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لعربيةهيئة التقييس لدول مجلس التعاون لدول الخليج ا
GCC Standardization Organization (GSO)
تحديث مواصفة مشروع نهائي
Updated Standard
Final Draft
GSO 7/ FDS 1785:2012
Prepared by GSO Sub-committee No. TC 07/SC01
اخليزيوت تزييت محركات االحتراق الد
Lubricating Oils for Internal Combustion Engines
ICS: 75.100
Prepared by
Gulf Technical committee for Oil & Gas Industry ______________________________________________________________________________________
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT GSO STANDARD CIRCULATED FOR COMMENT. IT IS,
THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND MAY NOT BE REFERRED TO AS GSO STANDARD
UNTIL APPROVED BY THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS.
1
GSO STANDARD GSO 1785 /2012
Foreword
GCC Standardization Organization (GSO) is a regional Organization which
consists of the National Standards Bodies of GCC member States. One of
GSO main functions is to issue Gulf Standards / Technical regulations
through specialized technical committees (TCs).
GSO through the technical program of committee TC No7 "Gulf Technical
committee for Oil & Gas Industry" has updated the Gulf technical
Regulation No. GSO 1785:2007 “Lubricating Oils for Internal Combustion
Engines" The Updated Standard has been prepared by (UNITED ARAB
EMIRATES) this will withdrawn and replace GSO 1785:2007.
The draft has been prepared based on relevant, International and National
Standards and references.
This technical Regulation has been approved as a Gulf (Standard / Technical
Regulation) by GSO Board of Directors in its meeting No. ( ), held on
/ / H, / / G. The approved standard will replace and
supersede the GSO standard N.( / ).
تقديمهيئة التقييس لدول مجلس التعاون لددول الللديا العيةيدة هيئدة ميليميدة ت دض يده دويتةا ا جةد
ة للمواصددد اا والمقددداييس يددده دول الللددديا العيةيدددة ئ ومدددن مةددداض الةيئدددة م دددداد المواصددد اا الوطنيددد . القياسية اللليجية ةواسطة لجان ينية متلصصة
ويد ياما هيئة التقييس لدول مجلس التعاون لدول اللليا العيةية من ةيناما مل اللجنة ال نية اللليجيدة الالئحدة ال نيدةةتحددي "نفا صالغة اةن ةة الة اللجنة الفنيةة لقاة م اصااةف "( 1)ييضدولددددة اامدددداياا )مددددن يةدددل " يددددوا ت ييدددا محيتدددداا اخحتدددديا الددددالله" GSO1785/2007ييدددض
ويدددد تدددض م دددداد الماددديوض ةعدددد اسدددتعياي المواصددد اا القياسدددية العيةيدددة وا جنةيدددة ( العيةيدددة المتحدددد .الميجعية ذاا الصلةياجع ا ليى والدولية والم
GSO 1785/2007تحل المواص ة المحدثة وتلغه المواص ة وسوفيده اجتمداض مجلدس مداي الةيئدة لليجيدة ( خئحدة ينيدة/ يياسدية ) تمواص ةويد ا تمدا هذه المواص ة
. ض/ / هد ئ المواي / / ئ الذي قد ةتاييخ ) (ييض
2
GSO STANDARD GSO 1785 /2012
Lubricating Oils for Internal Combustion Engines
1. Scope And Field of Application The Gulf standard is concerned with lubricating oils for internal combustion
engines suitable for gasoline and diesel engine services excluding marine
application.
2. Complementary References*
2.1 GSO 126/1990 “Methods of Sampling lubricating Oils”.
2.2 GSO ISO 3987:2011 “Petroleum products - Lubricating oils and
additives - Determination of sulfated ash”
2.3 GSO 873/1997 “Determination of Apparent Viscosity for Engine Oils
at Low Temperature Using the Cold Crank Simulator”.
2.4 GSO896/1997 “Determination of Phosphorous Content in Lubricating
Oils and Additives”.
2.5 GSO1078/2003 “Determination of Kinematic Viscosity and Dynamic
Viscosity for Petroleum Products”..
2.6 GSO ISO 2909/2008 “Calculation of Viscosity Index from Kinematic
Viscosity”.
2.7 GSO ISO 3771/2011 “Determination of Base Number-Perchloric
Acid Potentiometric Titration Method”.
