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Forsvaretsforskningsinstitutt
Experience from the NATO exerciseExperience from the NATO exercise STRONG RESOLVE 2002STRONG RESOLVE 2002
(a) The Maritime Component(a) The Maritime Component bby Richard Olsen, FFIy Richard Olsen, FFI
(a) The Land Component(a) The Land Component bby Pål Bjerke, FFIy Pål Bjerke, FFI
Forsvaretsforskningsinstitutt
Experience from the NATO exerciseExperience from the NATO exercise STRONG RESOLVE 2002STRONG RESOLVE 2002
The Maritime ComponentThe Maritime Component bby Richard Olseny Richard Olsen
Norwegian Defence Research EstablishmentNorwegian Defence Research Establishment
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NRLStennis Space Center, MI
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Temp & Sound Speed
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Surface Current / Temp.FRONT EDDY
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RADARSAT 9 March
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Future work Development of tailored METOC data to the Norwegian
forces is only just starting. Will continue to develop analysis and forecast products for
direct use in C2I systems (MCCIS, NORCCIS II), electronic chart displays (WECDIS), as well as in support tools such as sonar performance prediction tools (LYBIN).
Closer integration of DNMI and operational HQ will be necessary to meet future requirements for METOC data. Could result in DIANA being available at operational HQ.
Transfers of data from unclassified networks to classified NATO systems remains a challenge – but needs to be resolved if METOC info is to be delivered effectively to deployed units
Forsvaretsforskningsinstitutt
Experience from the NATO exerciseExperience from the NATO exercise STRONG RESOLVE 2002STRONG RESOLVE 2002
The Land ComponentThe Land Component bby Pål Bjerkey Pål Bjerke
Norwegian Defence Research EstablishmentNorwegian Defence Research Establishment
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- Participated in the NATO exercise- Participated in the NATO exercise STRONG RESOLVE 2002 with emphasise on :STRONG RESOLVE 2002 with emphasise on :
• QUICKBIRD images (0.7 m resolution)QUICKBIRD images (0.7 m resolution)
• Resolutions beyond what are available fromResolutions beyond what are available from commercial satellite images (aerial images)commercial satellite images (aerial images)
- In 2000/01 satellite images from the 1 meterIn 2000/01 satellite images from the 1 meter commercial photo satellite IKONOS was evaluatedcommercial photo satellite IKONOS was evaluated
- FFI has been working with commercial satelliteFFI has been working with commercial satellite images for military use since 1989images for military use since 1989
BackgroundBackground
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NATO exercise ”STRONG RESOLVE 2002”NATO exercise ”STRONG RESOLVE 2002”
Total exercise areaTotal exercise area Landpart exercise areaLandpart exercise area
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Aerial photos aquired for the exerciseAerial photos aquired for the exercise
0.50 m0.50 mresolutionresolution
Each rectangle covers the central part of the land-exerciseEach rectangle covers the central part of the land-exercise
0.10 m0.10 mresolutionresolution
0.25 m0.25 mresolutionresolution
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Comparison of resolutionComparison of resolution
0.25 m0.25 mresolutionresolution
0.50 m0.50 mresolutionresolution
0.10 m0.10 mresolutionresolution
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Software for geometric corrections (ERDAS)Software for geometric corrections (ERDAS)
Imageto
correct
Geometricalreference
e. g. a map
List ofreferencepositions
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3D visualization of terrain3D visualization of terrain
A Ortophoto
B
C
D
A
B Pseudo-colored elevationmodel
C Aerial image overlayed elevationmodell
D Aerial image overlayed elevationmodell with buildings raised and features colored
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LANDSATLANDSAT32 m resolution32 m resolution
© USGS
Increased resolution in satellite imagesIncreased resolution in satellite images(Litsa-fiord on the Kola-peninsula)(Litsa-fiord on the Kola-peninsula)
SPOTSPOT10 m resolution10 m resolution
© SPOT Image
IKONOSIKONOS1 m resolution1 m resolution
© SpaceImaging
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Satellite images taken during the exerciseSatellite images taken during the exercise
IKONOS 1 m resolutionWednesday March 13. at 11:17 GMT
QUICKBIRD 0.7 m resolutionThursday March 14. at 10:47 GMT
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Situation on Thursday March 14. at 0800 GMTSituation on Thursday March 14. at 0800 GMT
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Command post for Spanish batalionCommand post for Spanish batalionIKONOS
COMMANDPOST
TENTS VEHICLES
AMERICANUNIT
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QUICKBIRD
COMMANDPOST
TENTS VEHICLES
AMERICANUNIT
Command post for Spanish batalionCommand post for Spanish batalion
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QUICKBIRD
DEFENCEDEFENCEPOSITIONPOSITION
DEFENCEDEFENCEPOSITIONPOSITION
25 cm AERIAL PHOTO
From north From south
Defence positions for Spanish batalionDefence positions for Spanish batalion
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QUICKBIRDIKONOS
German communication postGerman communication post
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QUICKBIRD
CV-90 ?
NM-142 ?
LEOPARD ?
LEOPARD ?
LEOPARD ?
LEOPARD ?
CV-90 ? NM-142 ?
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QUICKBIRD
AmericanAmericanLARLAR
(Light armoured reconnaisance)(Light armoured reconnaisance)
unitunit
Increased dynamicIncreased dynamicrange ofrange of
2048 graylevels2048 graylevelsmakes it possiblemakes it possible
to see objectsto see objectsin the shadein the shade
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IKONOS 1 m resolution
AERIAL PHOTO0.5 m resolution
AERIAL PHOTO0.1 m resolution
AERIAL PHOTO0.1 m resolution
Recognition throughRecognition throughimproved resolutionimproved resolution
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ConclusionConclusion
- Increasing resolution in satellite images from 1 mIncreasing resolution in satellite images from 1 m to 0.7 m does not add significant information.to 0.7 m does not add significant information.
- Because of the snow, tracks of almost any activity- Because of the snow, tracks of almost any activity outside the road were shown in a revealing way.outside the road were shown in a revealing way.
- The low sunangel produced long shadows, making singel- The low sunangel produced long shadows, making singel small objects to appear, and making clusters of objectssmall objects to appear, and making clusters of objects to vanish in each other shadows.to vanish in each other shadows.
- Satellite images and aerial photos are not in much useSatellite images and aerial photos are not in much use in Norway for military planning. Probably there arein Norway for military planning. Probably there are personell out there who could gain on that kind ofpersonell out there who could gain on that kind of information. The job is to find them !information. The job is to find them !
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