GUIDED INQUIRY An Instructional Framework for … INQUIRY An Instructional Framework for Designing...

GUIDED INQUIRY An Instructional Framework for Designing Effective Inquiry Units LYN HAY

Director, Leading Learning Institute Head of Professional Learning, Syba Academy

Adjunct Lecturer, Charles Sturt University

LYN HAY -- Workshop: Guided Inquiry: An Instructional Framework for Designing Effective Inquiry Units STLN Professional Learning Day: 'School Libraries: the Heart of the Australian Curriculum', 31/03/2014

Inquiry is interdisciplinary Keri Smith (2008) How to be an explorer of the world. New York: Perigree

Inquiry underpins disciplinary thinking

Inquiry moves beyond fact finding

Inquiry moves beyond just fact finding tasks

Raises&standard&of&research&assignments&to&higher&level&by:&

!  Drawing on life experiences !  Learning from a wide range of sources !  Forming deep understanding !  Gaining sense of accomplishment !  Developing competence and expertise !  Helps student consolidate learning across subject

Inquiry learning !  Is an approach to learning whereby students find and use a

variety of sources of information and ideas to increase their understanding of a problem, topic or issue

!  It requires more than simply answering questions or getting a right answer

!  It espouses investigation, exploration, search, quest, research, pursuit and study

!  Inquiry does not stand alone; it engages, interests and challenges students to connect their world within the curriculum

!  It is often an individual pursuit

!  Can be enhanced by being part of a community of learning

!  Without some guidance, inquiry learning can be daunting

!  Inquiry is not an add-on to the curriculum, it is a way of learning content, skills and values within the curriculum through inquiry

Learning in the school library

Students(actively(engage(with(diverse(and(often(conflicting(sources(of(information(and(ideas(to(discover(new(ones,(to(build(new(understandings,(and(to(develop(

personal(viewpoints(and(perspectives.(

KNOWLEDGE(OUTCOME(

GGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGG(

It(is(underpinned(by(stimulating(encounters(with(information(–(encounters(which(capture(their(interest(and(attention,(and(which(motivate(and(direct(their(

ongoing(inquiry.(

INFORMATION(FOUNDATION(

(Todd 2008) LYN HAY -- Workshop: Guided Inquiry: An Instructional Framework for Designing Effective Inquiry Units STLN Professional Learning Day: 'School Libraries: the Heart of the Australian Curriculum', 31/03/2014

Information process models

See http://www.curriculumsupport.education.nsw.gov.au/schoollibraries/teachingideas/isp/docs/infoskills.pdf

The Big 6 !  a"6"step"problem-solving"model"devised"to"support"students"when"dealing"with"informa7on"

!  addresses"physical"and"cogni7ve"steps""

!  very"popular"interna7onally"with"professional"support"material"incl."Books,"newsle>er,"website,"conference"and"listserv"support"–"see"h>p://www.big6.com""

Inquiry Research by Carol Kuhlthau

Information Seeking Process (ISP) Affective Domain & Uncertainty Principle Guided Inquiry

The Uncertainty Principle

�…uncertainty, confusion and frustration are associated with vague, unclear thoughts about a topic or question�

!  a cognitive state

!  causes anxiety and lack of confidence

!  these affective symptoms can be expected in the early stages of the ISP

From Uncertainty to Understanding... ___________________________________________

uncertainty ------------- understanding T vague clear F anxious confident A exploring documenting

access ------------------- information ____________________________________________ 3 levels of experience: thinking (cognitive)

feeling (affective) acting (physical)

ISP stages "  Initiation: Research task is given to the students

"  Selection: Choice of topics within a curriculum theme

"  Exploration: Building background knowledge, encountering many perspectives

"  Formulation: Selection of focus question

"  Collection: Accessing and using complex information

"  Presentation: Presenting outcome of research

"  Assessment: Reflection on learning process and learning outcomes

Information Search Process

Tasks Initiation Selection Exploration Formulation Collection Presentation Assessment ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Feelings uncertainly optimism confusion clarity sense of satisfaction or (affective) frustration direction/ disappointment

doubt confidence Thoughts vague----------------------------------------→focused (cognitive) ---------------------------------------------------→

increased interest Actions seeking relevant information-------------------------------→seeking pertinent information (physical) exploring documenting

