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Georgetown SFS IR Midterm 1 Slides
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5/26/2018 IR Midterm 1 Review
1/26
Introduction
toInternational
Relations
Yu-Ming Liou
Exam Format
Grading
Procedures
ExampleQuestions
Conclusion
Introduction to International Relations
Midterm 1 Review
Yu-Ming Liou
Department of Government
Georgetown University
February 14, 2014
Yu-Ming Liou Introduction to International Relations
http://find/5/26/2018 IR Midterm 1 Review
2/26
Introduction
toInternational
Relations
Yu-Ming Liou
Exam Format
Grading
Procedures
ExampleQuestions
Conclusion
Exam Format
75-minute Exam
Yu-Ming Liou Introduction to International Relations
http://find/5/26/2018 IR Midterm 1 Review
3/26
Introduction
toInternational
Relations
Yu-Ming Liou
Exam Format
Grading
Procedures
ExampleQuestions
Conclusion
Exam Format
75-minute Exam
Blue Book
Yu-Ming Liou Introduction to International Relations
http://goforward/http://find/http://goback/5/26/2018 IR Midterm 1 Review
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Introduction
toInternational
Relations
Yu-Ming Liou
Exam Format
Grading
Procedures
ExampleQuestions
Conclusion
Exam Format
75-minute Exam
Blue BookQuestion Formats:
Multiple Choice (10)ShortAnswer (10)Essay (1)
Yu-Ming Liou Introduction to International Relations
http://find/5/26/2018 IR Midterm 1 Review
5/26
Introduction
toInternational
Relations
Yu-Ming Liou
Exam Format
Grading
Procedures
ExampleQuestions
Conclusion
Grading Procedures
All TAs will grade from a common rubric.
Yu-Ming Liou Introduction to International Relations
http://find/5/26/2018 IR Midterm 1 Review
6/26
Introduction
toInternational
Relations
Yu-Ming Liou
Exam Format
Grading
Procedures
ExampleQuestions
Conclusion
Grading Procedures
All TAs will grade from a common rubric.
Grade reviews can begin 48 hours after the exam.
Yu-Ming Liou Introduction to International Relations
http://find/5/26/2018 IR Midterm 1 Review
7/26
Introduction
toInternational
Relations
Yu-Ming Liou
Exam Format
Grading
Procedures
ExampleQuestions
Conclusion
Grading Procedures
All TAs will grade from a common rubric.
Grade reviews can begin 48 hours after the exam.
Your grade may go down as well as up.
Yu-Ming Liou Introduction to International Relations
http://goforward/http://find/http://goback/5/26/2018 IR Midterm 1 Review
8/26
Introduction
toInternational
Relations
Yu-Ming Liou
Exam Format
Grading
Procedures
ExampleQuestions
Conclusion
Grading Procedures
All TAs will grade from a common rubric.
Grade reviews can begin 48 hours after the exam.
Your grade may go down as well as up.
Final appeal to Professor Lieber.
Yu-Ming Liou Introduction to International Relations
http://goforward/http://find/http://goback/5/26/2018 IR Midterm 1 Review
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Introduction
toInternational
Relations
Yu-Ming Liou
Exam Format
Grading
Procedures
ExampleQuestions
Conclusion
Multiple Choice 1
Question 1. Which of the following schools assumes thatmost nation-states are rational, unitary actors pursuing
goals of national interest, irrespective of their form ofgovernment or type of economic organization?
(A) Internationalist(B) Constructivist(C) Realist
(D) Transnationalist
Yu-Ming Liou Introduction to International Relations
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Introduction
toInternational
Relations
Yu-Ming Liou
Exam Format
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ExampleQuestions
Conclusion
Multiple Choice 2
Question 2. In his discussion of the pre-modern East
Asian states system, Kang argues:(A) Other East Asian states balanced against China.(B) Regional institutions led to a stable hegemonic order.(C) Conflict was avoided because of shared political culture.(D) Peace was ensured by Chinese defenses.
Yu-Ming Liou Introduction to International Relations
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Introduction
toInternational
Relations
Yu-Ming Liou
Exam Format
Grading
Procedures
ExampleQuestions
Conclusion
Multiple Choice 3
.
Question 3. Which culture of anarchy does Wendt
argue best describes the contemporary internationalsystem?
(A) Hegelian anarchy(B) Hobbesian anarchy(C) Kantian anarchy
(D) Lockeian anarchy
Yu-Ming Liou Introduction to International Relations
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Introduction
toInternational
Relations
Yu-Ming Liou
Exam Format
Grading
Procedures
ExampleQuestions
Conclusion
Short Answer 1
Question 4. Briefly describe the Prisoners Dilemmaand its relevance to International Relations.
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Introduction
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Yu-Ming Liou
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Procedures
ExampleQuestions
Conclusion
Short Answer 2
Question 5. Name the Levels of Analysis.