2.8 GSO ISO 6247/2008 “Determination of Foaming Characteristics of
Lubricating Oils”.
3. Definition 3.1 Mineral Base oil: Petroleum product produced after refining,
(separating fuel distillates) by extracting asphalt, aromatics, resins,
unstable materials, wax and moisture to improve its characteristics.
Also it can be separate mineral oil base types according to whether
they are Conventional or hydro-processed. Conventional base oils are
refined using traditional methods (applying chemicals) and tend to
leave undesirables behind, such as sulfur, oxygen, nitrogen and carbon
3
GSO STANDARD GSO 1785 /2012
compounds, and trace metals. These can affect the performance of the
oil.
Mineral base oils that have been hydro-processed have undergone
additional, more advanced refining processes than their conventional
counterparts. The name "hydro-processed" is derived from the fact
that refineries use hydrogen reactions (in a process known as hydro-
cracking) to remove impurities. When base oils are subjected to even
more hydroprocessing, they attain the status of “severe”
hydroprocessed oils, which means they contain minimal amounts of
impurities.
Hydro-isomerized mineral oils reconstruct cracked waxes into
branched paraffin’s. This technology is growing globally to meet
global standards for lubricants.
3.2 Base stock: Mineral or synthetic oil or mixture of both.
3.3 Additives: Chemical materials designed to be mixed with base stocks
to enhance its performance properties.
3.4 Lubrication: The act of adding lubricating oil to reduce friction and
wear between the moving parts, to control the increase in temperature
rise caused by the friction, to minimize corrosion and to remove
residues resulting from internal combustion.
4. Classification
Lubricating oils are classified according to their viscosity and
performance as follows:
4.1 Classification according to viscosity
Lubricating oils are classified according to viscosity based on SAE
classification (see Table 1).
Multigrade oils are the combination of winter (W) and summer
grades.
4.2 Classification according to performance
Lubricating oils are classified according to performance based on API
classification (see Table 2& Table 3).
Multigrade oils are the combination of winter (W) and summer
grades.
4
GSO STANDARD GSO 1785 /2012
4.2.1 Service categories for passenger car oils:
The lubricants covered by these categories are for gasoline
passenger cars, some trucks and off-highway equipment. (Service
category “S”).
Note: The letter following service category “S” indicates the performance
category of the oils.
4.2.1.1. SJ-1997 Gasoline Engine Service Category SJ was adopted in 1996 to describe engine oil and was
first mandated in 1997. It is for use in service typical of gasoline
engines in present and earlier passenger cars, van and light trucks
operating under vehicle manufacturer’s recommended maintenance
procedures. Oils meeting API SJ requirement have been tested
according to The American Chemistry Council (ACC) Product
Approval Code of Practice and may utilize the API base oil
interchange and viscosity grade engine testing guidelines. (They
may be used where API Service Obsolete Categories SH and earlier
categories are recommended). Note: SJ represents the minimum category used in this gulf standard.
4.2.1.2. SL-2001 Gasoline Engine Service Category SL was adopted to describe engine oils for use in 2001.
These oils are use in service typical of gasoline engines in present
and earlier passenger cars, sport utility vehicles, vans and light
trucks operating under vehicle manufacturers, recommended
maintenance procedure. Engine oils that meet API service category
SL requirements have been tested according to the American
Chemistry Council (ACC) Product Approval Code of Practice and
may utilize the API Base Oil Interchange and Viscosity Grade
Engine Testing Guidelines. They may be used where API Service
Category SJ and earlier categories are recommended.
4.2.1.3. SM-2005 Gasoline Engine Service Category SM was adopted for use in describing engine oils available
in 2004. These oils are for use in service of gasoline engines in
current and earlier passenger cars, sport utility vehicles, vans, and
light-duty trucks operating under vehicle manufacturers
recommended maintenance procedures.
Engine oils that the API Service Category SM designation may be
used where API Service Category SL and earlier S categories have
been recommended.
5
GSO STANDARD GSO 1785 /2012
Engine oils meeting API Service Category SM requirements have
been tested according to American chemistry Council (ACC)
Product Approval Code of Practice and may utilize the API Base Oil
Interchangeability and viscosity engine testing guidelines.
