High Rise Fires - Tall Building Fire Safety

High Rise FiresSantiago Fire DepartmentSergio Selman Hasbún6th International Tall Building Fire Safety Conference June 20th 2019

Cuerpo de Bomberos de Santiago

José Luis Claro y Cruz1826 - 1901

1980’s

2010’s

1970 1982 1992 20172002

17.5%1.14m12.2%

486k8.2%254k8.6%

215k6.3%116k

Residential Apartment nationwide, as % of total housing

62.8%Homes on Buildings

“Top 10” High Rise Buildings in Chile

Eduardo Rivas MeloStation 13 “Bomba Providencia”

36 LODD – 21.Mar.1981

Rio Alto Building (Concepción – Chile)

Office Residential Social

Torres de BilbaoResidential, 8th FloorDecember 2018

EN

GIN

ET

RU

CK

AE

RIA

L“10-0-2” HR CALL 1st FIRE ALARM

OT

HE

RS

High-Rise Fires SOP

(a) Scene

Recognition

(b) Evaluation &

Priorities Definition

(c) Determine Action

Plan

(d) Execution

Defensive Offensive

SOP Diagram

Operation Leader1st Engine or Truck

S&R Team1st Truck

iRIT2nd Truck

IC (Lobby)1st Engine or Truck

Fire Attack1st Engine

Fire Attack Support2nd Engine

And if the Stand Pipe fails?

Plan A – Hanging Inside Plan B – Hanging Outside

And if the Stand Pipe fails?

Plan A – Hanging Inside Plan B – Hanging Outside

Plan C – Build your own Stand Pipe

Thinking Process – The ”Top 5”

1. Smoke 2. Fire 3. Fire Spread

4. Victims & Evac. 5. Hydraulics

2nd Fire Alarm “Zenteno” 17th to 22nd floor – January 2018

18:57 19:00 19:27 19:33 END

Long Story Short

17

18

19

20

21

22

Interior Walls (Vulcanita / Metalcom)

- Low fire resistance.

- No fire compartmentalization.

PVC Windows

- PVC Collapse at +100 Cº(aluminium melts at +600 Cº)

- Risk of complete Windows falling.

- No norm on window fire resistance

No balconies or ledge.

- Free flow of hot air and overheated

gases.

- No protection of the concrete of the

balconies.

Construction Issues

1

1

2

2

3

3

Learning Point

17

18

19

20

21

22

3rd Fire Alarm “Alcantara Medical Center” Complete Building – January 2014

4:01 4:21 4:53

Long Story Short

All were different floor plans.

2 Underground floors

Additional electric installations to supply the new needs in a +20 years old medical building

Shopping Mall on street level.

High fire load, Radioactive material.

Later modifications to floor plans.

Full façade, closed stairs, HVAC off.

Construction Issues

Learning Point

Challenge #1: More & Older

Challenge #2: Taller

Challenge #2: Taller (and weaker?)

Challenge #3: Mixed Use Buildings

Challenge #4: Social High-Rise Apartments

Challenge #5: Safety Culture

Challenge #6: Preplanning

Challenge #7: World Class FD & Share

TRANSMIT

STAIR CLIMB RACE

1.350 fire fightersCostanera Center Tower

62 FloorsSeptember 1st, 2019

FINISH 62th Floor

START

ALMOST THERE

Questions?

emailsergio.selman.20@cbs.cl