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INFORMATION NETWORK FOR INFORMATION NETWORK FOR EARTHQUAKE DISASTER MITIGATION INEARTHQUAKE DISASTER MITIGATION IN
DEVELOPING COUNTRIESDEVELOPING COUNTRIES
Dr. Taiki SAITOChief Researcher, IISEE
Building Research InstituteTsukuba, Japan
XIX INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM IN HONOR OF PROFESSOR YUJI ISHIYAMA
INTERNATIONAL TRAINING PROGRAM ON SEISMOLOGY AND EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING
1960~Training project started.
1962~ IISEE was established in BRI.
1963~Joint project with UNESCO
1972~The project was continued by JAPAN.
2005~Master Degree for regular course participants.
Regular CourseGlobal Seismological Observation Course
Individual Course
Seismology, Earthquake Engineering And Disaster Mitigation
Global Seismological Observation
SeismologyEarthquake Engineering
12 months 2 months Arbitrary
20 10 5
Field
Period
Max. Members
Training Courses
History
41~41~ 31~31~ 21~21~ 11~11~ 1~1~
1,164 participants from 89 countries
101
9
68
74
51
94
0 50 100 150 200
Unknown
Others
PrivateCompany
University
Research Inst.
Administration
Seismology Course
Earthquake Eng. Course
Background
Severe earthquake damage in developing countriesWeak social and economical basesLack of technical information for earthquake disaster mitigation
In order to disseminate technical informationTraining for seismologists and earthquake engineersTransfer of technical information
Algeria Earthquake 5/21,2003, BBC News
Survey Results of Ex-participants’ Perceptions
7
26
46
39
46
48
49
0 20 40
Through the IISEE
Preferred way of continuous information acquisition?(Unit: person, multiple answer allowed)
Technical cooperation between nations
Through the Internet
Journals and technical papers
Attend international workshop
Individual network
Others 10
30
32
33
40
46
59
0 20 40 60
Continue training program
What do you expect on IISEE?(Unit: person, multiple answer allowed)
International research cooperation
Serve as information center
Award degrees
Conduct seminar
New training course
Others
IISEE-netIISEE-net http://iisee.kenken.go.jhttp://iisee.kenken.go.jp/net/index.htmp/net/index.htm
Internet-based system designed to disseminate a variety of technical information regarding seismology and earthquake engineering.
Free Web site to find technical information about seismic networks, the strong motion observatory network, seismic damage archives, seismic design codes, and microzonation data of developing countries.
Technical information on IISEE-net was obtained mainly through the International Training Program on Seismology and Earthquake Engineering and its ex-participants.
IISEE-net works not only as a system to disseminate technical information, but also as an forum for interactive information exchange among research institutes and researchers in developing countries.
IISEE-netIISEE-netInformation exchange through Internet
Personal network through IISEE
Seismicity and damageImportance of design code
Individual characteristics of developing nationsTechnological support
Seismic damageSeismic networkSeismic design codeMicrozonation techniques
Seismicity and damageImportance of design code
Database
Information exchange through Internet
Personal network through IISEE
Seismicity and damageImportance of design code
Individual characteristics of developing nationsTechnological support
Seismic damageSeismic networkSeismic design codeMicrozonation techniques
Seismicity and damageImportance of design code
Database
Seismic Network
Seismic NetworkSeismic Activity
Tectonics
Example: COLOMBIA
Based on country reports by the ex-participants, the Web site provides information on approximately 50 earthquake-prone countries about their seismic networks, seismic activity, tectonics, and macrozonation.
Seismic Damage
List of Damaging Earthquake Search Engine Source Rupture Process(Colima, Mexico Earthquake)
List of damaging earthquake and its characteristics Country report for earthquake damage Distribution of after shocks, fault mechanism, wave propagation analysis
Seismic Design Code
Seismic Design Force Design Spectrum Zone Factor
Example: MEXICO
Seismic design codes of approximately 45 developing countries. A summary of the Japanese Building Standard Law European code and ISO information.
