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Geography of Canada
Forestry
Forests are Important
• Forests are one of Canada’s most valuable assets
• Forests capture solar energy, store water and nutrients, moderate climates, develop and condition soils, serve as carbon resevoirs, and serve as important habitat for various life forms
• Forests are also a wonderful place for recreation
Jobs Related to Forestry
Forestry
How much wood do you use on a daily basis?
What do you use it for?
VIDEO
Wood Products
Paper Products
• Wood is chemically broken down and made into paper and fibre products
• Canadians are one of the largest consumers of paper products in the world
• 35% of municipal waste (garbage) consists of paper and paper products
• Most paper products can be recycled• Wastepaper can be recycled 7 times before the fibre
becomes too short to produce good newsprint• Canada currently recovers 31% of the paper it consumes
Pacific Maritime
Montane Cordillera
Boreal Shield
Canada’s Forest Resource
Boreal means northern in
Russian
Boreal Shield
Boreal Forest
Boreal Forest
The northern Boreal Forest is dominated by only two species of trees - Black Spruce and White Spruce.
Taiga is the Russian word for forest.
Boreal Forest
Black Spruce White Spruce Balsam Fir Jack Pine
Cedar Tamarack White Birch Poplar
Boreal Forest
Pacific Maritime
Pacific Maritime Forest
Douglas Fir Sitka Spruce
Pacific Maritime Forest
Western Red Cedar
Western Hemlock
Pacific Maritime Forest
Montane Cordillera
Montane Cordillera Forest
Engelmann SprucePonderosa Pine Douglas Fir
Montane Cordillera Forest
Pulp and Paper Products
Quebec
$11575 million
Ontario
$10018 million
British Columbia
$7514 million
Other Provinces
$7286 million
Value of Forest Industry
British Columbia
$11 234 million
Quebec
$5306 million
Ontario
$3454 million
Alberta $1731 million
New Brunswick $751 million
Other Provinces $780 million
Value of Forest Industry
Wood Products
Clear-cutting
Shelterwood Cutting
Selective cutting
Methods of Harvesting Forests
Trees up to 25" in diameter can be cut with the XL25.
Methods of Harvesting Forests
Loggers remove every tree and leave a barren landscape.
When replanted, the new forest grows uniformly in
species and sizeVIDEO
Methods of Harvesting Forests
Clear Cutting
Involves clear-cutting only part of an old growth forest
Small groups of seed bearing trees are left so the area will
regenerate.
Shelterwood method is often used in forests that have grown and aged evenly
Methods of Harvesting Forests
Shelterwood Cutting
Another shot of the same stand in an area that has been finished--except for picking up a few logs. The stand is about 65 years old.
VIDEO- Rick goes Heli-Logging in BC
Only mature trees of the desired size, type or quality
Selective Cutting
Methods of Harvesting Forests
Too few trees are replanted?
= Soil erosion
Forestry Issues
Forestry Issues
Clogged Rivers
Air Pollution
Water Pollution
Forestry Issues
Aerial Spraying
Forest Fires
Forestry Issues
Forestry Issues
Destruction of Wildlife Habitat
RICK MERCER
• VIDEO- Rick tries Timber Sports
Weird Wood!
• Match the Product to the Process to the Tree
• Draw lines on your worksheet to the correct path
• Use the flashcards to help you.
WEIRD WOOD!
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