4.2.1.4. SN-2010 Gasoline Engine Service API Service Category SN was for use in describing Engine Oils
available in 2010. These oils are for use in service typical gasoline
engines in current and earlier passenger cars. Sport utility vehicles,
vans, and light-duty trucks operating under vehicle manufacturers
recommended maintenance procedures.
The API lubricants Group finalized the user language and test
requirements for both API SN and its supplemental Category-
Resource Conserving (RC). This new supplemental category
expands the previous Energy Conserving supplemental Category
(which provided only fuel economy claims) by also adding greater
emission system protection, turbocharger
Protection and enabling engines to operate on ethanol-containing
fuels up to E85. API SN, when licensed with Resource Conserving,
is equivalent to ILSAC GF-5.
The first allowable license date for API SN coincides with the
ILSAC GF-5 first license date of October 1, 2010.
4.2.2. Categories for Diesel Engines Oils
The lubricants covered by this category commercial (category “C”)
cover diesel engine trucks and diesel powered off-highway
equipment (fleets, contractors, farmers, etc.).
Note: The letter following commercial category “C” indicates the performance
category of the oil.
4.2.2.1 CH-4- 1998 Severe – Duty Diesel Engine Service
API Service Category CH-4 describes oils for use in high speed,
four- stroke cycle diesel engines used in highway and off-road
application. CH-4 oils provide effective control over engine deposits,
wear, corrosion, oxidation stability and soot accumulation. These oils
are especially effective in engines designed to meet 1999 emission
6
GSO STANDARD GSO 1785 /2012
standard and may also be used in engines requiring API Service
Category CG-4. Oils designated for this service have been in
existence since 1999. CH-4 oils are engineered for use with diesel
fuels ranging in sulfur content up to 0.5% weight.
Note: CH-4 represents the minimum category used in this gulf standard
4.2.2.2 CI-4-2002 Severe Duty Diesel Engine Service
The API CI-4 Service category describes oils for use in those high
– speed , four- stroke cycle diesel engines designed to meet 2004
exhaust emission standards and was implemented in October 2002 .
These oils are compounded for use in all applications with diesel
fuels ranging in sulfur content up 0.05% by weight. These oils are
especially effective at sustaining engine durability where Exhaust
Gas Recirculation (EGR) and other exhaust emission component
may be used. Optimum protection is provided for control of
corrosive wear tendencies , low and high temperature stability , soot
handling properties, piston deposit control , valve train wear , Oxidative thickening, foaming and viscosity loss due to shear. API
CI-4 oils are superior in performance to those meeting API CH-4,
CG-4 and CF-4 and can effectively lubricate engines calling for
those API Service Categories.
4.2.2.3 CI- 4 PLUS in Conjunction with API Service Category CI-4
API Service Category CI-4 engine oils that also carry the
classification CI-4PLUS are formulated to provide a higher level of
protection against soot-related viscosity increase and viscosity loss
due to shear in vehicles powered by diesel engines.
4.2.2.4 CJ-4-2007 Severe Duty Diesel Engine Service:-
API service category CJ-4 describes oils for use in high-speed, four-
stroke cycle diesel engines designed to meet 2007 exhaust emission
standards as well as for previous model years.
Engines using this higher performance motor oil can experience
significantly less wear in the valve train and power cylinder areas of
the engine. In addition, API CJ-4 motor oil provides increased
protection against heat and increased soot handling capabilities, which
can help enforce engine cleanliness.
7
GSO STANDARD GSO 1785 /2012 API CJ-4 oil will be required to protect the engine and allow for
maximum durability of the exhaust after-treatment system.
2007 diesel engine will also require the use of Ultra-low sulphur
Diesel fuel.
In 2007 the fuel sulphur levels for off-highway are being reduced to
500 ppm – the same as today’s on-highway stand-and has
demonstrated the performance and suitability of API CJ-4 oils in
millions of miles of testing using conventional <500 ppm sulphur fuel
operators of off-highway who also have on-highway trucks can
benefit from the convenience of one oil for virtually all applications.
5. CHARACTERISTICS
The lubricating oils shall fulfill the following characteristics:
5. 1 They shall be homogeneously mixed, bright and clear and have
acceptable odour.
