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Introduction to Computers
Lesson 6ALesson 6A
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The Operating System (OS)
The operating system (OS) is software
that controls the interaction between
hardware and user software
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User Interface
The items you see on the computer
screen are the user interface
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Graphical User Interface (GUI)
A GUI is a user interface that is made
up of graphic objects instead of text
commands
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Desktop
The computer’s main interface
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Icons
The graphic objects that you see on the
desktop are called icons
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Taskbar
The taskbar appears at the bottom of
the Windows desktop and lets you
launch and manage software programs
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Start Button and Start Menu
Click the Start button to open the Start
menu, which provides access to your
software programs
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Shortcut or Context Menu
Right-click on an object to access a
shortcut or context menu that has the
object’s most-used commands
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Window
When a software program runs, it
appears in a rectangular frame, called a
window
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Parts of a Window
Title bar
Minimize, Maximize and Close buttons
Scroll bars
Toolbars
Menu bar
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Active Window
The window that is currently in use
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Menus and the Menu Bar
You choose some tasks from
commands in lists called menus,
accessed from the menu bar
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Dialog Box
Gives you choices for what you want
the software to do next
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Clipboard
Temporary holding area for data that is being copied or moved
Choosing Edit: Cut or Copy places information on the Clipboard
Edit: Paste places the information from the Clipboard into the document
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Multitasking
The computer’s ability to perform two or
more procedures simultaneously
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Two Kinds of Multitasking
Cooperative multitasking
Preemptive multitasking
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File Management
Manage files by saving them in folders
in a hierarchical file system
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How the Operating System Manages Hardware
Processing Interrupts
Providing Drivers
Networking computers
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Utility
A utility is a software program that
enhances or extends the operating
system’s capabilities
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Kinds of Utilities
Disk defragmenter
Data compression
Backup
Disk management
Screen savers
Lesson 6ALesson 6A
The Operating System and The Operating System and User InterfaceUser Interface
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Review Questions
What is the Operating System?
What is a Graphical User Interface?
What is the Clipboard?
What are the two kinds of
multitasking?
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