Zone of Intervention: the critical point / need for instruction GUIDED INQUIRY

Kuhlthau, C, Caspari, A., & Maniotes, L. (2007) Guided Inquiry: Learning in the 21st Century. Santa Barbara, CA: Libraries Unlimited LYN HAY -- Workshop: Guided Inquiry: An Instructional Framework for Designing Effective Inquiry Units

STLN Professional Learning Day: 'School Libraries: the Heart of the Australian Curriculum', 31/03/201413

Inquiry-centred pedagogy & ISP

Students develop capacity to:

!  think beyond the immediate situation to consider the ‘big picture’ before focusing on the detail (Exploration)

!  suspend judgment about a situation to consider alternative pathways (Exploration)

! pose insightful and purposeful questions (Formulation)

! apply strategies to uncover meaning and make reasoned judgments (Collection)

!  reflect on thinking, actions and processes (all stages, Assessment)

"(Todd, 2011)

Inquiry-centred pedagogy & ISP Students develop capacity to:

! generate and develop ideas and possibilities (Collection)

! analyse information logically and make reasoned judgements (Collection)

! evaluate ideas and create solutions and draw conclusions (Collection)

! assess the feasibility, possible risks and benefits in the implementation of their ideas (Collection, Assessment)

!  create meaningful representations of their deep knowledge (Presentation)

" (Todd, 2011) LYN HAY -- Workshop: Guided Inquiry: An Instructional Framework for Designing Effective Inquiry Units STLN Professional Learning Day: 'School Libraries: the Heart of the Australian Curriculum', 31/03/2014

The emotional rollercoaster

!  Very"dis7nc7ve"ebb"and"flow"of"emo7ons"following"the"demands"of"the"research"process"

!  Construc7vist"approach"to"learning:""staged,"guided"

!  Students"are"not"�abandoned�"in"the"research"process"

!  Focus"on"deep"learning,"competence,"mastery,"and"self"empowerment""

"LYN HAY -- Workshop: Guided Inquiry: An Instructional Framework for Designing Effective Inquiry Units STLN Professional Learning Day: 'School Libraries: the Heart of the Australian Curriculum', 31/03/2014

Implications of Kuhlthau's ISP

"  Learning is an individual process, even though the same information process model is used

"  Knowledge is constructed based on past experience

"  TLs & teachers must develop expertise in dealing with individual student's affective concerns when completing information tasks

What we now know....

"  No matter how many times we use an information process, a certain level of uncertainty will always affect student's completion of information tasks when encountering new or 'unique' information

"  TLs & teachers must employ a range of strategies during learning process to assist students to cope with the uncertainty principle

Motivation & inspiration

http://www.inspirationstation.co.za/?page_id=112 LYN HAY -- Workshop: Guided Inquiry: An Instructional Framework for Designing Effective Inquiry Units STLN Professional Learning Day: 'School Libraries: the Heart of the Australian Curriculum', 31/03/2014

Introducing Guided Inquiry....

�The(information(age(calls(for(transforming(schools(to(meet(new(challenges�(

"  Guided inquiry is a new learning and instructional model

"  Occurs in a collaborative learning environment led by an instructional team

"  Learning from a variety of sources "  Inquiry process for deep understanding 'unique'

information

Guided Inquiry...

