Homeroom Good morning! Have a seat, anywhere. Remain in your seat, quietly

Homeroom

•Good morning!

•Have a seat, anywhere.

•Remain in your seat, quietly.

Do Now•Take a piece of construction paper,

2 sheets of notebook paper, and one colored pencil. Have a seat in a desk.

•Fold the construction paper in half (hot-dog style). On one side, write your name and draw/write 3 things that represent things you like.

Syllabus

•Follow along! Let’s take some notes in the margin.

Mingle!!

•Are you ready to MINGLE?! (I bet not.)

Notes•How do we take notes?

•Name, Date, Period at top right hand corner of the paper.

•Heading at the top: Geography Notes

•Fold your paper down the center.

•What do I take down? What’s the important information?write down term,

definition, and something to help you

remember it (extra details, ideas, etc.)

Why do we study HISTORY?

•Helps us understand people and societies

•... change and how today’s society came to be.

•... importance of history in our own lives

•... importance of good citizenship.

•provides identity

(write down at least 3)

5 Themes of Geography

•Location: Where something is positioned.

•Place: Human and physical characteristics of a place.

•Movement: How ideas, goods, resources, communication, and humans travel and move from place to place.

on left hand side,

draw/write an example of each theme

5 Themes of Geography•Region: A group of places that has

a common set of characteristics.

•Human-Environment Interaction: How humans affect the environment; how they adapt to and modify the land.

on left hand side,

draw/write an example of each theme

Geography- What do you KNOW?

•On the back of your notes, write the following continents: North America, South America, Europe, Asia, Africa, Australia, Antarctica.

•Next to each continent, answer these 2 questions.

•1) What countries are in that continent?

•2) What do you know about this continent? List at least 2 facts (or stereotypes)

•When you’re finished, turn to the partner next to you and share your answers to #2. What did your partner know that you did not?

Journal

•You will write about this prompt for 5 minutes. It is a timed write, so don’t worry about going quickly. You must write for all 5 minutes.

•Pick one of the 5 themes of geography. Explain how it pertains to your community here in Charlotte.

•Homework? See the board!

Do Now

•Scavenger Hunt

•Take a paper from the desk, and begin working. You will need to move around to complete this Do Now.

Grab: One Scavenger Hunt and One Graphic

Organizer

Review

•What are the 5 themes of geography? Give an example of each.

•What is one reason we study world history?

•What are the 7 continents?

Mapping Activity

•Complete the activity for your continent, individually at first.

•Then show your partner your continent.

•We need to know where things are in the WORLD in order to study WORLD HISTORY.

What is important about early humans?•1- Culture- society’s knowledge,

art, beliefs, customs, and values

•2- Patterns of civilization

•nomads: moving from place to place following animal herds

•hunter-gatherers: hunting, fishing, gathering wild plants/berries

Technology•tools- crude chipped stones, bones, wood

•(slowly improve weapons to make spears, then canoes, bows, etc.)

•shelter- pit houses (dug into the ground, then covered with roofs of branches and leaves)

•Art?? cave art, made out of clay/coal/iron, shows hunting scenes and real life

STONE AGE: Prehistoric period; people made tools

from stone

Paleolithic Era

Community Life

•society- community of people who share a common culture

•Stone Age societies developed cultures with a language, art, and spiritual beliefs

•spiritual beliefs: animism- all things in nature have spirits

Think-Pair-Share

•Some people say humans evolved from apes. Do you agree with this? Write 3-5 sentences explaining why or why not.

•Then, turn to a partner and share with them.

Early Humans•First appeared in Africa between 5

million and 200,000 years ago

•First type: Australopithecine

•Stood upright, walked on 2 legs

•Brain was 1/3 the size of modern humans

Write this under the first blank in

the graphic organizer

Groups

•p. 7-8 in your book

•Complete your assigned species in your group; work together!

Journal

•What was the culture of early humans? Describe it using complete sentences.

•How does this compare to our culture today? How are they SIMILAR?

Agriculture•Neolithic Revolution- the

introduction of agriculture and a shift from food gathering to food production

•Domestication- growing of plants/animals to make them more useful to humans

Why does domestication make animals more useful to humans?

Do Now

•Complete this survey, please.

•When you are finished, sit quietly.

Review

•What are the 5 themes of geography? Give me an example of one of them.

•What was the Stone Age?

•Did “cave men” have art? What kinds of houses did they live in?

•What was the Neolithic Revolution?

Agriculture

•people worked in fields and tended livestock

•more food was available -> people spent more time doing other activities

•some people: crafts and tools

•TRADE INCREASES -> (I want what you’ve made) -> society becomes more complex

•differences in social status emerges (men become authority figures)

How did agricultural society change the life of a human?

TIMELINE

•Put yourselves in order.

