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Sea Change – November 2005
Marine surveillance & Incursion Response
In the 2003/04 year MAF Quarantine inspected an estimated 23,000 aircraft, 3,500 vessels, 430,000 sea containers, 41,000 personal effects, 155, 000 used vehicles, 3.8 million passengers and 54 million mail items
Marine BiosecurityMarine BiosecuritySurveillance & Incursion ResponseSurveillance & Incursion Response
AU1
Slide 2
AU1 Authorised User, 3/11/2004
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Sea Change – November 2005
Marine surveillance & Incursion Response
International ContextInternational Context• Marine Biosecurity is in its infancy globally
• The threat to marine ecosystems posed by aquatic invasive species only gained international prominence in the mid-1980’s
• The introduction of harmful aquatic organisms to new environments is now recognised as one of the four greatest threats to the worlds oceans.
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Sea Change – November 2005
Marine surveillance & Incursion Response
Marine Biosecurity in New ZealandMarine Biosecurity in New Zealand• Marine biosecurity identified as a discrete biosecurity
outcome only in 1997.
• First substantial funding for marine biosecurity contained in the 2000 Budget: total baseline $2.4m pa.
• Funding for increased marine biosecurity capability contained in the 2004 Budget: total baseline $6.7m pa.
• Central Government marine biosecurity programmefocussed on risk management at national level.
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Sea Change – November 2005
Marine surveillance & Incursion Response
Marine biosecurity in New ZealandMarine biosecurity in New Zealand• Substantial challenges faced in developing a marine
biosecurity system– Marine borders are diffuse so difficult to manage.– Our knowledge base of the marine species already in NZ waters in
poor.– Our capability to manage the risks posed by shipping is restricted to
available technologies and regulatory arrangements.– Few tools for rapid detection and identification at the border.– New Zealand taxanomic capability is limited in many marine groups.– Tools for responding to invasive species are limited in the marine
environment.
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Sea Change – November 2005
Marine surveillance & Incursion Response
Marine Biosecurity in New ZealandMarine Biosecurity in New Zealand• Solid progress made in the last 5 years to build a
marine biosecurity system.– Surveillance programmes in the main ports of entry for overseas
shipping.– Contracts to support taxanomic capability.– Substantial programme of research underway to:
• Improve our knowledge base of marine species in New Zealand.• Quantify the risk posed by fouling on ships.• Ballast water exchange compliance.• Explore technologies to manage the risks posed by ships.• Develop tools for responding to invasive species.
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Sea Change – November 2005
Marine surveillance & Incursion Response
NIKE would say…
J u s t D o i tK i l l i t!
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Sea Change – November 2005
Marine surveillance & Incursion Response
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Sea Change – November 2005
Marine surveillance & Incursion Response
General Incursion Response ProcessGeneral Incursion Response Process
INVESTIGATION PHASE
DETECTION
INITIAL RESPONSE PHASE
Plan for Ongoing Response
(Initial Response)
ONGOING RESPONSE PHASE
POST RESPONSE SURVEILLANCE
PHASE
MAINTENANCE PHASE
STAND DOWN
Transfer to Beyond Initial Response?
STAND DOWN
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Sea Change – November 2005
Marine surveillance & Incursion Response
Notification of suspect exotic organism & Interim
Identification
Not new Exotic (-ve ID) Suspect new exotic (+ve or not -ve ID)
Stand Down Establish Threat
Notify Initial Response
Investigation PhaseInvestigation Phase
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Sea Change – November 2005
Marine surveillance & Incursion Response
Many Actions Many Actions
are are
simultaneous simultaneous
rather than rather than
sequentialsequentialPreliminary impact assessment
Validate IDEstablish Unwanted Organism status
Preliminary delimiting survey
Investigate means of introduction and
spread
Consult with stakeholders
Expert, industry, community advice
Commence management
actions
Ensure appropriate legal instruments are
in place.
Determine initial response objectives
Assess, manage trade issues
Manage compensation
process
Alert Treasury & Cabinet for funding
Develop communications plan
Inform ERMA.
Assess for prosecution.
Establish response team
Initial Response PhaseInitial Response Phase
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Sea Change – November 2005
Marine surveillance & Incursion Response
Submit response options and recommendations to Cabinet
Finalise Response options analysis and identify preferred option
Economic, Social and Environmental Impact
Assessment
Cost-benefit analysis
Response options analysis
MAF
Move to Ongoing
Response?