�... is carefully planned, closely supervised targeted intervention(s )of an instructional team of school librarians and teachers to guide students through curriculum based inquiry units that build deep knowledge and deep understanding of a curriculum topic, and gradually lead towards independent learning.��

CISSL, Guided Inquiry (2009) http://cissl.scils.rutgers.edu/guided_inquiry.html

Planning a guided inquiry unit

GI stages of reflection & intervention

Set"of"3"templates"for"monitoring"progress"in"the"Guided"Inquiry"process"can"be"downloaded"from"

h>p://studentslearn.files.wordpress.com/2012/05/gi-reflec7on-sheet-templates.docx"

Teaching a Guided Inquiry Approach

Kuhlthau, C.C., Maniotes, L.., & Caspari, A.. (2012). Guided inquiry design: A framework for inquiry in your school. Santa Barbara, CA: Libraries Unlimited.

Information Search Process

Tasks Initiation Selection Exploration Formulation Collection Presentation Assessment ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Feelings uncertainly optimism confusion clarity sense of satisfaction or (affective) frustration direction/ disappointment

doubt confidence Thoughts vague----------------------------------------→focused (cognitive) ---------------------------------------------------→

increased interest Actions seeking relevant information-------------------------------→seeking pertinent information (physical) exploring documenting

Zone of Intervention: the critical point / need for instruction Open Immerse Explore Identify Gather Create Share Evaluate

Kuhlthau, C, Caspari, A., & Maniotes, L. (2007) Guided Inquiry: Learning in the 21st Century. Santa Barbara, CA: Libraries Unlimited LYN HAY -- Workshop: Guided Inquiry: An Instructional Framework for Designing Effective Inquiry Units

Teaching strategies for Guided Inquiry

Kuhlthau, C.C., Maniotes, L.., & Caspari, A.. (2012). Guided inquiry design: A framework for inquiry in your school. Santa Barbara, CA: Libraries Unlimited.

This"phase"engages"students,"gets"them"excited"about"the"topic"/"curriculum"theme"they"will"be"exploring,"and"encourages"them"to"begin"thinking"about"how"the"inquiry"unit"connects"to"pre-exis7ng"knowledge.""

Students"develop"background"knowledge"about"the"research"topic"as"a"community"without"focusing"on"“too"much"detail.”"""Get"the"BIG"picture"

"Students"explore"their"topic,"find"new"informa7on"and"consider"different"perspec7ves,"and""develop"sufficient"knowledge"to"move"forward"in"the"research"process.""

"Students"choose"a"research"ques7on"and"focus"for"their"research."""""""

"""""""""

Students"collect"detailed"informa7on"from"a"variety"of"sources.""They"evaluate"sources"and"record"key"ideas"from"the"sources."They"take"detailed"notes"and"learn"how"to"organize,"quote,"and"use"informa7on"ethically."

Students"are"encouraged"to"go"beyond"lis7ng"a"collec7on"of"facts.""They"use"technology"tools"to"create"a"product"that"shows"what"they"have"learned"

Students"have"the"opportunity"to"present"their"ideas"to"others."They"communicate"what"they"have"learned"to"others"

Students,"teachers"and"school"librarians"assess"the"learning"outcomes"and"reflect"on"what"needs"to"be"done"

Source: Kuhlthau, C.C., Maniotes, L.K., & Caspari, A.K. (2012). Guided inquiry design: A framework for inquiry in your school. Santa Barbara, CA: Libraries Unlimited.

Use this GI model with your students

OPEN: How Might I help? " Help"students"get"excited"about"their"research:""open"minds,"s7mulate"curiosity,"develop"inquiry"stance"through"modeling"ques7ons,"insights,"reflec7ons"

" Use"of"compelling"visuals,"artefacts,"stories,"scenarios"

" Dealing"with"emo7ons:""doubt,"uncertainty"

" Help"them"be"organised:""task"organiza7on,""7me,"deadlines,"stages"

" Understanding"knowledge"requirements"of"task:""task"assessment""

" Establish"exis7ng"/"prior"knowledge"

" Develop"knowledge"wall;"Develop"a"ques7on""wall:""ques7ons"about"the"topic"

IMMERSE: How might I help? " Build"background"knowledge"of"the"topic"

