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Webinar Series Supported by IEA Bioenergy Task 44
Fri 10 July02.00 pm AEST
Flexible bioenergy systems in the Ag sector with a focus on digestate utilisation
Amy PhilbrookAustralian representative on IEA Bioenergy Task 44
and a board director of Bioenergy Australia
Richard GormanCEO of Kalfresh, a vertically integrated
vegetable farming packing and marketing business
Rasmus EistedExperienced senior expert on Circular Economy and Waste Management in the Danish
Environmental Protection Agency
Ian RoweTechnology manager within the bioenergy technologies
office at the U.S. Department of Energy
Fri 10 July02.00 pm AEST
Flexible Bioenergy and System Integration
Amy Philbrook
Webinar Series
Flexible bioenergy systems in the Ag sector with a focus on digestate utilisation
Supported by IEA Bioenergy Task 44
IEA Bioenergy, also known as the Technology Collaboration Programme (TCP) for a Programme of Research, Development and Demonstration on Bioenergy, functions within a Framework created by the International Energy Agency (IEA). Views, findings and publications of IEA Bioenergy do not necessarily represent the views or policies of the IEA Secretariat or of its individual Member countries.
Task 44Flexible bioenergy and system integration
Flexible bioenergy systems in the Ag sector
Amy Philbrook Australian representative on IEA Bioenergy Task 44
www.ieabioenergy.com
Bioenergy Australia and IEA Bioenergy Tasks
Task 36: Material and Energy valorisation of waste in a Circular Economy -represented by Daniel Roberts
Task 37: Energy from Biogas - represented by Bernadette McCabe
Task 39: Commercialising Conventional and Advanced Liquid Biofuels from Biomass - represented by Steve Rogers
Task 42: Biorefining in a future BioEconomy - represented by Geoff Bell
Task 43: Biomass Feedstocks for Energy Markets - represented by Mark Brown
Task 44: Flexible Bioenergy and System Integration - represented by Amy Philbrook
Task 45: Climate and Sustainability Effects of Bioenergy within the Broader Bioeconomy - represented by Annette Cowie
www.ieabioenergy.com
Member states Australia Austria Finland Germany Ireland The Netherlands Sweden Switzerland USA
IEA Bioenergy Task 44:”Flexible bioenergy and system integration”
• operate as a key element in the coupling of different energy sectors;
• provide low-carbon energy to complement wind and solar (residual load and grid stabilisation);
• store electricity chemically into fuels to enable more efficient use of wind and solar;
• provide sustainable fuels for sectors where other decarbonisation options are not available or exceedingly expensive;
• provide high temperature heat to industry, and low temperature heat for buildings (and sanitary water) during dark and cold seasons;
• coproduce heat, electricity, fuels and other products in a single high-efficiency processing plant.
Fri 10 July 02.00 pm AEST
Kalfresh Bioenergy Facility: transforming agriculture through anaerobic digestion
Richard Gorman
Webinar Series
Flexible bioenergy systems in the Ag sector with a focus on digestate utilisation
Supported by IEA Bioenergy Task 44
Case Study: Transforming Agriculture through Anaerobic Digestion
Richard Gorman - Kalfresh Pty Ltd
Presented to Bioenergy Australia Webinar Series – 10 July 2020
v
DIVERSIFICATION & REGIONAL SUSTAINABILITYThe Precinct will create a hub for value-added food & beverage production in the Scenic Rim.
Access to rural industrial land where the raw ingredientsgrow
Faster turnaround from paddock to plate Delivers Renewable Energy to precinct tenants Reduced Food Miles Operational Efficiencies Agricultural Diversification Greater Demand for Australian-grown produce Export Opportunities
JOBS & INVESTMENT
CAPACITY | LOCATION | NATURAL RESOURCES
Kalfresh Case Study: Transforming Agriculture through Anaerobic Digestion
v
WONKY CARROTS & UNRELIABLE POWER Australian horticulture faces some big challenges• Operating costs are rising. Margins are shrinking• We must do more with less• Food Waste due to out-of-spec produce - a growing and real problem• Consumer Trend is for prepared, ready-to-eat vegetable products• Processed vegetables require sophisticated machinery + stable power
HOW CAN WE FARM SMARTER?This question led us to Anaerobic Digesters in Europe and America.
