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Introduction to column
• Columns act as vertical supports to beams and slabs, and to transmit the loads to the foundations.
• Columns are primarily compression members, although they may also have to resist bending moment transmitted by beams.
• Columns may be classified as short or slender, braced or unbraced depending on various dimensional and structural factors.
Column sections
• Common column cross sections are: (a)
square, (b) circular and (c) rectangular section.
• The greatest dimension should not exceed
four times its smaller dimension. (h ≤ 4b).
• For h>4b, the member should be regarded as a
wall for design purpose.
Failure modes of columns
• Columns may fail in one of three mechanisms:
1. Compression failure of the concrete or steel reinforcement;
2. Buckling
3. Combination of buckling and compression failure.
• Compression failure is likely to occur with columns which are short and stocky.
• Buckling is probable with columns which are long and slender.
Failure modes of columns
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