•Earliest at the back by TV.

•Latest (most recent) at front by board.

•Use teamwork!!

1. Based on this map, where would you build a civilization? Why?

2. What happened in the Neolithic Revolution?

Mesopotamia

•Fertile Crescent- large band of fertile land b/w mountains and deserts

•Mesopotamia- land between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers

•as early as 5500 BC (people farming there)

River Civilizations•Why live by a river?!

•River transportation- early civilizations could trade goods and ideas

•Flooding- rivers flood the valleys, leaving behind fertile soil

•Irrigation- farming; irrigation canals channeled water to farmers’ crops

•Today?... How do we use water in modern civilizations? Where does our water come from?

Are supplies of clean water unlimited?

Catal Huyuk•Neolithic village in

present-day Turkey

•6000 BC

•Held 5000-6000 people

•covered more than 30 acres

•During the BRONZE AGE

Inquiry: What would we want to know about this

village?

Catal Huyuk•Turn to p. 17 in your

text.

•This is a picture of Catal Huyuk (or what they think it looked like).

•Based on this picture, let’s infer why they lived the way they lived.

Catal Huyuk1.How many houses were there?

2.Were there any streets? Why or why not? How do you think this affected their way of life?

3.What did the people of Catal Huyuk do for sustenance? (also state specific crops)

4.How did villagers water their fields? Evaluate this system. Is it effective?

5.What are 3 reasons villagers may have had openings to their home on their rooftops?

6.What did villagers have inside their homes? How does this compare to American homes?

7.Did homes contain any art? What types?

How do they do it?•p. 26-27 in your book

•Read EITHER #1 and 3, or #2 and 3.

•Answer these questions on your paper:

•1. How do archaeologists conduct a dig?

•2. What are the tools they use?

•3. What were floors made of in Catal Huyuk? What did the floors preserve?

Sumer

Sumer•Religion: polytheism (belief in many

gods)

•Technology: developed a math system, used geometry. INVENTED THE WHEEL and PLOW.

•ONE MORE COOL THING!- Let’s discover it.

Gods like humans?

Bronze Age?

Simulation

•You have a list of objects or things in front of you.

•Together, memorize these.

•Now, communicate them to the other side WITHOUT speaking or writing.

Simulation Round 2

•This time, memorize the objects.

•Now you may draw pictures to help communicate your objects.

What just happened?!

•Why were written languages developed?

•Why are written languages important?

Sumer•cuneiform- Sumerian writing. Used pictures/symbols to represent objects.

•kept business accounts and records, law, grammar, and literature

Reflection (5 mins)

•Do you think a society could grow without a written language? Why or why not?

•(State at least 2-3 reasons)

Do Now•What are 3 reasons the village of Catal Huyuk

had the entrances to their homes on the rooftops?

•State an example of human-environment interaction which occurred in Mesopotamia/Fertile Crescent.

•What is irrigation?

•What are 2 reasons you should settle a civilization by a river?

•What happened in the Neolithic Revolution?

Babylon

•Near modern-day Baghdad, Iraq

•Hammurabi- king (brilliant warrior; united all of Mesopotamia into Babylonian Empire)

•Increased trade (empire was very wealthy)

•Regulated taxes

•How did it expand? Started in Babylon, fought to conquer nearby people

Stations

•Explore: Hammurabi’s Code, Ishtar Gates, Hanging Gardens of Babylon

•Move through the stations at your own pace.

•You can work independently.

Assyria

•Land: fertile and was hard to defend

•Became VERY good at fighting wars and battles

•Power relied on its military

Assyrian Military Strategies1.advanced planning and technical skill

2.mining- dug beneath the city’s walls to weaken them

3.foot soldiers- marched shoulder to shoulder

4.heavy archery fire

5.battering ram- iron-tipped, used to batter and chip away at the door/walls

6.ladder- climb the ladder to the top and breach the wallsWhat to do with the

enemies?

What to do with the enemies?...

•Killed or enslaved their victims

•Split up groups, and forced captives to settle far away in the empire’s distant provinces (to prevent them from rebelling again)

•LOTR Clip: How many Assyrian battle strategies can you count? Write them down/tally as you see them

Persia•Modern-day Iran and Mesopotamia

•Cyrus the Great- united the people and conquered new land

•Achievements: Good communication!!- build roads which linked every part of the empire; had messengers on horseback

•Decorated architecture with art

•Let people keep their own customs rather than forcing them to adopt Person customs

“Nothing mortal travels so fast as these Persian

messengers... these men will not be hindered from

accomplishing at their best speed the distance which they have to go, either by snow, or rain,

or heat, or by the darkness of night.”

Roads- why was this

new/important?

Why did this make a

difference?

The DECLINE of the Empire•How do empires decline?