Microzonation
Microzonation of Teheran Estimated Seismic Intensity
Example: IRAN
Microzonation project reports are reported from several countries focusing on their metropolitan areas.
Seismic Intensity, liquefaction, building damage, etc.
IISEE-netIISEE-net http://iisee.kenken.go.jp/net/index.htmhttp://iisee.kenken.go.jp/net/index.htm
Seismic networkStrong motion networkHistorical earthquake damage reportsSeismic design codesMicrozonation
IISEE net
Course materialsIndividual training reportMaterials for the presentationetc.
International Training Programs on Seismology
and Earthquake Engineering
Focal mechanism Fault model Distribution of aftershocksetc.
Publication of
earthquake information
Hypocenter determinationTomographyetc.
Cooperation in seismic analysis
Interrelated projects and research
Two-way information exchange with developing countries through the internet
PROSPECTS OF IISEE-NETPROSPECTS OF IISEE-NET
Promotion of the utilization of accumulated information
Earthquake Damage Estimation System for BuildingsEarthquake Damage Estimation System for Buildings
Shortly After Earthquake
Earthquake motion/ ground
surface
Input to building
Response of building
Damage of building
probable countermeasures
Strong motion observation on site
Source characteristics
Earthquake motion/ engineering bedrock
Earthquake motion/ engineering bedrock
Geology, tectonics, seismic activities
Assumed earthquake
Transmission characteristics
Estimation of amplification characteristics
Estimation of damage
Estimation of the cost of reinforcement and repair
Seismic observation
Source characteristics
In Preparation
Estimation of soil-structure interaction
Estimation of response characteristics
IISEE NET
Promotion of the utilization of accumulated information
WaveTransfer
Source
BuildingResponse
Response of Surface Ground
Design Seismic Force
Response of Building
Damage of Building
Measures and Cost
Input Earthquake Motion
Geology, Tectonics, EQ Activity
Scenario Earthquake
Earthquake Damage Estimation MethodologiesEarthquake Damage Estimation Methodologies~ Before the Earthquake~ Before the Earthquake
1. Study Scenario Earthquake
Flowchart
2. Transmission Characteristic
3. Amplification Characteristic
4. Soil ~ structure Interaction
5. Structural Response Characteristic
6. Study Damage Probability
7. Study Effectiveness of Measures
Geology, Tectonics, Seismic Activity
andHIstory of Earthquakes
andHistory of Active Faults
Estimation Methodologies~ Required Input/ Output Data ~
Grade I(Rough Estimation)
Grade II Grade III(Detail)
Hypocenter, Magnitude Hypocenter, MagnitudeandActive Fault Parameters
Acceleration, VelocitySoil Condition of Surface
Response SpectrumSoil Condition of Surface
Seismic Intensity MapAcceleration Map,Velocity Map
Response SpectrumCondition of Foundation
Seismic IntensityStructural Conditions
Acceleration, VelocityStructural Conditions
Response SpectrumDesign Details
Seismic Index (Wall Amount)
Seismic Index(Base Shear Force)
Seismic Index(Sectional Stress/ Strain)
Damage Description( Qualitative)
Damage Description( Quantitative)
Damage Description(Much Quantitative)
Measures and Cost(Qualitative)
Measures and Cost(Quantitative)
Measures and Cot(Much Quantitative)
[Damage Function] [Damage Function] [Check of Capacity]
[Response Analysis (Linear)][Analysis of Wall Amount] {Analysis of Seismic Force]
[ Modify Natural Period, Damping Ratio ]
[ Experimental Law of Attenuation ]
[ Neglect the Effect ]
[ Amplification Factor ]
[Wave Analysis (1 Dimensional Model)]
[Response Analysis (1 Dimensional)]
[ Neglect the Effect ]
Earthquake Damage Estimation MethodologiesEarthquake Damage Estimation Methodologies~ After the Earthquake~ After the Earthquake
Response of Surface Ground
Earthquake Force to Buildings
Structural Response
Structural Damage
Measures and Cost
Input Earthquake Motion
Earthquake Observation