5. 2 They shall be free from water, sediments, dusts, abrasive matter and
impurities
5. 3 They shall contain some anti-oxidation, anti-rust, anti-corrosion,
anti-wear, anti-foam, detergents/dispersants and pour point
depressant additives and other additives, etc. to improve the quality
and meet performance requirements of Tables 2 and 3.
5. 4 The additives (item 5.3), to be used shall be completely soluble in
the base oil. They shall neither partly precipitate nor separate if the
temperature raised to 125oC.
5. 5 The base oils to be used with the additives (item 5.4) shall be
paraffinic base oils with viscosity index V.I ≥ 90 and conforms to
API classification of base oils given in Table 5.
Nor-refined or recycled oil base oils to be used in formulating
these lubricants unless these oils are produced by internationally
recognized licensed processes and the base oil products have the
same quality of virgin Base Oils and conform to the API
classification of Base oil given in Table 5.
5. 6 They shall fulfill the pour point and flash point requirements of
Table 4.
5. 7 The viscosity index of the oils shall not be less than 90.
8
GSO STANDARD GSO 1785 /2012
5. 8 The value of phosphorus, zinc, calcium, magnesium and other
metals, sulphated ash, total acid number, total base number, and shall
be mentioned as guidelines and reported in the test report.
5. 9 The oils shall be stable and compatible.
6 SAMPLING
Samples shall be drawn according to Standard mentioned in item
(2.1).
7 METHODS OF TESTING*
The following tests shall be carried out according to the performance
and application requirement and the representative sample taken in
accordance with item (6).
*Note
1) The tests shall be carried out according to the Gulf Standards given in item (2)
or equivalents and according to international test methods standards (ISO or
ASTM or IP)
2) Engine Test Requirements and Testing Methods for Gasoline and Diesel
Engines Oils shall be carried out according to ASTM Standards mentioned in
the Table 6 and Table 7.
7. 1 Physical & Chemical Tests
7.1.1 Visual inspection.
7.1.2 Determination of flash point.
7.1.3 Determination of kinematic viscosity and dynamic viscosity.
7.1.4 Calculation of viscosity index.
7.1.5 Determination of pour point.
7.1.6 Determination of phosphorus content.
7.1.7 Determination of zinc content.
7.1.8 Determination of calcium content.
7.1.9 Determination of magnesium content.
7.1.10 Determination of sulphated ash.
7.1.11 Determination of nitrogen content.
7.1.12 Determination of total base number and total acid number.
7.1.13 Determination of foaming characteristics of lubricating oils
7.1.14 Determination of stability and compatibility.
7.1.15 Determination of homogenously solubility.
7.1.16 Determination of apparent viscosity.
9
GSO STANDARD GSO 1785 /2012
7.1.17 Determination of pumping viscosity.
7.1.18 Determination of conradson carbon residue.
7.1.19 Determination of sulfur content.
7.2 Engine and Bench Tests
For the evaluation of lubricating oils used in internal combustion
engines, as listed in Tables 2 and 3.
8 PACKING
Lubricating oils shall be packed in tightly closed and sealed
containers preventing possibilities of oil leakage or oil contamination
with any impurities; such containers neither shall affect nor be
affected by the oil.
9 LABELLING The following information shall be legibly and indelibly marked in
both Arabic and English languages on each container of lubricating
oils.
9.1 Net volume, in liters.
9.2 Producer’s name or his registered trade mark.
9.3 Name of the country of origin.
9.4 The classification of oils according to SAE viscosity, and API
performance (as in item 4) ,and its intended use .
9.5 Date of production and the batch number
9.6 Precaution: “Avoid Environmental Pollution.
9.7 Base Oil origin: virgin base oil or recycled.
10 RULES FOR ACCEPTANCE AND REJECTION
10.1 Each consignment of lubricating oils shall be accompanied with a
certificate stating its compliance with this standard.
10.2 The consignment shall be considered complying with this Gulf
standard when the accompanying certificate is accepted.
10.3 In case the certificate is not accepted (because information is
incomplete or subject to question), the information may be completed
or (if necessary) substantial test mentioned in item (7.1) shall be
carried out on samples taken in accordance with all the requirements
of this standard. When the withdrawn samples pass the entire test the
11
GSO STANDARD GSO 1785 /2012
consignment shall be considered as complying with this Gulf
standard. In case one or more of the lubricating oil samples fail to pass any of the tests, a second sample, double the number of samples
of the first one shall be withdrawn from the same group and subjected
to all the tests.