" Wikipedia"ar7cles"are"good"for"overviews"of"topics:"compara7ve"analysis"with"other"sources"

" Field"experiences,"visits"by"experts,"search"Twi>er"dialogue""

"  Interview"each"other"about"aspects"of"the"topic;""

" Build"a"concept"map"of"the"curriculum"topic:""facts"as"the"founda7on,"and"the"ques7ons"it"prompts"

" Developing"an"inquiry"journal:""exis7ng"knowledge,"surprising"knowledge,"interests,"wonderings"

EXPLORE: How might I help " Extending"background"knowledge""  ‘Look"around’"strategy:""encountering"different""sources"that"extend"background"knowledge"and"encounter"different"views"

"  Journaling"about"ideas,"poten7al"research"direc7ons"and"ques7ons:""‘Pair"Share’"strategy"

" Modeling"ques7on"development;"reflec7ve"thinking""  Journaling"and"discussing"conflic7ng"ideas,"mul7ple"viewpoints"" Teach"search"skills"" Teach"web"site"evalua7on"skills"" Teach"about"keywords"" Teach"basic"note-taking"" Dealing"with"conflic7ng"informa7on"

IDENTIFY: How might I help?

" "Good"researchers"have"good"ques7ons"

" "Teaching"students"to"ask"the"right"ques7ons"is""""one"of"the"greatest"skills"we"can"instruct"

" "Thinking"is"not"driven"by"answers"but"by"ques7ons"

" "At"the"heart"of"inquiry,"students:"

"•"produce"their"own"ques7ons"

"•"improve"their"ques7ons"

"•"strategise"on"how"to"answer"the"ques7on"

"LYN HAY -- Workshop: Guided Inquiry: An Instructional Framework for Designing Effective Inquiry Units STLN Professional Learning Day: 'School Libraries: the Heart of the Australian Curriculum', 31/03/2014

GATHER: How might I help "  Selec7on"of"sources:""per7nent,"complex"informa7on"rather"

than"superficial"informa7on"matched"to"specific"focus"

"  Collect"data"from"interviews,"surveys,"experiments,"observa7ons""(authen7c"research)"

"  Analyse"and"synthesise"informa7on"

"  Construct"evidence-based"arguments""

"  Form"evidence-based"opinions"/"viewpoints"

"  Develop"conclusions"&"posi7ons;"posit"ac7ons,"implica7ons"and"solu7ons"

"THE CORE INSTRUCTIONAL FOCUS OF INQUIRY

Create, share & evaluate "  Integra7ng"knowledge"to"showcase"deep"understanding"

"  Going"beyond"facts"to"synthesising,"interpre7ng"and"extending"

"  Visualising"most"important"ideas"on"a"task"plan"

"  Posi7oning"focus"ques7on"on"plan"

"  Highlight"themes"that"are"emerging"

"  PQP:""inquiry"circles"–"Praise"Ques7on"Polish""

"  Peer"evalua7on"

"  Representa7on"of"new"knowledge:""what"does"“good”"history,"science,"mathema7cs,"design"knowledge"look"like?""How"is"it"typically"presented"in"the"real"world?""

"  Principles"/"criteria"for"applying"modes"of"representa7on"–"textual,"visual,""graphical"–"discipline"requirements""

"  Structuring"ideas"into"a"coherent,"integrated"body"of"knowledge""

"  Using"digital"tools"to"construct"appropriate"representa7ons"of"new"knowledge""

"  Using"digital"tools,"techniques"and"cri7cal"thinking"skills"to"communicate"new"knowledge"in"appropriate"ways"–"appropriate"to"the"discipline"

when inquiry goes digital

OPPORTUNITIES

Centre for Learning & Performance Technologies

http://c4lpt.co.uk/directory-of-learning-performance-tools/ LYN HAY -- Workshop: Guided Inquiry: An Instructional Framework for Designing Effective Inquiry Units STLN Professional Learning Day: 'School Libraries: the Heart of the Australian Curriculum', 31/03/2014

http://c4lpt.co.uk/directory-of-learning-performance-tools/misc-personal-productivity-tools/ LYN HAY -- Workshop: Guided Inquiry: An Instructional Framework for Designing Effective Inquiry Units STLN Professional Learning Day: 'School Libraries: the Heart of the Australian Curriculum', 31/03/2014

