pisa en orden y sin ser eliminado, en una o varias jugadas,
la 1ª base, la 2ª base, la 3ª base y la base 4ª o “home”.
► DESARROLLO DE UN PARTIDO:
Un partido de beisbol se desarrolla por entradas. Una entrada se compone de un turno de bateo y un
turno de defensa para cada equipo. Un partido oficial lo componen un total de 9 entradas, aunque no-
sotros jugaremos a menos entradas ya que estamos limitados por la duración de la clase.
Un partido de beisbol no puede acabar en empate. Si al acabar la ultima entrada hay un empate, se
continúan haciendo entradas adicionales hasta que se rompe el empate.
►DESARROLLO DE UNA ENTRADA:
Cuando el equipo defensor consigue eliminar a tres atacantes o cuando el equipo atacante ha realizado
5 carreras se dice que se ha acabado media entrada. Si esto ocurre, el equipo defensor pasa a ser ata-
cante y el atacante a ser defensor.
Cuando los dos equipos han atacado y defendido una vez, se dice que se ha acabado una entrada.
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LOS JUGADORES
DESARROLLO DEL JUEGO.....¿CÓMO SE JUEGA?
La bola se pone en juego cuando el lanzador o “pitcher” la dirige
hacia el bateador para que la golpee, pudiendo ocurrir diferentes
acciones dentro del juego que a continuación se detallan:
● STRIKE:
- Cuando un lanzamiento realizado por el pitcher pasa por la “zona
de strike” (situada entre la axila y la parte superior de las rodillas
del bateador) y no es golpeado por el bateador.
- Cuando una bola bateada se va fuera del campo bueno o no llega a
el. Si el bateador tiene dos strikes en su contra, el bateo fuera no
se contabiliza como strike, simplemente no se tiene en cuenta.
■ Un bateador que realiza 3 strikes, es eliminado.
● BOLA:
Son aquellos lanzamientos dirigidos fuera de la “zona de strike” que
el bateador no intente golpear. Si los golpea de forma fallida, se
consideraran strikes.
■ Un bateador que recibe 4 bolas avanza a primera base sin riesgo
a ser eliminado (base por bolas o walk).
¿ CÓMO SE ELIMINA A UN BATEADOR?
- Cuando el bateador realiza 3 strikes.
- Cuando un defensa atrapa una pelota bateada antes de
que esta toque el suelo (fly)
- Tocando un defensa la primera base con la pelota en
su poder antes de que esta sea pisada por el bateador.
- Tocando un defensa al bateador con la pelota cuando
el bateador intenta llegar a primera base.
¿ CÓMO AVANZA UN BATEADOR?
- Bateando a terreno bueno (el delimitado entre las líne-
as que parten del “home” y pasan por primera y por ter-
cera base) un lanzamiento y consiguiendo llegar a pri-
mera base sin ser eliminado.
- Por tener 4 bolas en su cuenta (se le concede la base)
- Si es golpeado con la bola lanzada por el pit-
cher (se le concede la 1a base)
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REGLAS ASOCIADAS AL LANZADOR O “PITCHER”, AL BATEADOR Y AL CORREDOR
.
¿ CÓMO ELIMINAR A UN CORREDOR?
(Consideraremos corredor a cualquier jugador atacante que empiece la jugada en una base y al
bateador en el momento que este pase de la primera base)
- Tocándolo un defensa con la pelota mientras esta fuera de una base
- Tocando un defensa en poder de la pelota la base a la que el corredor se dirige, siempre y cuando
sea un corredor obligado a correr.
Un corredor esta obligado a correr si ocupa una base que necesita un compañero que esta avanzando.
(Ej; si el bateador batea correctamente, el corredor de base 1 estaría obligado a correr)
OTRAS REGLAS A TENER EN CUENTA:
- Un corredor puede llegar a 1a base y pasarse de ella sin ser eliminado (siempre que no haga intención
de ir a segunda base).
- La 2a y 3a bases hay que pisarlas y no salirse de ellas, ya que si un jugador pisa pero es tocado con la
bola fuera de la base es eliminado.
- Si un jugador sale de la base antes de que la pelota sea bateada, dicho jugador es eliminado.
- Si la pelota es atrapada en el aire por el equipo defensor, el bateador es eliminado y los jugadores de-
ben volver a su base de origen antes de que ellos o su base sean tocados con la pelota.
- Cuando un jugador batea a campo bueno, siempre esta obligado a correr.
- El recorrido que une las bases debe de estar libre (ningún defensor sin pelota puede interponerse en
medio de él)
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FASES DEL JUEGO
EN ATAQUE: mi equipo esta al bate, soy atacante y DEBO:
Batear la pelota (sin ser eliminado) fuera del alcance de los jugadores del equipo defensor.
Avanzar (correr) una, dos, tres o todas las bases sin ser eliminado.
Anotar una carrera (puntuar).
EN DEFENSA: mi equipo esta en el campo, soy defensor y DEBO:
Eliminar a los jugadores del equipo adversario:
Cogiendo en el aire una pelota bateada.
Enviando la pelota al defensor de 1a base antes de que llegue el corredor que acaba de
Batear.
Tocando con la pelota a los contrarios fuera de la base.
Pisando con la pelota en una base hacia la que viene un corredor que esta obligado a correr.
ANEXO I. QUESTIONS FOR THE GAME SHOW
Unit 1: The warm-up
1. What is the warm-up?
2. Why is the warm-up so important?
3. Explain the three types of warm-up?
4. How many parts has got a general warm-up? Number and names.
5. How many parts has got a specific warm-up? Number and names.
6. In the joint movement stage, what is the goal (objective)?
7. In the activation stage, what is the goal (objective)?
8. In the stretching stage, what is the goal (objective)?
9. Name 10 exercises of the joint movement stage.
10. Name 10 exercises of the activation stage.
11. Name 5 exercises of the stretching stage.
12. Explain the 4 rules to stretch.
13. In the specific stage, what is the goal (objective)? Explain 3 examples.
14. When we make a warm-up we must avoid some mistakes, explain 4 of them.
Unit 2: Football
15. Cita el nombre de las ligas más fuertes
16. ¿Cómo se conoce también al fútbol en algunas partes del mundo?
17. Which is the aim in football?
18. ¿Cuánto dura un partido de fútbol?¿Cuántas partes tiene? ¿Puede el árbitro añadir más tiempo?
¿Por qué?
19. How many players has a football team?
20. Tell me the name of players and where are situated in the playing field
21. How many substitutions can make every team?
22. ¿Cuándo se produce un corner?
23. ¿Cuándo se produce un fuera de juego?
24. Know the different vocabulary.
Unit 3: Baseball
25. Dibuja un campo de beisbol y sitúa dentro de el a los jugadores, indicando el nombre que reciben
cada uno de ellos según su función dentro del equipo.
26. En que casos se elimina al bateador del juego?
27. ¿Qué tiene que ocurrir para que un bateador avance a base 1 sin llegar a batear la bola?
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28. Si el pitcher le lanza la bola mal al bateador, pero este la batea, .¿qué se ha producido?
29. ¿Qué tiene que ocurrir para que un equipo pase de estar atacando a estar defendiendo?
30. ¿Qué materiales son necesarios para jugar a beisbol?
31. ¿Cuándo se elimina a un corredor?
32. Busca qué es un “Home Run” y explícalo con tus palabras.
33. ¿Con qué nombre se conoce al deporte similar al beisbol practicado principalmente por chicas?
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ANEXO II. PRINCIPALES HUESOS DEL CUERPO HUMANO
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ANEXO III. PRINCIPALES MÚSCULOS DEL CUERPO HUMANO
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