The consignment shall be considered as complying with the
requirements of this standard when all the test samples of the second
sample pass the re-tests. Otherwise the consignment shall be
considered as not complying
REFERENCES
Main Reference
Recommended Practices and Information Reports of Society of
Automotive Engineers (SAE):
SAE J 300/2007 “Engine Oil Viscosity Classification”
Standard of American Petroleum Institute (API):
API 1509, “Engine Oil Licensing and certification System” 16th
Edition, April 2007, and the Attachment 1 to API 1509 16th Ed.
Other References
American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM),
ASTM D4485 “Standard Specification for Performance of Engine
Oils”
Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE):
SAE J 304/2007 “Engine Oil Tests”
SAE J 183/2011 “Engine Oil Performance and Engine Service Oils”
SAE J 357/2006 “Physical and Chemical Of Engine Oils”
11
GSO STANDARD GSO 1785 /2012
12
GSO STANDARD GSO 1785 /2012
Tables
Table (1) SAE Viscosity Grades for Engine Oils
Tables (2) Performance Characteristics of Lubricating Oil
for Gasoline Engine
Tables (3) Performance Characteristics of Lubricating Oil
for Diesel Engine
Table (4) Pour Point and Flash Point of Engine Oils
Table (5) API Classifications of Base Oil Groups
Table (6)
Gasoline Engine oils Classification, Engine Test
Requirements and ASTM Methods
Table (7)
Diesel Engine oils Classification , Engine Test
Requirements and ASTM Methods
Table (8) API “S” (GASLINE) Service Categories
Table (9) API “C” (DIESEL) Service Categories
Table (10) The Addition / Elimination Item due to Updating
Lubricating Oils in ICE
13
GSO STANDARD GSO 1785 /2012
Table 1
SAE VISCOSITY GRADES FOR ENGINE OILS *
SAE Viscosity
Grade
Low –temperature (oC) Cranking
Viscosity (3), mPa-s
Low temperature (oC) Pumping
Viscosity (4), mPa-s with no yield stress
Low-Shear-Rate Kinematic
Viscosity (5) (mm2/s) at 100 oC
High-shear-Rate Viscosity (6) mPa-s
at 150 oC ,
Max. Max. Min. Max. Min.
0 W¨** 6200 at -35 60 000 at -40 3.8 - -
5 W 6600 at -30 60 000 at -35 3.8 - -
10 W 7000 at -25 60 000 at -30 4.1 - -
15 W 7000 at -20 60 000 at -25 5.6 - -
20 W 9500 at -15 60 000 at -20 5.6 - -
25 W 13000 at -10 60 000 at -15 9.3 - -
20 - - 5.6 < 9.3 2.6
30 - - 9.3 < 12.5 2.9
40 - - 12.5 < 16.3 3.5 (0W-40, 5W-40 and 10W-40 grades)
40 - - 12.5 < 16.3 3.7(15W-40,20W-40, 25W-40,40 grades)
50 - - 16.3 < 21.9 3.7
60 - - 21.9 < 26.1 3.7
(1) Notes 1 mPa.s=1 cP; 1 mm2/s = 1 cS
(2) All values, with the exception of the low- temperature cranking viscosity are critical specification as defined by ASTM D3244 (3) ASTM D5293: Cranking viscosity- The non-critical specification protocol in ASTM D3244 shall be applied with a P value of 0.95.
(4) ASTM D4684: Note that the presence of any yield stress detectable by this method constitutes a failure regardless of viscosity.
(5) ASTM D445.
