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Implicit Human Computer Ineraction Through Context
Albrecht Schmidt Telecooperation Office(TecO),University of Karlsruhe,Karlsruhe,GermanyPersonal and Ubiquitous Computing Journal, Springer Verlag London, ISSN:1617-4909, Volume 4, Numbers 2-3 / Juni 2000. DOI:10.1007/BF01324126, pp. 191-199 (initial version presented at MobileHCI1999).
outline Introduction Implicit Intercation Perception How Can HCI Benefit from Conext? Conclusion and Further Work
Introduction Looking at HCI, it is apparent that
interaction techniques are limited by the technology available
In this paper we start with the perception of simple concepts and with their exploitation
Implicit Interatcion Implicit vs. explicit HCI What is context? Applicatiobs in context Identifying implicit HCI Modelling implicit HCI
Implicit vs. explicit HCI The implicit interaction is based on
two main concepts:‧perception‧interpretation
Implicit interaction will be used additionally to explicit interaction
Implicit vs. explicit HCI The ability to have perception of
the use, the environment, and the circumstances
Mechanisms to understand what the sensors see, hear and feel
Applications that can make use of this information
What is context? What is definition of context? In this paper they propose to
regard situational context, such as location or state of the device, as implicit input to the system
Applications in context It can be observed that an
application is:‧running on a specific device‧at a certain time‧used by one or more users‧in a certain physical environment‧in a social setting‧to solve a particular task
Indentifying implicit HCI What happens around an application
while the application is in use? Do the surroundings carry any
valuable information for the application?
Are there any means to capture and extract the information?
How to understand the information?
Indentifying implicit HCI 1. create the set C 2. set D = {} 3. for each Ci ∈ C
define Ai. // accuracydefine Ui. // update rateidentify Si // a sensor device// that is appropriateif cost(Si, Ai, Ui) is acceptable then
D = D ∪{( Ci, Si, Ai, Ui)}next
4. if D ≠ {} thenfor each vector Di in D
define a set of application reaction Ri = {(Iij, Rij)}// Iij is input range, application reaction pairs Iij// Rij is application reaction
else// implicit interaction is not used//(either no condition that are useful or too costly)
Indentifying implicit HCI 1:C is the set of surrounding conditions
each Ci stands for one condiction 3.If the cost for the identified sensing device
Di is acceptable,then the vecter describing to the set D
4.for each of conditions range values that are meaningful are identified and for ranges the reaction is defined
Modelling implicit HCI<!ELEMENT context_interaction
(context , action )><!ELEMENT context (group+ )><!ELEMENT group (#PCDATA )><!ATTLIST group match
(one | all | none ) #REQUIRED ><!ELEMENT action (#PCDATA )><!ATTLIST action
time CDATA ’0’trigger (enter | leave | in )
#REQUIRED >
Data type definition
Modelling implicit HCI<context_interaction><context>
<group match=’one’>sensor_module.touchpilot.on
</group><group match=’none’>
sensor_module.alonepilot.pen_down
</group></context><action trigger=’enter’ time=’3’>
pilot.notepad.confidential</action></context_interaction>
Context description
Perception Context awareness component Sensor board Related work on context sensing
Context awareness component
The specific contexts in this paper are based on aural information
Sensor board They build a context recognition
device equipped with a light sensor, acceleration sensor, a passive infrared sensor, a touch sensor, and a temperature sensor
Related work on context sensing
A cup can aware of its statee.g. warm, cold, on table, drinking, moved
A jacket that knows if it is on the hanger or with user is persented
How can HCI benefit from context
Output in context Input in context Context notepad on a palmpilot
Output in context Adapt the output to the current
situation Find the most suitable time
interruption Reduce the need for interruptions
Input in context adapt the input system to the
current situation Limit need for input Reduce selection space
Context NotePad on a PalmPilot
On/Off Fontsize Backlight Privacy settings
Conclusion and Further Work The most important thing that
system understands as input What happens around the
appliction How can this be sensed How to interpret this information
Thank you
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