•Want to expand, keep expanding... so.... EMPIRE SPREAD TOO THIN

•Hard to control that much land and all its people

•Make enemies- fighting battles, converting citizens, etc.

Internal Causes

vs.Externa

l Causes

How would you... Take over an

Empire?•All 3 empires were built by taking over other peoples. They had 3 different strategies:

•1) force people to adopt one culture

•2) promote one culture as better and split up rebellious captives

•3) blend all cultures into one

• If you were creating your own empire (ex. Glaeser-Land), how would you take over and rule the people? What is the best strategy, and why?

Do Now

•If you reigned over an empire and were allowed to build ONE thing to celebrate your reign, what would you build? Describe it. Why would you build this?

Review•Babylon was in which modern-day country?

•Who was the king of Babylon?

•What were the 3 achievements from Babylon?

•How did the Assyrians take over land?

•Name 3 fighting strategies the Assyrians used.

•Tell me about PERSIA- how did they treat their victims?

Geographic

Inference

Do Now

•What have you learned about in world history so far?

•How did you see history in your lives this weekend?

Egypt

•Located in Northeast Africa

•Nile: longest river in the world

•flooded every year

•flood covered the surrounding land with rich black SILT (fertile soil)

•very REGULAR river- Egyptians worshipped it as a GOD

Risks?•When floodwaters TOO LOW: amount of silt and

water for crops was reduced (many people starved)

•floodwaters TOO HIGH: water destroyed houses, granaries, and seeds needed for planting

•However, the desert shut out other invaders from entering Egypt and taking over.

•Using river travel helped unify Egypt’s villages and promote trade.

Documents•turn to p. 86-87 in your text

•Answer the following questions about each document, discussing them with your partner.

•1. Who wrote it/made it? Who did they make it for?

•2. What is their POV/purpose for writing this? What is their opinion of the Nile?

•3. Do you agree or disagree with their statement? Why or why not?

Egyptian Art/Architecture• Pyramids @ Giza- built as tombs for kings

• Paintings- tend to be detailed and colorful

• subjects range from daily life to the gods

• characteristics: people’s torsos are seen straight on, but their heads, arms, and legs are seen from the side. Major figures are drawn LARGER than other people

• Statues- usually portray gods or pharaohs; supposed to look powerful

• Sphinx- body of a lion and head of a person

Unique Style

p. 73

Afterlife•Mummification- process of embalming

and drying the corpse to prevent it from decaying.

•Mummies were then placed inside a coffin

•coffin- filled with items the dead person could USE in the afterlife, such as jewelry, cosmetics, clothing, and food.

•Also included a book of texts called the Book of the Dead, filled with songs and poems.

Gallery Walk

•Walk around the room. Each picture is in a book or on the wall. There are 9 pictures.

•You must pick at least 3- which ones stick out to you the most?

•In your graphic organizer, fill in 5 and answer the questions.

Egyptian Society

•Kings/Queens

•Wealthy Landowners, govt. officials, priests, army commanders

•merchants, artisans

•peasant farmers and laborers

In a pyramid...

Pharaohs•3100 B.C- Egyptian kingdom

•Pharaohs were Egyptian god-kings.

•Theocracy: type of government; rule is based upon religious authority

•King had a ka- eternal life force, and built expansive tombs called pyramids.

•Polytheistic: _____________

•Re (the sun god), Osiris (god of the dead), and Isis (ideal mother) were most important gods.

•more than 2,000 gods and goddesses.

Ramses II

Modern-Day Egypt

•?? What is social media? Write down 2 types of social media that you use.

•Mubarak: former President of Egypt for 30 years

•His Presidency was marked with corruption and lack of political freedom

Social Media/Egyptian

Revolution•social media: media for social interaction, using highly accessible communication techniques

•Egypt’s citizens began protesting peacefully on Jan. 25, 2011. 18 days later, Mubarak stepped down.

•“We used Facebook to schedule protests, Twitter to coordinate, and YouTube to tell the world.”

Twitter Feeds•You live in Ancient Egypt. You are unhappy

that the Pharaoh (Ramses II) has so much power and makes all the decisions. You and your buddies decide to start a revolution.

•Your task: Create a Twitter feed that has 5 postings. Each posting must state a different fact/idea about ancient Egyptian society/culture, etc. Your goal is to 1) show me that you know about Egypt, and 2) be creative and overthrow the government.

Example Twitter Feed

•@MummyGirl202: Can’t believe Ramses believes he has a ka. Why does he need 3 pyramids anyways? #Giza #afterlife

•@OsirisII: You read the Book of the Dead lately? Ramses II needs to brush up on the jewelry, cosmetics, and what to put in his coffin! #mummification #downtoRamses

•@WalklikeEgyptian: Even when we overthrow Ramses, the Nile will still flood. It’s not like he’s a god who provides our food. #theocracy #polytheism

Do Now- Egyptian Proverbs

•Pick two of these three quotes and explain what they mean:

•1) A man’s ruin lies in his tongue.