(6) ASTM D4683, CEC L-36-A-90 (ASTM D4741), or ASTM D5481. * This document – SAE J 300 revision of November 2007 – supersedes SAE J300 of May 2004. This revision becomes effective July 2010;
18 months after the revised Standard became available for voluntary compliance
* * W: Is symbol for winter
14
GSO STANDARD GSO 1785 /2012
Table (2-0)
API “S” (GASLINE) SERVICE CATEGORIES
ENGINE AND BENCH TEST REQUIREMENT SUMMARY
(SA) (SB) (SC) (SD) API CATERGORY (SE) (SF) (SG) (SH) (SJ) (SL) (SM) (SN)
Grade
Obsol Obsol Obsol Obsol Timing Obsol Obsol Obsol Obsol Current Current Current Current
None
X
-
- -
-
IV -
-
-
X
-
- IIA
IIIA
IV V
-
-
X
-
- IIB
IIIB
IV VB
L 1 or 1 H
X
L-38
Ball Rust Test
SEQ VIII SEQ II
SEQ III
SEQ IV SEQ V
CATERPILLAR
FORD FALCON
X
-
- IID
IIIC or IIID
- VC or VD
-
-
X
-
- IID
IIID
- VD
-
-
X
-
- IID
IIIE
- VE
1 H2
-
X
-
- IID
IIIE
- VE
-
-
X or VIII
-
- IID or BRT
IIIE or IIIF
- VE or VG+IVA
-
-
-
X
X -
IIIF
IVA VG
-
-
-
X
X -
IIIG
IVA VG
-
-
VIII
-
X IIIGB*
IIIG
IVA VID*
-
-
SEE J 300
- -
-
- -
-
- -
SEA J 300
- -
-
- -
-
- -
SEA J 300
- -
-
- -
-
- -
SEA J 300
- -
-
- -
-
- -
Viscometrics
Volatility Filterability
Foaming
Flash Point Homog. & Miscibility
TEOST
Gelation index L-38 Shear Stability
Elastomer compatibility
SEA J 300
- -
-
- -
-
- -
SEA J 300
- -
-
- -
-
- -
SEA J 300
- -
-
- -
-
- -
SEA J 300
X X
X
X X
X
- X
SEA J 300
X X
X
X X
D6335
X X
SEA J 300
X X
X
- X
MHT-4
X -
SEA J 300
X X
X
- X
MHT-4
X X
X
X X
X
X X
MHT-4
X -
X
*Require only for SN-RC.
Table 2-1
Table 2-1 (Continues)
16
GSO STANDARD GSO 1785 /2012
Table 2-1 (Continues)
Table 2-2
17
GSO STANDARD GSO 1785 /2012
Table 2-2
18
GSO STANDARD GSO 1785 /2012
Table 2-2 (Continues)
Table 2-3
19
GSO STANDARD GSO 1785 /2012
Table 2-3
21
GSO STANDARD GSO 1785 /2012
Table 2-3(Continues)
ENGINE TESTS for API SN-RC
21
GSO STANDARD GSO 1785 /2012
Requirements for API SN are the same as those for API SN-RC, except as noted in the table 2-3(Continues) to the right. Footnotes:
1) Not required for SAE 0W-20. 2) Not required for SN Non-ILSAC GF-5 Viscosity grades.
3) 45 max for SN Non-ILSAC GF-5 Viscosity grades.
4) No maximum for SN Non-ILSAC GF-5 Viscosity grades. 5) If API CI-4 and/or CJ-4 categories precede the “S” category and there is no API Certification Mark,
the Sequence VG (ASTM D6593), Ball Rust (ASTM D6557), and Gelation Index (ASTM D5133) tests are not required.
6) Viscosity Grades are limited to SAE 0W, 5W and 10W multigrade oils. 7) Not required for monograde and SAE 15W, 20W, and 25W multigrade oils.
8) Calculated conversions specified in ASTM D5800 are allowed.
9) For all viscosity grades: If API CH-4, CI-4 and/or CJ-4 categories precede the “S” category and there is no API Certification Mark, the “S” category limits for phosphorus, sulfur, and the TEOST MHT do not apply However, the CJ-4 limits for phosphorus and sulfur do apply for CJ-4 oils.
10) This is a non-critical specification as described in ASTM D3244.
11) After 1-minute settling period for all ILSAC viscosity grades and all NS-RC oils. 12) After 10-minute settling period for non-ILSAC GF-5 viscosity grades which are not SN-RC.
13) Shall remain homogeneous and, when mixed with ASTM reference oils, shall remain miscible.
14) To be evaluated from -5°C to temperature at which 40,000 cP is attained or -40°C, or 2 Celsius degrees below the appropriate MRV TP-1 temperature (defined by SAE J300), whichever occurs first. 15) Not Required for SN ILSAC GF-5 viscosity grades which do not also contain the API Certification Mark or are not SN-RC.
