Globalization “I’ve got the whole world in my hands”

Globalization

“I’ve got the whole world in my hands”

Globalization

Globalization is a trend towards greater interconnectedness of the world’s financial, economic, technological, political, cultural, sociological, ecological and geographical systems.

Globalization

Positive Impacts of Globalization Living conditions have improved Increased understanding of different cultures More jobs Reduce costs of goods

Globalization

Negative Impacts of Globalization Focus is often on short-term gains only Rich are richer, poor are poorer destruction of the environment neglect of human rights

Globalization

Global Village Institutions United Nations World Bank NATO International Court

We are all part of the global village, but do we all share it equally?

  Comparing Levels of

Development

Not all countries around the world are developed like Canada and the United States. Countries are usually grouped into 3 categories based on their economic and social development.

DevelopedNewly IndustrializedDeveloping

What makes a country developing?

Low standard of living Lots of people working in primary

industries (farming) Low education, healthcare, life

expectancy Example: countries in

Sub-saharan Africa

What makes a country developed?

High standard of living

Industrialized Lots of parts to the

economy Democracy Lack of corruption Example: many

countries in N. America and Europe

What Makes a Newly Industrialized Country?

going through the process of becoming developed

has a changing economy (going from primary, secondary towards more tertiary industries)

is in “limbo” between being a developing and developed country

Examples: South Korea, Hong Kong

How do we know which we are?

Human Development Index (HDI)

Calculator for development

Look at: income per capita (GDP), life expectancy, birth rate, death rate, literacy (ability to read & write)

What Do You Know of the World?

Canada’s Contribution

CIDA = Canadian International Development Agency

CIDA’s aim: reduce poverty, promote human rights, and support sustainable development

Priorities: reduce poverty, democracy, business development, health, education, equality between women and men, and environmental sustainability

Who have we helped?

Sub-Saharan Africa: $1.3 billion – 46.74%

North Africa and the Middle East: $129 million – 4.6%

Americas: $459 million – 16.5%

Asia: $780 million – 28.1%

Eastern Europe: $114 million – 4.1%

Why do we bother? people living in extreme poverty went

from 1.25 billion to 980 million 6.8 million more children are in school in

a number of African countries ) 61,000 people now have access to

running water and sanitation in Honduras

What is International Trade?

International trade involves 2 activities: importing (buying goods and services from other countries) and exporting (selling goods and services to other countries).

Why Do We Trade?

Earn Money for the economy Get things we don’t have or can’t

produce To get cheaper products and services Create relationships with other

countries Job Creation

Trade Terms Imports-Goods/services we buy from another country. Exports-Goods/services we sell to another country. Balance of trade-The dollar difference between our

imports and exports. Trade Surplus-When a country has more exports

than imports. Free Trade-When no tariffs are put on any goods and

services. Tariff-Taxes placed on imported goods/services to

make them more expensive (so people buy locally made goods)

Canada's Export Markets, 2009

 Country % Share of Total Exports  

 United States 81  

 Japan 2  

 United Kingdom 2  

 China 2  

 Mexico 1  

 Total of Top 5 88 

International Trade Organizations

Organization Description

World Trade Organization Established in 1995Multilateral institution through which global trade rules are negotiated and enforced

North American Free Trade Agreement

Established 1994, joining Canada, the United States and Mexico forming the world's largest free trade area. NAFTA applies to the procurement of goods valued at more than $38,000 (Canada/U.S.) and $89,000 (Canada/Mexico)

Free Trade Agreement of the Americas

Established in 2005, the FTAA is a collaboration among 34 democratic governments in the Americas, to ensure prosperity, democracy and free markets for goods and services in the hemisphere

Fair Trade

Coffee from Kenya, textiles from India, tea from Sri Lanka, nuts from El Salvador, ceramics from Mexico, and chocolate from Ghana…

Many of the things we buy are grown or made in developing countries.

But do the people who produce these goods get a fair price for them, and what are their working conditions like?

Fair Trade

For most workers, wages are low, there is no job security, and working conditions are often unhealthy and unsafe.

Fair trade is an international system of doing business based on dialogue, transparency, and respect.

Better prices for producers, but also it often means longer-term and more meaningful trading relationships, sustainable agriculture, stronger communities ties, etc.

Fair Trade

What is your role? Churches, communities, school, unions,

businesses and consumer groups are pushing to move Fair Trade products into mainstream grocery stores

The demand must increase, so more workers will benefit

Demand products with superior quality Become a player in the solution

to global trade inequalities

Did You Know???

Famously and Firstly Canadian

Canadian John McIntosh discovered McIntosh apples in 1811 growing along the St. Lawrence River Valley

The first recorded baseball game was played in Beachville, Ontario in 1838

Montreal Professor Thomas Sterry Hunt developed special green ink to produce American bills ‘greenbacks’ that couldn’t be forged in 1862

The world’s second most popular sport ‘basketball’ was the idea of Canadian James Naismith in 1892

Famously and Firstly Canadian

Tom Ryan became the father of five-pin bowling, by developing the game in Toronto in 1909

Torontonian William Knapp developed the yucky-tasting Buckley’s Mixture in 1919

In 1948 Harry Galley received his patented for his stainless steel kitchen sink

Montreal Canadian goalie Jacques Plante became the first goalie to start wearing a mask

Instant mashed potatoes were patented by Edward Asselbergs in 1961

Famously and Firstly Canadian

Muskol the world’s most effective bug repellent is the creation of Charlie Coll (1970)

Leslie McFarlane penned the famous Hardy Boys series as Franklin W. Dixon

Torontonian Alex Tilley created the nearly indestructible ‘Tilley Hat’ in 1980

Winnipeg was the first city in the world to develop the emergency ‘911’ system

Canadian Deanna Brasseaur & Jane Foster became the world’s first female jet fighter pilots in 1989

Famously and Firstly Canadian

Tim Collins of B.C. developed the Viewer Chip for parents to block offensive television programs

In 1998, the ‘Sam Bat’ a maple baseball bat made by Ottawa carpenter Sam Holman was approved for use in professional baseball leagues

In 1999 Ontario became the first place in the world to protect the skyscape from light pollution by designating a dark-sky park south of Lake Muskoka

Canadians have developed – Trivial Pursuit, Balderdash, Mind Trap, Pictionary and A Question of Scruples

Famously and Firstly Canadian

Canada is home to the world’s… Oldest chain store business is Canada’s Hudson Bay

Company founded in 1670 Longest highway, the Trans Canada highway - 7,821

km Longest street, Yonge Street - 1,900 km Longest bridge – Confederation Bridge linking P.E.I. to

N.B. – 12.9 km Longest skating rink – 7.8 km Rideau Canal in Ottawa Longest recreational trail – Trans Canada Trail will be

over 16,000 km long

Greatest Canadian Invention

Of all these great Canadian ideas, which ones are the “greatest”?

CBC asked Canadians to vote for the Greatest Canadian Invention and showed us the results in early 2007.

www.cbc.ca/inventions

Greatest Canadian Invention

Poutine #10

Greatest Canadian Invention

Electric Wheelchair #9

Greatest Canadian Invention

Zipper #8

Greatest Canadian Invention

Robertson Screw #7

Greatest Canadian Invention

Pacemaker #6

Greatest Canadian Invention

Wonderbra #5

Greatest Canadian Invention

Five Pin Bowling #4

Greatest Canadian Invention

Light bulb #3

Greatest Canadian Invention

Telephone #2

Greatest Canadian Invention

Insulin #1