Joyce Valenza’s New Tools Guide

http://sdst.libguides.com/content.php?pid=192765&sid=1616356 LYN HAY -- Workshop: Guided Inquiry: An Instructional Framework for Designing Effective Inquiry Units STLN Professional Learning Day: 'School Libraries: the Heart of the Australian Curriculum', 31/03/2014

http://ipadapps4school.com/ LYN HAY -- Workshop: Guided Inquiry: An Instructional Framework for Designing Effective Inquiry Units STLN Professional Learning Day: 'School Libraries: the Heart of the Australian Curriculum', 31/03/2014

http://android4schools.com/ LYN HAY -- Workshop: Guided Inquiry: An Instructional Framework for Designing Effective Inquiry Units STLN Professional Learning Day: 'School Libraries: the Heart of the Australian Curriculum', 31/03/2014

Michael Zimmer’s blog http://edutechintegration.blogspot.com.au/p/elective-subjects-resources.html

http://dirt.projectbamboo.org/ LYN HAY -- Workshop: Guided Inquiry: An Instructional Framework for Designing Effective Inquiry Units STLN Professional Learning Day: 'School Libraries: the Heart of the Australian Curriculum', 31/03/2014

for Guided Inquiry

DIGITAL TOOLS

Tools for planning capture brainstorming, mapping, resourcing and be organised

http://www.text2mindmap.com/

Mind mapping

http://dropmind.com/

Mind mapping

Resource mapping

h"p://www.mindomo.com/mindmap/impacts1of1rivers1fd88449938de48489783c25558088ae9>>

Mind mapping

http://www.delicious.com/lyn_hay/

Social bookmarking

http://groups.diigo.com/group/teacher_librarians/content/tag/%22cool+tools%22 LYN HAY -- Workshop: Guided Inquiry: An Instructional Framework for Designing Effective Inquiry Units STLN Professional Learning Day: 'School Libraries: the Heart of the Australian Curriculum', 31/03/2014

ScoopIt!

http://www.scoop.it/t/future-connections LYN HAY -- Workshop: Guided Inquiry: An Instructional Framework for Designing Effective Inquiry Units STLN Professional Learning Day: 'School Libraries: the Heart of the Australian Curriculum', 31/03/2014

http://pinterest.com/tesResources/technology-in-the-classroom/ LYN HAY -- Workshop: Guided Inquiry: An Instructional Framework for Designing Effective Inquiry Units STLN Professional Learning Day: 'School Libraries: the Heart of the Australian Curriculum', 31/03/2014

http://springfieldlibrary.wikispaces.com/Google+Search+Options

Power of search

Broaden searches beyond Google

http://toolsforsearch.wikispaces.com/

Project management tools

http://www.rememberthemilk.com/ LYN HAY -- Workshop: Guided Inquiry: An Instructional Framework for Designing Effective Inquiry Units STLN Professional Learning Day: 'School Libraries: the Heart of the Australian Curriculum', 31/03/2014

Project management

http://www.producteev.com/features.php LYN HAY -- Workshop: Guided Inquiry: An Instructional Framework for Designing Effective Inquiry Units STLN Professional Learning Day: 'School Libraries: the Heart of the Australian Curriculum', 31/03/2014

http://teambox.com/ LYN HAY -- Workshop: Guided Inquiry: An Instructional Framework for Designing Effective Inquiry Units STLN Professional Learning Day: 'School Libraries: the Heart of the Australian Curriculum', 31/03/2014

