HMC- Common Nutrition-Related Diseases (20 minutes)

Common Nutrition-Related Diseases

Nutrition-Related Diseases/Conditions

Top 10 Causes of Death in the U.S.

Intentional Self-Harm (suicide): 41,149

Intentional Self-Harm (Suicide)

Nephritis, Nephrotic Syndrome, and Nephrosis: 47,112

Influenza and Pneumonia: 56,979

Diabetes: 75,578Alzheimer’s Disease: 84,767

Stroke (Cerebrovascular Disease): 128,978

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Accidents (unintentional injuries): 130,557

Chronic Lower Respiratory Diseases: 149,205

Cancer: 584,881

Heart Disease: 611,105

A Web of Nutrition-Related Diseases

How Does My Diet Affect My Health?• Improves overall health• Helps prevent onset of some disease• Reduces symptoms of chronic disease

Diseases Linked to Nutrition

• Obesity• Cardiovascular

Disease • Hypertension• Coronary Artery Disease• Stroke

• Diabetes

Why Obesity Is A Concern

Overweight: BMI of 25.0-25.9Obese: BMI of 30.0 or higherBMI: Body Mass Index

• Measure of a person’s weight relative to his/her height

In America Today:• 2 in 3 adults are overweight or obese• 1 in 3 children are overweight or obese

Pennsylvania StatisticsThis is a table representative of children grades K-6 (ages 5-12).

Pennsylvania Statistics (cont.)This is a table representative of children grades 7-12 (ages 12-18).

Perception May Be the Problem

Diseases Linked to Nutrition

• Obesity• Cardiovascular

Disease • Hypertension• Coronary Artery Disease• Stroke

• Diabetes

Cardiovascular Disease

• Hypertension• Coronary Artery Disease• StrokeRisk Factors:

• Alcohol and tobacco abuse• Too much sodium and fat in diet• Too little potassium in diet• Lack of physical activity• Overweight/obese• Stress

Are Cardiovascular Disease and Heart Disease the same thing?

Hypertension• Commonly known as high blood pressure• 77.9 million people in the U.S. have

hypertension• Many people that have hypertension are

unaware they have it• Fortunately, can be easily detected

• Untreated, it can lead to heart attacks, heart failure, strokes, and kidney failure

Hypertension• What is it?

• A condition present when blood flows through the arteries with a force greater than normal

• What to do?• Make an appointment with your doctor

• Hereditary• Monitor at home• Check food labels regularly• Limit alcohol and tobacco use• Exercise regularly• Take medication as directed

Coronary Artery Disease• What are coronary arteries?

• The major blood vessels that supply your heart with blood, oxygen and nutrients

• What is Coronary Artery Disease?• A result of plaque buildup in your arteries, narrowing

them and blocking blood flow to your heart

• What happens when plaque builds up?• Damaged arteries cause plaque to clump• Arteries become rigid and narrow, causing a blockage• Over time, plaque clumps can rupture and create

blood clots

Coronary Artery Disease (cont.)

Photo credit: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute

Stroke• A stroke occurs when blood flow to the

brain is interrupted by a blood clot or a burst blood vessel

• 795,000 Americans have a stroke every year• About 610,000 are new strokes• About 185,000 are stroke survivors who go on to have

anotherHow are a heart attack and a stroke similar?

Stroke Risk Factors

Lifestyle:• Overweigh

t or obese• Physical

inactivity• Heavy

drinking• Illicit drug

use

Medical:• High blood

pressure • Smoking• High

cholesterol• Diabetes• Sleep apnea

Other:• Family

history• Age 55+• Race• Gender

Diseases Linked to Nutrition

• Obesity• Cardiovascular

Disease • Hypertension• Coronary Artery Disease• Stroke

• Diabetes

Diabetes• Diabetes is a disorder in which the

body has trouble regulating its blood sugar levels

• Almost 30 million adults and children in the United States have diabetes• 8 million undiagnosed

• 86 million Americans have prediabetes• 1 in 3 Americans will have diabetes by year 2050 if

current trend continues

Metabolic Syndrome• Raises your risk for Coronary Artery

Disease, Stroke, and Diabetes• 2x more likely to develop Coronary Artery Disease• 5x more likely to develop Diabetes

• You must have 3 of 5 factors to be diagnosed with Metabolic Syndrome

Metabolic SyndromeThe 5 Risk Factors:• A large waistline• A high triglyceride level• A low HDL cholesterol level• High blood pressure• High fasting blood sugar

What You Can Do TodaySmall changes can yield big results• Take 10• Be an active parent• Find support• Mix it up• Workout during TV timehttp://www.choosemyplate.gov/ten-tips

References• American Heart Association• U.S. National Library of Medicine• Mayo Clinic• Office of Disease Prevention and Health

Promotion• Centers For Disease Control and

Prevention• National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute• American Diabetes Association