Hagedorn states and Thermalization DM2010, High Density Nuclear Matter, Stellenbosch, South Africa...

Hagedorn states and

Thermalization

DM2010, High Density Nuclear Matter, Stellenbosch, South Africa

(courtesyL. Ferroni)

Hadronization at the phase boundary…?

Hadronization – molecular dynamical simulation

C. Traxler et al., PRC59 1620 (1999)

… Hagedorn spectrum

Hadron Resonance Gas with Hagedorn States and comparison to lattice QCD close to

• Hagedorn spectrum:

• RBC collaboration:

J. Noronha-Hostler, J. Noronha, CG arXiv:0909.2908

The order and shape of QGP phase transitionI.Zakout, CG and J. Schaffner-Bielich, NPA 781 (2007) 150,

PRC78:034916 and arXiv: 1002.3119

)4(~),( ][)2( Bvmemcvm BHTm

density of states:4

1

)( B

Crossover transition in bag-like models

L. Ferroni and V. Koch, PRC79 (2009) 034905

][)(~)( BHTm

emcm density of states:

Strangeness production at SpS energies

J. Geiss

Production of Antihyperons:QGP signature…?

P. Koch, B. Müller, J. Rafelski

Production of Anti-Baryons

R.Rapp and E. Shuryak, Phys.Rev.Lett.86 (2001) 2980

C.Greiner and S.Leupold, J.Phys. G27 (2001) L95

Multimesonic channels

But

But:

SPS

Chemical Freeze-out and of QCD

Hadronic resonance gas

vs. lattice:

(P. Braun-Munzinger, J. Stachel, C. Wetterich, Phys.Lett.B596:61-69 (2004))

Chemical equilibration of baryon / anti-baryons:

Multimesonic channels:

Possible solution by Hagedorn states

C. Greiner, P. Koch, F. Liu, I. Shovkovy, H. Stöcker

J.Phys.G31 (2005)

Estimate for baryon/antibaryon production

(Micro)canonical decay of Hagedorn States(Fuming Liu)

Rate EquationsJ. Noronha-Hostler, CG, I. Shovkovy, PRL 100:252301, 2008; and arXiv:0909.2908

Decay Widths

Linear fit (PDG)

Baryon anti-baryon decay ((micro)canonical)

the average proton number is

Analogously for Kaons, Lambdas and Omegas (!)

for

Time Scale Estimate

Assuming and

where and

Rising Populations

• pions and HS held at equilibrium:

kaons

protons

Expanding fireball

Varying parameters has only small effect!

protons

Varying parameters has only small effect!

kaons

Lambdas

Omegas

M. Beitel

The strange sector of baryons/antibaryons

Importance of baryonic HS ?

Summary Potential Hagedorn States close to critical temperature:

can explain fast chemical equilibration by HS regeneration roughly:

roughly:

smaller shear viscosity of QCD matter at

Future: embedding into UrQMD

J. Noronha-Hostler, M. Beitel, CG,

I.Shovkovy arXiv:0909.2908, PRC in press

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

many thanks, Jean

Particle Ratios as a Probe of the QCD Critical Temperature

J. Noronha-Hostler, H. Ahmad, J. Noronha, CG, arXiv:0906.3960

Hagedorn States provide a unique method to compare lattice results for Tc using thermal fits

Hagedorn states provide a lower chi^2 than thermal fits without Hagedorn states

Transport Coefficients of Hadronic Matter near

J. Noronha-Hostler, J. Noronha, CG, PRL103:172302 (2009)

While both η (due to the small MFP of HS) and s increase with increasing T, the entropy increases quicker close to Tc, which decreases η/s.

of a hadron gas including HS matches well with the lattice at

HRG

HS

39

Baryonfusion

Quark annihilation

Recombination

Three-particle interactions through parton rearrangement

Elliptic flow excitation function

UrQMD+ Recombination, Baryonfusion, Quark annihilation[H.Petersen et al. , arXiv:0805.0567v1 (2008)] [G.Gräf, diploma thesis, Frankfurt (2009)]

Lambda multiplicity

Same mechanism previously implemented in QGSM[Bleibel , Burau et al. , arXiv: nucl-th/0610021 (2007)][Bleibel , Burau et al. , arXiv: 0711.3366 (2008)]

- preliminary -

C.Greiner, AIP Conf. Proc. 644:337 (2003)

production at RHIC

I. Shovkovy, J. Kapusta (2003)

Thermal rates within chiral SU(3) description

Chemical population ofbaryons / anti-baryons:

P. Huovinen, J. Kapusta (2004)

Insufficient by a factor of 3 to 4

!

!

!