Ticks many Boxes Vegetable Waste management Reliable baseload power Energy crop revenue for farms Digestate to replace synthetic fertiliser
THE CHALLENGES FACING HORTICULTURE
Kalfresh Case Study: Transforming Agriculture through Anaerobic Digestion
v
WHY CO-DIGESTION?The Bioenergy Facility is pivotal to the commercial success of the Agricultural Precinct
Delivers renewable energy to Agricultural Precinct tenants
Low-cost Grid Connection in Regional Area
Power that’s independent of geography & season
Baseload Power 24/7
Waste Diversion: Urban & Agricultural
Multiple Revenue Streams
Waste Receival + Fertiliser
Reliable Supply at peak times
Scaleable as Precinct is fully developed
RENEWABLE ENERGY
v
Consumes excess CHP Thermal Heat
Captures beneficial bacteria
Custom, crop-specific pellets
Simple to dose
Low-impact, reduces ground compaction & wages in
field
Beneficial bacteria works 3 to 4 times better when
delivered via pellets
Multiplier Effect: Allows stabilised bacteria to colonise
the soil to further enhance carbon
Allows farmers to provide crops with more nutrition than
they could normally afford
Creates opportunity for regional jobs & investment
AGRICULTURAL INNOVATIONWhile what we are proposing is happening overseas, it is new for Australian agriculture.
v
Co-Digestion & Fertiliser Model unique in Australia
Diverts urban & agricultural waste
Closes the Loop of waste streams
Generates affordable renewable power
Adds Value to digestate, an AD waste product
Utilises Heat output
Marries bacteria with its food source
Efficient, low-impact delivery
Bespoke organic nutrient
COMMERCIAL INNOVATION
Kalfresh Case Study: Transforming Agriculture through Anaerobic Digestion
The Digestor / Fertiliser Model is attractive as it delivers multiple benefits to rural & regional Australia.
v
The Carbon Abatement potential of our proposal delivers innovation to the Australian renewable energy landscape.
Opportunity for significant reduction in Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Co-digestion removes grease trap waste from urban environment
Bio-fertiliser replaces synthetic fertilisers made using fossil fuels
Carbon capture in soil + above ground biomass
Reverses soil degradation
Returns farmland to a healthy, productive state
Decarbonises food manufacturing
CARBON ABATEMENT
Kalfresh Case Study: Transforming Agriculture through Anaerobic Digestion
Webinar Series Supported by IEA Bioenergy Task 44
Fri 10 July02.00 pm AEST
Flexible bioenergy systems in the Ag sector with a focus on digestate utilisation
Fri 10 July 02.00 pm AEST
Regulation and monitoring of physical impurities in biomass
Rasmus Eisted
Webinar Series
Flexible bioenergy systems in the Ag sector with a focus on digestate utilisation
Supported by IEA Bioenergy Task 44
Regulation and Monitoring of Physical Impurities in biomass
Bioenergy Australia Webinar
Rasmus Eisted10 July 2020
Denmark - Basic Numbers
• Area: 16,600 mi2• - 440 islands, 70 inhabited
• Population: 5.8 million
• Households: 2.5 million• Registered businesses: >420,000
• 5 regions• 98 municipalities
• 5 largest cities• - Copenhagen, Aarhus, Odense, Aalborg, Vejle
/ Environmental Protection Agency21
Danish waste plans and strategies
14 March 2019/ Environmental Protection Agency22
Waste prevention& management plan
2013 2015 2015 2017 2018
present
20202019
The Danish waste model
- Following the principles in the waste hierarchy
- State tax on waste:• Tax on landfill: $ 70 per tonne (2020)• Tax on incineration: $ 49 per tonne (2020)• Tax on recycling: No tax
- A combination of administrative measures and regulations as well as economic measures such as taxes and duties.
/ Environmental Protection Agency23
Prevention
Reuse
Recycling
Recovery
Landfill
The Danish Waste Model
/ Environmental Protection Agency24
Hou
seho
lds
Mun
icip
alsc
hem
eBu
sine
sses
Priv
ate
sche
me
WasteGeneration
WasteCollection
WastePre-treatment
WasteTreatment Output
Households
Service sector
C&D
Agriculture
Door-to-door
Private collectors
Separationby
pulping, hammer mill
etc.
AnaerobicDigestion
Incineration
Fertilizer
Secondaryraw materials
Biogas
Separate collection of organic waste (from kitchen)
/ Environmental Protection Agency25
Municipalities that had separate collection of organic waste by November 1st 2017
No collection of organic wasteSingle family and apartments (composting)Only apartments (biogas)Only single family (biogas)Single family and apartments (biogas)Mandatory municipal
collection scheme for source separation and collection of organic waste from households by summer 2023.
App. 50 % of the municipalities have separate collection of organic waste.
Feedstock Quality
Farming manure – no physical impurities
Food waste from service sector – some physical impurities
Industrial food waste – few physical impurities
Households – the challenge…..