Earthquake Characteristics
1. Determine EQ Characteristic
Flowchart
2. Transmission Characteristic
3. Amplification Characteristic
4. Soil ~ Structure Interaction
5. Response Characteristic
6. Study Damage Probability
7. Study Effectiveness of Measures
Observed Wave Record Observed Wave Record Observed Wave Record
Estimation Methodologies~ Required Input/ Output Data ~
Grade I(~ several hours)
Grade II(~ several days)
Grade III( several days ~ )
Hypocenter, MagnitudeandFault Mechanism
Observation Data ofAcceleration, Velocity
Observation Data ofEarthquake Ground Motion
Seismic Intensity Map
Acceleration, VelocitySoil Condition of Surface
Response Spectrum (Wave)Soil Condition of Surface
Strong MotionObservation
Same as “before earthquake”
andSource Rupture Process
Source Parameters Source Parameters Source Inversion Method
Acceleration, VelocityStructural Conditions
Response Spectrum (Wave)Design Details
Experimental Law of Attenuation Wave Analysis
Amplification Factor Response Analysis
Example of Estimation Methodologies Seismic Source
Source Before Earthquake
Grade 1 Step 1. Go to IISEE-net web site
Step 2. Search damaging earthquake from Catalog
Ex.) Search parameters: casualty > 1,000
Example of Estimation Methodologies Wave Transmission
Intensity PGA, PGV Res. Spectra Waveform
Grade 0 Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3
Hypocenter Fault Plane HeterogeneousRupture
Propagation
Amplification
Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3
Source
Epi-/Hypo-central Dist. Minimum Dist. to fault plane Equivalent Hypo. Dist.
Intensity at reference ground PGA, PGV Fourier SpectraRandum PhaseWaveform
At Engineering Bedrock
At Ground Surface
Stochastic Green’s FunctionWaveform Synthesis
for each ground classification
Intensity AnomalyEmpirically Obtained
for each ground classification
Empirical Amplificationfactor with AVS30
Empirical SiteEffect Spectra
(Non-linear) dynamic response analysis of soil layers
Empirical Attenuation Relation
Intensity PGA, PGV Res. Spectra Waveform
Grade 0 Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3
Hypocenter Fault Plane HeterogeneousRupture
Propagation
Amplification
Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3
Source
Epi-/Hypo-central Dist. Minimum Dist. to fault plane Equivalent Hypo. Dist.
Intensity at reference ground PGA, PGV Fourier SpectraRandum PhaseWaveform
At Engineering Bedrock
At Ground Surface
Stochastic Green’s FunctionWaveform Synthesis
for each ground classification
Intensity AnomalyEmpirically Obtained
for each ground classification
Empirical Amplificationfactor with AVS30
Empirical SiteEffect Spectra
(Non-linear) dynamic response analysis of soil layers
Empirical Attenuation Relation
Example of Estimation Methodologies Attenuation Law (Excel Software)
0.28log ofdeviation standard
(km) rupturefault and sitebetween distanceshortest :
MagnitudeMoment :
Magnitude WaveSurface:
MagnitudeAgency icalMeteorologJapan :
)(cm/sec components horizontal twofromon acceleratipeak theofmean :
22.10033.0)10025.0(log42.0log
28.10033.0)10030.0(log41.0log
59.00033.0)10006.0(log51.0log
10
2
42.01010
41.01010
51.01010
A
R
M
M
M
A
RRMA
RRMA
RRMA
W
S
J
MW
MS
MJ
W
S
J
Example of Estimation Methodologies Building Vulnerability (GESI Method)
Quality of design (0-3)Quality of construction (0-3)Quality of materials (0-1)
Rating Scheme
1. None, slight or moderate2. Extensive3. Partial collapse4. Complete collapse
Damage State
ConclusionsConclusions
Earthquake Damage Estimation System for Buildings (EDES-B) will provides Manual and Database of methodologies
Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3
Source Method 1
Method 2
….
Transmission
Amplification
Soil-Structure Interaction
Building Response
Damage
IISEE NET
Promotion of the utilization of accumulated information
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