22
GSO STANDARD GSO 1785 /2012
Table (3-0)
API “C” (DIESEL) SERVICE CATEGORIES
ENGINE AND BENCH TEST REQUIREMENT SUMMARY
(CA) (CB) (CC) (CD) (CD-II) (CE) API CATERGORY SF SF-2 CG-4 CG-4 CH-4 CI-4 CJ-4
Grade
Obsol Obsol Obsol Obsol Obsol. Obsol. Timing Obsol. Obsol. Obsol. Obsol. Current Current Current
X
- -
L1
- -
-
- -
-
- -
-
-
X
- -
L1
- -
-
- -
-
- -
-
-
X
- -
1H/1H
2 -
-
- -
-
- -
-
-
X
- -
1G2
- -
-
- -
-
- -
-
-
X
- -
1G2
X -
-
- -
-
- -
-
- -
X
- -
1G2
- -
X
X -
-
- -
-
- -
L-38
SEQ. VIII SEQ. III
CATERPILLAR
DD6V-53T DD6V-92TA
MACK T-6
MACK T-7 MACK T-8 / T -8E
MACK T-9
MACK T-10 CUMMINGS M11/M11EGR
CUMMINS NTC-400
RFWT EOAT Aeration Navistar
MACK T-11
MACK T-12
-
- -
1M-PC
- -
-
- -
-
- -
-
- -
-
X -
1M-PC
- X
-
- -
-
- -
-
- -
-
X -
1K
- -
X or T-9
X or T-8A -
-
- -
X
-
-
X IIIE
1N
- -
-
- T-8
-
- -
-
X
-
- IIIE
1P+1K
- -
-
- T-8E
X
- M11
-
X
-
- IIIE
1R+(1K
Or 1N) -
-
- -
T-8E
- X
M11EGR
X -
-
- IIIE
1N+
C13 -
-
- -
-
ISM & ISB -
X
X X
X
SAE J300 Visco. HT/HS.pumppad. SEA J300
-
-
- -
-
-
-
- -
-
-
-
- -
-
-
-
- -
-
-
-
- -
-
-
-
- -
-
Cummins corrosion
Metals, AN, BN
Volatility Foaming
Elastomer compatibility
-
X
- -
-
-
X
- -
-
-
X
- -
-
X
X
- -
-
X
X
X -
-
X
X
X X
X
X
X
X X
X
23
GSO STANDARD GSO 1785 /2012
Table 3-1
24
GSO STANDARD GSO 1785 /2012
1) Not an ACC Test.
2) MTAC is a statistical method for treating engine test results.
25
GSO STANDARD GSO 1785 /2012
Table 3-2
26
GSO STANDARD GSO 1785 /2012
1) Not an ACC Test.
2) MTAC is a statistical method for treating engine test results.
3) Limit of 30 pass for API CI-4, 90 pass for API CI-4 PLUS
Table 3-3
27
GSO STANDARD GSO 1785 /2012
Table 3-3
28
GSO STANDARD GSO 1785 /2012
1) Not an ACC Test.
2) MTAC is a statistical method for treating engine test results.
3) Requires all individual merit ratings to be equal to or greater than zero.
4) Passing Seq. IIIG viscosity increase at API SM is an acceptable alternative.
29
GSO STANDARD GSO 1785 /2012
Table (4)
Pour Point and Flash Point of Engine Oils
* W: Is Symbol for winter
Oil Grades Pour Point oC (max.)
Flash Point oC (min.)