•2) Be patient with a bad neighbor: he may move or face misfortune.

•3) A beautiful thing is never perfect.

Review•Egyptian art- describe it!

•Who ruled over Egyptian society?

•What was this type of government called?

•How many gods did they have?

•What happened when an Egyptian died?

•What river did they build their civilization around?

Everyday Egyptian life

•men and women shaved their heads and wore a wig to protect from the sun

•kohl- eyeliner that served as sun protection

•(also wore lipstick and perfume)

•Lived in family units; size of house depended on wealth of family

Egypt

•hieroglyphics: uses pictures symbols to represent objects, sounds, and ideas

•papyrus: reedy plant that made paperlike sheets

•Rosetta Stone: stone that helped decipher Egyptian hieroglyphics

Egyptian accomplishments•math- basic arithmetic and

geometry

•science- understood medicine, anatomy, hygiene, etc.

•built the pyramids- used mostly peasant labor

Prince of Egypt

•How many aspects of Egyptian society can you count in this movie clip?

•(I counted at least 7-8)

Concept Mapping- Egypt•Terms:

•Nile

•Pyramids

•Hieroglyphics

•Artwork

•Mummification

•Book of the Dead

TheocracyPolytheistic

PharaohTechnology

PapyrusKohl

DEAR

•Reading for 15 minutes.

Do Now

•What do you think are the important topics that will be on the test on Tuesday? List as many as you can think of.

River Civilizations

• You are split into groups of 3. Each group will be assigned EITHER the Indus Valley Civilization or China’s river valley civilizations.

• Your job: Make a travel brochure explaining the

• 1) geography (key terms)

• 2) cities and settlements

• 3) economy

• 4) society

• 5) decline

Indus River Valley Civilizations

•Geography

•subcontinent- landmass that is part of a continent

•Very fertile land b/c a lot of rainfall- (monsoons) -> people depended on them to bring water for crops

Cities

•well-planned and carefully laid out

•streets in a grid pattern, (major avenues twice as wide as minor streets)

•drainage systems for waste water

•Economy- based on agriculture and trade

•traded with Mesopotamia AND Central Asia

Society

•had a writing system (but we can’t figure it out!)

•suggest that all the cities were part of one civilization with one central authority

•Decline- flooding? disappearance of a river? invasion/disease?

China’s River Civilizations

•Geography- fertile soil, good climate, long rivers

•2 main rivers: Yangzi and Yellow River

•rivers flooded yearly, depositing rich soil

•Loess- fine dusty soil

•also: ISOLATED- mountains and desert prevented outsiders from invading

Shang Dynasty

•ruled by a strong monarchy (king and/or queen) and a court (wealthy nobles)

•also used governors to rule distant parts of the kingdom

•agricultural society- spent a lot of time in the fields; farmers could be called upon to work in army or build

Beliefs•ancestor worship: offered gifts to ancestors

to keep them happy and fulfilled in the afterlife

•oracle bones- hot piece of metal applied to bone, then priests interpreted the cracks

•Achievements- writing system; bronze work; huge tombs; money system?

•Decline- population grew too large; armies invaded and established a new dynasty

Zhou Dynasty

•Mandate of Heaven: the gods would support a just ruler, but they would not allow anyone corrupt to hold power (Shang lost the gods’ favor)

•dynastic cycle: rise and fall of dynasties in China

•used IRON instead of bronze

Zhou

•population grew

•farmers used new techniques (food surpluses)

•population increase, size of cities increase

•building of transportation (roads and canals)

•introduced coins and chopsticks

•conflict arose- clan leaders rose up against the Zhou and overthrew them

DEAR

•15 minutes of reading.

Do Now•What are hieroglyphics?

•Why should you settle a civilization by a river?

•What were fighting strategies of the Assyrians?

•What are the five themes of geography? How did you see one of these themes over this weekend?

Study Guide Review

•10 minutes to go over the study guide.

•If you waste this time or act out, we will go straight to the test.

Test•Keep your eyes on your own paper.

•There are 3 versions of the test- good luck cheating.

•IF you are talking or disruptive, I WILL take off 5 points for each time.

•IF you cheat- you will get an automatic zero. No questions. Paper=GONE.

•When you are finished, please raise your hand. I have individual work for you to complete.

Discuss

•Why do you think the Greek civilization developed into city-states rather than one unified countries?

•What was good and bad about the geography of Greece?

p. 145 pair-share•Read the primary source out loud to

your partner. Answer the three questions out loud to your partner. One person can write down the answer.

•Then, turn to your neighboring pair and compare your answer. Whoever did not write the answer down will read it out loud.