Tools for data generation collection & analysis

http://www.zoomerang.com/ LYN HAY -- Workshop: Guided Inquiry: An Instructional Framework for Designing Effective Inquiry Units STLN Professional Learning Day: 'School Libraries: the Heart of the Australian Curriculum', 31/03/2014

http://polldaddy.com/ LYN HAY -- Workshop: Guided Inquiry: An Instructional Framework for Designing Effective Inquiry Units STLN Professional Learning Day: 'School Libraries: the Heart of the Australian Curriculum', 31/03/2014

Sticky note & collaborating apps

!  http://en.linoit.com/ to collect student feedback, capture data and publish as is

!  Padlet (Wallwisher) http://padlet.com/

!  Thoughtboxes https://www.thoughtbox.es/

!  Google Docs (Drive) https://docs.google.com/

!  Etherpads http://qikpad.org/

!  Zoho http://www.zoho.com/

!  Edmodo http://www.edmodo.com/

Blogs & wikis & pics

!  Edublogs http://edublogs.org/

!  Wordpress http://wordpress.com/

!  Blogger http://www.blogger.com/

!  Wikispaces http://www.wikispaces.com/

!  Pbworks http://pbworks.com/

!  Flickr http://www.flickr.com/

!  Photobucket http://photobucket.com/

Tools for reporting presentation & publication LYN HAY -- Workshop: Guided Inquiry: An Instructional Framework for Designing Effective Inquiry Units

slideshare

h>p://www.slideshare.net/jlagarde/mgms-annual-report-2010-11""by"Jennifer"LaGarde"""LYN HAY -- Workshop: Guided Inquiry: An Instructional Framework for Designing Effective Inquiry Units STLN Professional Learning Day: 'School Libraries: the Heart of the Australian Curriculum', 31/03/2014

Multimedia presentations

http://www.smore.com/ LYN HAY -- Workshop: Guided Inquiry: An Instructional Framework for Designing Effective Inquiry Units STLN Professional Learning Day: 'School Libraries: the Heart of the Australian Curriculum', 31/03/2014

issuu.com

h>p://issuu.com/joycevalenza/docs/sept11nopw3""LYN HAY -- Workshop: Guided Inquiry: An Instructional Framework for Designing Effective Inquiry Units STLN Professional Learning Day: 'School Libraries: the Heart of the Australian Curriculum', 31/03/2014

publish stories & reflections

http://issuu.com/yhod/docs/childrens_stories_by_g8_leobaeck_students/126?e=1031480/3284326 LYN HAY -- Workshop: Guided Inquiry: An Instructional Framework for Designing Effective Inquiry Units STLN Professional Learning Day: 'School Libraries: the Heart of the Australian Curriculum', 31/03/2014

Infographics h"p://piktochart.com/>h"p://visual.ly/>>h"p://www.easel.ly/>>>

http://sdst.libguides.com/infographicsprojects LYN HAY -- Workshop: Guided Inquiry: An Instructional Framework for Designing Effective Inquiry Units STLN Professional Learning Day: 'School Libraries: the Heart of the Australian Curriculum', 31/03/2014

Animoto

h"p://animoto.com/play/YiJ8WTEzkSi4k2311LG7jQ>>

http://animoto.com/play/jaHkk2I4MxyG6ou4gRD25Q

Video presentations

h"p://www.schooltube.com/organizaQon/169123/>>LYN HAY -- Workshop: Guided Inquiry: An Instructional Framework for Designing Effective Inquiry Units STLN Professional Learning Day: 'School Libraries: the Heart of the Australian Curriculum', 31/03/2014

GI unit design template for teacher/TL teams

Download PDF version from http://studentslearn.wordpress.com/presentations/sstl/

LYN HAY Director, Leading Learning Institute

Head of Professional Learning, Syba Academy Adjunct Lecturer, Charles Sturt University

QUESTIONS?

GUIDED INQUIRY An Instructional Framework for … INQUIRY An Instructional Framework for Designing...

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