0 W*
-39
185
5 W -36 195
10 W -33 205
15 W -27 210
20 W -24 215
25 W -24 220
20 -21 215
30 -18 220
40 -15 230
50 -9 235
60 -9 240
31
GSO STANDARD GSO 1785 /2012
Table (5)
API Base Oil Classification
Companies also use their own marketing phrases: “Group 1-1/2” and “Group 2+”
“Group III” can be legally labeled “Synthetic”
-The word “Synthetic” is not part of the API Classific
-“Synthetic” is a marketing term, not a technical term
Group Saturates (%) Sulfur (%) Vis. Index Other
I < 90 and/or > 0.03 ≥80 - < 120 -
II ≥ 90 and ≤ 0.03 ≥80 - < 120 -
III ≥ 90 and ≤ 0.03 ≥ 120 -
IV PAO(poly Alpha Olefins)
V Everything Else
31
GSO STANDARD GSO 1785 /2012
Table (6) Service Classification Engine oils, Engine Test Requirements
& ASTM Methods
API Engine Test Requirement ASTM Test Method
SJ
CRC L-38 ASTM D 5119
Sequence IIIE ASTM D 5533
Sequence VG ASTM D 6953
Sequence IVA ASTM D 6891
SL
Sequence IIIF ASTM D 6984
Sequence IVA ASTM D 6891
Sequence VG ASTM D 6593
Sequence VIII ASTM D 6709
SM
Sequence VIII ASTM D 6709
BRT ASTM D 6557
Sequence IVA ASTM D 6891
Sequence VG ASTM D 6593
Sequence IIIG ASTM D 7320
SN
Sequence IIIG ASTM D 7320
Sequence IVA ASTM D 6891
Sequence VIII ASTM D 6709
Sequence IIIGB* ASTM D 7320
Sequence VID* ASTM D 7589
* Required only for ILSAC GF-5 and SN-RC only
32
GSO STANDARD GSO 1785 /2012
Table (7)
Commercial Classification Engine oils , Engine Test Requirements
& ASTM Methods
December 30, 2010 API ceased licensing new oils against CF Specification.
After February 1, 2010 API ceased licensing new oils against the CF-2 Specification.
After August 31, 2009 API will no longer approve new licenses against the CG-4 Specification.
API Engine Test Requirement ASTM Test Method
CH-4
Sequence IIIF ASTM RR:D02-1491
Roller Follower Wear ASTM D 5966
Mack T-8E ASTM D 5967
Mack T-9 ASTM D 6483
Cummins M 11 ASTM RR D02-1439
Caterpillar 1P ASTM D 6681
Caterpillar 1K ASTM RR D02-1273
CI-4
Caterpillar 1R ASTM D 6923
Cummins M 11 ASTM D6975
Mack T-8E ASTM D 5967
Mack T-10 ASTM RR D02-BO
Roller Follower Wear ASTM D 5966
Caterpillar 1K or 1N , Heui ASTM D 6750
Sequence IIIF ASTM D 6984
CJ-4
Mack T-11 ASTM D 7156
Mack T-12 ASTM D 7422
Cummins ISB ---
Cummins ISM ---
Caterpillar IN ASTM D 6750
Caterpillar C13 ---
Engine Oil Aeration ASTM D 6894
RFWT ASTM D 5966
Sequence IIIG or IIIF ASTM D 7320 / D 6984
33
GSO STANDARD GSO 1785 /2012
Table (8)
API “S….” (GASLINE) SERVICE CATEGORIES
34
GSO STANDARD GSO 1785 /2012
Table (9)
API “C” (DIESEL) SERVICE CATEGORIES
35
GSO STANDARD GSO 1785 /2012
Table (10) The Addition / Elimination Items due to Updating GSO 1785/2007 in ICE
Change done on GSO 1785/2007 Reason 1- In Service Categories for Passenger Car Oils. 4.2.1
Addition of: SN -2010 Gasoline Engine Service 4.2.14
New: Categories available in 2010 for
Gasoline Engine Service.
2- In Categories for Diesel Engine Oils Service 4.2.2
a) Removing CF Categories
Removing CF-2 Categories
Removing CG-4 Categories
b) Addition of: CJ-4-2007 Severe Duty Diesel Engine Service.
Ceased Licensing after December 30, 2010.
Ceased Licensing after February 1, 2010.
Ceased Licensing after August 31, 2009.
New Categories in 2007 for Diesel Engine Service.
3- Updating Table (1) SAE Viscosity Grades for Engine Oils. New version of SAE J 300 :2007
4- Addition of Table 2-3 Passenger Car Engine Oil Laboratory / Engine Tests.
The New Categories API SN-RC.
5- Elimination of CF, CF-2 and CG-4
Categories Tables for Laboratory and Engine Tests.
Ceased Licensing in 2009 and 2010.
6- Addition of Table 3-3 The Categories API CJ-4 Heavy-Duty Diesel
Engine Laboratory/Engine Tests.
7- Addition of Engine Tests Required For API SN in Table (6). New API Categories.
8- Removing of CF, CF2 and CG-4 Engine Tests Required in Table (7). Ceased Licensing in 2009 and 2010.
9- Addition of Engine Tests Required For API CJ-4 in Table (7). New API Categories.
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