STAND DOWN
NO
YES
Planning for Ongoing ResponsePlanning for Ongoing Response
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Sea Change – November 2005
Marine surveillance & Incursion Response
Options analysisOptions analysis
429174027Total
26395Acceptability
13377Strategic
14286Benefit-cost
-8493Practicality
-8576Technical
UncontrolledSpread
Long-TermManagementContainmentEradicationEradicationGoal
Option 5Option 4Option 3Option 2Option 1Criteria
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Sea Change – November 2005
Marine surveillance & Incursion Response
Non-govt funding arrangements
Let contracts to external suppliers
MAF Monitor and Review
Cabinet agreement to fund ongoing
response activities
Government Led Programme
Develop National Pest Management
Strategy
Industry Action
Develop ProgrammeSpecs
Local Government
Coordinate across local government
Work with local agencies
MAF Monitor and Review
Cost Recovery Options
MAF Monitor and Review
Handoverto Industry
YES
NO
Ongoing ResponseOngoing Response
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Sea Change – November 2005
Marine surveillance & Incursion Response
Increasing certainty of eradication Increasing certainty of eradication responseresponse• Effective detection• Robust impact assessments• Established response plans
with clear response options• Technical feasibility• Material net benefit• Public vs club benefit• Stakeholder
support/participation
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Sea Change – November 2005
Marine surveillance & Incursion Response
SummarySummary• Biosecurity risk is increasing.• Management of marine biosecurity risk is improving.• Improving baseline knowledge of marine organisms.• Some early detection surveillance for known high
impact organisms.• Expect to find more new exotic organisms.• No pre-prepared marine specific response plans.• Control tools being researched.
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Sea Change – November 2005
Marine surveillance & Incursion Response
StyelaStyela clavaclava responseresponse• Sea-squirt (Ascidian)• Solitary, but can form dense fouling
communities of up to 1500 per square metre
• Tough leathery animal, clubbed shaped, can grow up to 160mm long
• Potential impacts– Biodiversity– Aquaculture
• Inititial detections:– Viaduct Harbour (8 Sept 05)– Port of Lyttelton (3 Oct 05)
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Sea Change – November 2005
Marine surveillance & Incursion Response
Global distributionGlobal distribution
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Sea Change – November 2005
Marine surveillance & Incursion Response
Actions to dateActions to date• National Response Centre established• Response Steering Committee established• Declared an Unwanted Organism (10 Oct 05) • Targeted delimitation Surveys undertaken
– Waitemata Harbour, – Port of Lyttelton, – Waikawa Marina
• Public awareness campaign– Mainstream media– Advertisements– Fact sheets
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Sea Change – November 2005
Marine surveillance & Incursion Response
Current and future actionsCurrent and future actions• National Surveillance programme (NIWA)
– 25 high risk sites (underway)• Ecological Impact Assessment (BNZ)• Economic Impact Assessment (NZIER)• Treatment and control trial (Cawthron)• Movement controls investigated (BNZ)• TAG members identified (BNZ)• Investigating current impacts on Aquaculture activities
(BNZ)• Awareness campaign – key messages (BNZ):
– Report suspected non indigenous marine organisms– Clean vessel hulls before moving to a new location
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Sea Change – November 2005
Marine surveillance & Incursion Response
Where in New ZealandWhere in New ZealandConfirmed detections• Hauraki Gulf• Firth of Thames• Coromandel (Wilsons Bay)• Lyttelton Harbour• On vessel in Waikawa Marina - PictonNot detected• Whangarei (Town Port, Marsden Point, Town Basin Marina, Portland Wharf)• Mangawai Harbour• Wellington Port• Marlborough (Port of Picton, Picton Marina, Havelock)• Nelson, Golden bay (Port of Nelson, Tarakohe harbour)• Akaroa• Dunedin (Port Otago, Port Chalmers)• Bluff• Greymouth• Napier
Pending• Opua Marina, Tutakaka, New Plymouth,
Whitianga, Whakatane, Tauranga, WaikawaMarina (Picton)
Auckland
Lyttelton
Picton
HavelockNelson
Tarakohe
Greymouth
Bluff
Dunedin
Wellington
Napier
MangawaiWhangarei
Coromandel
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Sea Change – November 2005
Marine surveillance & Incursion Response
Working with industry and regional Working with industry and regional councilscouncils
• Early notification of findings and media releases
• Distribution of awareness material (fact sheets)
• Conference call updates
• Aquaculture industry– Implemented a passive surveillance system, moving to a
more formal surveillance system
– Developing a code of practice for service and harvest vessels
– Aquaculture industry liaison group established
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Sea Change – November 2005
Marine surveillance & Incursion Response
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