/ Environmental Protection Agency26
The bio waste value chain
/ Environmental Protection Agency27
Biogas
RejectIncineration
Households
Businesses
Farmers
Pretreatment AnaerobicDigestion
Bio Fertilizer
Recycling
Biogas
Quality Control
/ Environmental Protection Agency28
Regulation on monitoring biopulp from organic household waste and food waste from service sector and industry. Statutory Order on use of waste on farmland, no. 1001, 27th
June 2018.
Guidance on sampling for physical impurities in the pretreated biopulp of 24th July 2018.
• Daily sampling mixed to monthly sample.
Content limits:
Plastic, glass og composite materials, > 2 mm: 0.5 weight % of dry matter
Plastic, > 2 mm: 0.15 weight % of dry matter & 1 cm2 / % dry matter in 1 liter biopulp.
Quality Control
/ Environmental Protection Agency29
Sampling
Households
Businesses
Farmers
Pretreatment AnaerobicDigestion
Bio Fertilizer
Recycling
Reject
Biogas
Thank you
Dr. Rasmus Eistedreist@mst.dk
+45 2091 7213
/ Environmental Protection Agency30
Webinar Series Supported by IEA Bioenergy Task 44
Fri 10 July02.00 pm AEST
Flexible bioenergy systems in the Ag sector with a focus on digestate utilisation
Fri 10 July 02.00 pm AEST
Flexible bioenergy solutions for increasing the carbon conversion efficiency of
anaerobic digestionIan Rowe
Webinar Series
Flexible bioenergy systems in the Ag sector with a focus on digestate utilisation
Supported by IEA Bioenergy Task 44
Flexible bioenergy solutions for increasing the carbon conversion efficiency of
anaerobic digestion
Ian Rowe10 July 2020
Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy
Bioenergy Technologies Office
• Develop ways to use our abundant renewable biomass resources to make biofuels and biobased products which are classically derived from petroleum
• Feedstocks for making biofuels and bioproducts:• Non-food sources of biomass, such as algae, agricultural
residues and forestry trimmings, and energy crops like switchgrass and miscanthus.
• Wet wastes, such as biosolids, fats, oils and grease and food and animal waste
• Municipal solid wastes• Waste gases, such as CO2
Expanding view of renewable carbon resources
Bioenergy Technologies Office structure
• $240M in FY20 funding• Funds applied R&D work at DOE national labs
and in the private sector/academia
• Divided into 5 Technology Programs:• Feedstock Supply and Logistics• Advanced Algal Systems• Conversion• Demonstration and Market Transformation• Analysis and Sustainability
Opportunities for bioenergy in a low-carbon grid of the future
1) Dispatchable 2) Demand-side flexibility 3) Energy storage
Methanation
AD providing dispatchability, demand-side flexibility, and storage
Anaerobic digestion
Biomass
Baseload
Electrolysis
Demand sideflexibility
(curtailment)
HydrogenenhancementFlexibility
AD providing bioflexibilityAn Advanced Pretreatment/Anaerobic Digestion (ADAP) Technology for Increased Conversion of Sewage Sludge to Nio-Natural Gas in Small Scall Wastewater Plants -Washington State Univ (Birgitte Ahring, PI)
Two major innovations:
1) An advanced wet oxidation/steam explosion pretreatment of undigested solids from a primary AD to increase carbon conversion efficiency
2) An immobilized bioreactor for biomethanation of the CO2 within the biogas stream
End goal: 70%+ of carbon converted to CH4
AD providing bioflexibility
Novel and Viable Technologies for Converting Wet Organic Waste Streams to High Value Products – SUNY Albany (Yanna Liang, PI)
Three major innovations:
1) Thermal hydrolysis + sonication of waste stream to increase lability
2) Liquid/Liquid extraction of AD reactor to remove VFAs prior to methanogenesis
3) MFC + MES system to convert CO2 to additional VFA
End goal: 50% increase of carbon conversion efficiency
Biogas upgrading via biomethanation for energy storage
Contact us
Ian RoweTechnology Manager | Bioenergy Technologies Office U.S. Department of Energyo. 202-586-7720 | Ian.Rowe@ee.doe.gov
@PowerhouseRowe
Questions?
Fri 10 July 02.00 pm AEST
Webinar Series
Flexible bioenergy systems in the Ag sector with a focus on digestate utilisation
Supported by IEA Bioenergy Task 44
Presentations will be circulated to attendees after the webinar.
THANK YOU!
Fri 10 July02.00 pm AEST
Webinar Series
Flexible bioenergy systems in the Ag sector with a focus on digestate utilisation
Supported by IEA Bioenergy Task 44
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