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7/30/2019 Fuel Cell Presentation P26!31!7!1!2013
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Fuel Cell
Auxiliary Power Systemand Derivative
Applications
By: BAN Vanny &
HOUR Sokaon
1
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Content: Application, Demonstration and status
1.8.1. Station Electric Power
1.8.2. Distributed Generation
1.8.3. Vehicle Motive Power
1.8.4. Space and Other Closed Environment Power
1.8.5. Auxiliary Power Systems
1.8.6. Derivative Application
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1.8.5. Auxiliary Power Systems
(APUs) : are devices that provide all or part of the
non-propulsion for vehicles.
High-profile fuel cell: automotive propulsion and
distributed power generation.
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The application of APUs
Heavy Duty Trucks
Airplanes
Trains
Ships
Recreation Vehicles
Automobile
1.8.5. Auxiliary Power Systems
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Fuel Cells can serve as a generator, battery charger and
heat supply.
It can adapt the most environments in Arctic and
Antarctic region.
Prototype Fuel Cell has the same size and delivers the
same power as a batter.
1.8.5. Auxiliary Power Systems
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1- System Performance Requirements
2- Technology Status
3- System Configuration and Technology Issues
4- Cost Considerations
5- SOFC Cost Structure
6- Outlook and Conclusion
1.8.5. Auxiliary Power Systems
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1.8.5. Auxiliary Power Systems
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Fuel Cell APUs will have to operate on gasoline, diesel
for the heavy truck.
Fuel Cell APUs should be water sufficient.
In station operation, fuel cell APUs must be able to
provide power rapidly after start-up and follow the loads,
so it is the competitive point to the internal combustion
engine.
1- System Performance Requirements
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Several researcher and developers are being
developed on residential PEFC power system
because it can be adapted for APU application
and most applications are transportation.
Few developers have paid attention to create
SOFC APUs that the most applications are on
small to medium sized generation.
2- Technology Status
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3- System Configuration and Technology Issues
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Overview of subsystems and components for PEFC system
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Overview of subsystems and components for SOFC and PEFC system
3- System Configuration and Technology Issues
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Fuel Cell APUs consists of a fuel processor, a
stack system and balance of plant.
Main issue for component of PEFC system is to
minimize or eliminate the use of external supplied
water.
3- System Configuration and Technology Issues
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Main component of SOFC APU are the fuel cell stack,
fuel processor, thermal management system and
balance of plant.
SOFC is operated in the high temperature (600-850 0C),
and high temperature recuperators are required to
maintain system efficiency, so recuperators consists
of expensive materials.
3- System Configuration and Technology Issues
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New class product, total cost of ownership and operation of
the system is a critical factor in the commercialization.
All the components cost include: fuel cost, other operating
costs such as maintenance cost and the first cost of
equipment.
4- Cost Considerations
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The estimated manufacturing cost of SOFC APUs could be
5- SOFC Cost Structure
comparable to SOFC APUs system, while providing higher
system efficiency.
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Both PEFC and SOFC have the potential to meet
allowable cost targets and prove the technology.
Small capacity market and high production volumes
are commercially successful.
APUs application have to perform and demonstrate
the long life.
6- Outlook and Conclusion
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Fuel Cell attraction use in small portable units,
ranging in size from 5 W or smaller 100 W, IFC
military backpack.
IFC and Praxair Inc., venture to develop a unit
that converts natural gas to 99.99% pure hydrogen.
1.8.6. Derivative Applications
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Q & A
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S
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Summary
Electrolyte: is a liquid or gel that contain ions. Commonly,
electrolytes are solutions of acids, bases, or salts. Primary ionsof electrolytes are Na+, K+, Ca+, Mg+, Cl-, HPO4+.
Low Temperature: all the fuel cell must be converted to H priorto entering the fuel cell.
High Temperature: Fuel Cell, CO and CH4 can internallyconverted to H or directly oxidized electrochemically.
Electrochemically (cell): device capable of either derivingelectrical energy from chemical reactionsl
Anode Catalyst in low temperature fuel cell (mainly Platinum) is
strongly poisoned by CO. Direct Alcohol FC or Direct Methanol FC: use Alcohol.
Direct Carbon FC: Solid Carbon is used directly in anode.
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S
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Summary
Electrode ( in an electrochemical cell) is referred to as either
anode or cathode. Anode: defined as the electrode at which electrons leave the
cell and oxidation occurs.
Cathode: defined as the electrode at which electrons enter the
cell and reduction occurs. Each Electrode: anode or cathode depending on the direction of
current through the cell.
Catalyst: is a substance which causes the process of catalysis.
Catalysis: is the change in rate of a chemical reaction due to theparticipation of a substance called catalyst.
Charge carrier: are ions, atoms or molecules that have gained orlost electron, so they are electrically charged.
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Summary
AFC: 2 electrodes are separated by porous matrix saturated
with an aqueous alkaline solution, such as KOH. AqueousAlkaline solutions do not reject CO2, so FC becomepoisoned through conversion KOH to K2CO3.
AFC operates on pure O2 , so Poison should be removed as
much as possible.
Fuel Cell ShipHYDRAused an AFC system with 6.5 kW netoutput and efficiency 70%.
PAFC: Reaction:
Anode reaction: 2H 4H++ 4e
Cathode reaction: O(g) + 4H++ 4e 2HO
Overall cell reaction: 2 H + O 2HO
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Summary
MCFC: electron from H2 (anode side) produce electricity
and combined with O2 from air and CO2 recycle from usedfuel, so the molecules form carbonate ion CO3 andcarbonate ion move through electrode and combine withprotons to maintain the charge balance. This is possible if
the electrolyte is very hot 600 0C.
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