View
322
Download
0
Category
Tags:
Preview:
Citation preview
Gregorian Chant and its Notations
– Locating the Chant– Reading the Chant– Transcripting the Chant
Locating the Chant
The Calendar– Temporale– Sanctorale
The Liturgy– Office– Mass
The Calendar
The Temporale
The Sanctorale
The Liturgy: The Office Divine Office
– Matins, about 3 a.m.– Lauds, at daybreak– Prime, at 6 a.m.– Terce, at 9 a.m.– Sext, at noon– None, at 3 p.m.– Vespers, at twilight– Compline, before bedti
me
Ora et labora The sanctificatio
n of the time
The Liturgy: The MassOrdinary chants
(9th c.)
2. Kyrie3. Gloria
9. Credo
3. Sanctus/Benedictus
6. Agnus Dei
9. Ite missa est/benedicamus
Proper chants(7th-8th c.)
1. Introitus
6. Graduale7. Alleluia
1. Offertorium
7. Communio
Prayers and readings (4th c.)I. liturgy of the Word
4. Collect5. Epistle
8. Gospel
II. liturgy of the Eucharist
2. Preface
4. Eucharistic prayer5. Pater noster
8. Post-communion
The Liturgy: The Mass Ordinary chants
– Kyrie– Gloria
– Credo
– Sanctus-Benedictus
– Agnus Dei
Proper chants– Introitus
– Graduale– Alleluia
– Offertorium
– Communio
Reading the Chant
The Books– Graduale (Mass Chant)– Antiphonale (Office Chant)
Modern Tools– AMS– CAO
Modern Books
The Books & Modern Tools The Mass
– Graduale– Antiphonale Missar
um Sextuplex• René-Jean Hesbert's
incipit edition of 6 early sources of mass chants (1935)
– Cantus-Planus (1990s)
The Office– Antiphonale– Corpus Antiphonali
um Officii• Hesbert's full text ed
ition of 12 early sources of office chants (1963-75)
– CANTUS (1980s–)– CAO-ECE (1988–)
Modern Books
Graduale Romanum (Solesmes 1908)– Graduale Triplex (1979)– Beiträge zur Gregorianik
since 21 (1996)
Antiphonale Monasticum (Solesmes 1934)– Psalterium monasticum (1
981) – Liber hymnarius cum invit
atoriis & aliquibus responsoriis (1982)
Paléographie musicale (Solesmes 1889-) Facsimile series
Liber usualis (Solesmes 1896-)
St. Peter in Solesmes: A Benedictine abbey, it was the centre of the revival of Gregorian chant in the 19th and 20th centuries. A priory existed at Solesmes from 1010 to 1791; in 1833 Dom Prosper Gueranger (1805–75) revived Benedictine life there (cf. Peter Wagner, BGr)
Private Collection (MS du Mont-Renaud). Gradual and antiphoner from northern France. Text probably written in mid-10th century, neumes added late 10th or early 11th century (PalMus 16 [1955]).
Graduale Triplex(1979)
Transcription Neumes Notation
– in campo aperto– adiastematic – non metrical
St Gallen, Stiftsbibliothek, 359. Cantatorium from St Gallen; dated very early 10th century (before 920). Neumatic notation with significative letters. Cantatorium contains only the soloists’ chants: graduals, alleluias and tracts (PalMus 2nd ser.,
2 [1924]).
The Notation– adiastematic– diastematic
• gothic• roman/modern
since 13th C. The Words
– Carmina scripturarum (1907)– On-line Bibles
Excursus: Chant Repertories
The legend of Pope Gregory the Great depicted in the Hartker A
ntiphonerSt Gallen, Stiftsbibliothek, 390–91 (“Hartker Antiphoner”). Antiphoner and tonary copied by Hartker, monk of St Gallen; dated 980–1011. Neumes with significative letters.
Centres of Scholar cantorum and Scriptorium
Western Chant Repertories – Mozarabic
(Old Spanish)– Gallican– Gregorian
(Frankish-Roman)• West-Frankish• East-Frankish
– Old Roman(Urban-Roman)
– Ambrosian(Milanese)
– Beneventan– Ravenna– Aquileia
Eastern Chant Repertories– Byzantine– Syrian– Coptic
(Ancient Egyptian)– Georgian– Armenian – Ethiopian– Russian/Slavonic
Basic Literature– Crocker, Richard L. An Introduction to Gregorian Chant. N
ew Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2000.– Crocker, Richard L., and David Hiley. The Early Middle Age
s to 1300. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1990.– Harper, John. The Forms and Orders of Western Liturgy fr
om the 10th to the 18th Century. Oxford: Clarendon, 1991.– Hiley, David. Western Plainchant : A Handbook. Oxford: Cl
arendon, 1993.– Hughes, Andrew. Medieval Manuscripts for Mass and Offic
e : A Guide to Their Organization and Terminology. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1982.
– Treitler, Leo. With Voice and Pen : Coming to Know Medieval Song and How It Was Made. New York: Oxford University Press, 2003
Recommended