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Introduction
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Yu-Ming Liou
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Procedures
ExampleQuestions
Conclusion
Short Answer 3
Question 6. What does anarchy mean in InternationalRelations?
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Introduction
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Yu-Ming Liou
Exam Format
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ExampleQuestions
Conclusion
Essay 1
Question 7. Explain democratic peace theory. Why are
democracies less likely to fight other democracies? Doesthis mean that recent transitions to democracy will lead tomore cooperation among states? Why or why not?
Yu-Ming Liou Introduction to International Relations
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Introduction
toInternationalRelations
Yu-Ming Liou
Exam Format
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Procedures
ExampleQuestions
Conclusion
Essay 2
Question 8. Most realists assume that states are rationalactors. What does this assumption mean for varioustheories of International Relations?
Yu-Ming Liou Introduction to International Relations
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Introduction
toInternationalRelations
Yu-Ming Liou
Exam Format
Grading
Procedures
ExampleQuestions
Conclusion
Make sure you know THIS!
Theory Assumptions State Interests (and HowStates Achieve Them) Implications Prospects forCooperation Causes of Conflict Policy Implications Bumper Sticker
Classical Realism(Individual level)
Example:
H. Morgenthau
Human nature is to
lust for power.States are unitary,
rational actors in an
anarchic international
system;
Interests defined by power.
Power is an end to be
sought.States compete with
each other for power. Slim to none on i ssuesof great consequence. Imbalances in power;lust for power. Balance power. Humans lust forpower. Warresults.
Defensive Realism(System level)
Examples:
R. Jervis
K. Waltz
States are unitary,
rational actors in an
anarchic international
system.
Survival (achieved by
maximizing security, not
necessarily relative
power).
Uncertainty about
intentions makes
cooperation difficult
and leads to
competition.
Limited. Concerns
about cheating and
relative gains inhibit
cooperation.
Security dilemma,
which produces
spirals of hostility.
Uncertainty,
miscalculation/overre
action
Attempt to signal
benign intentions.
Balanceinternally
and externally
The security
dilemma, the
security dilemma,
the security
dilemma.
Offensive Realism(System level)
Example:
J. Mearsheimer
States are unitary,
rational actors in an
anarchic international
system.
Survival (achieved by
maximizing relative
power). Contrary to
classical realism, power is
a means to survival, not an
end sought for itself.
Uncertainty about
intentions makes
cooperation difficult
and leads to
competition.
Limited. Concerns
about cheating and
relative gains inhibit
cooperation. Hard to
maximize relative
power through
cooperation.
Conquest. Inefficient
balancing leads to
deterrence failures.Maximize relative
power. When faced
with a threat,
buckpass, then
balance.
If you want to
be safe, you need
to become the
most powerful
state in the
system.
Liberalism
Institutions /
Interdependence(Systemlevel)
Example:
R. Keohane
States are unitary,
rational actors in an
anarchic international
system.
Survival (achieved by
seeking both relative and
absolute gains).Uncertainty about
intentions makes
cooperation difficult
and leads to
competition.
Possible if facilitated
by institutions (which
reduce uncertainty) and
interdependence
(which raises the costs
of conflict).
Absence of
institutions and
economic
interdependence.
Seek to create
international
institutions and foster
economic
interdependence.
Anarchy isnt so
bad. Cooperation
is possible under
the right
circumstances.
LiberalismDemocracy(State level)
Example:
M. Doyle
International systemis anarchic, but states
are not billiard
balls. Internal
characteristics are
significant.
Survival (achieved byseeking both relative and
absolute gains).Uncertainty aboutintentions makes
cooperation difficult
and leads to
competition.
Democracies are morelikely to cooperate
with each other and
avoid violent conflict
for institutional and/or
normative reasons.
Bad states.Absence of
democracies.
Spread democracy. Liberaldemocracies
dont fight wars
against each
other.
Constructivism(System level)
Example:
A. Wendt
States are not
necessarily unitary or
rational, and they are
not the only relevant
actors. Anarchy is
socially constructed.
Variable and socially
constructed. Interests
defined by ideas as much
as material factors.
The conduct of
international politics
is determined largely
by ideas, norms,
identities, and
discourse: can be
competitive or
cooperative.
Through discourse,
international politics
can be transformed into
a more cooperative
culture.
Norms that promote
conflict. Conflicting
identities.
Work to reconstruct
the culture of
anarchy that
dominates in
international politics,
through discourse,
behavior, and norms.
Anarchy is what
states make of
it.
GOVT-006: Introduction to International Relations
Prof. David M. Edelstein The Major Theories of International Relations
Yu-Ming Liou Introduction to International Relations
http://find/5/26/2018 IR Midterm 1 Review
18/26
Introduction
toInternationalRelations
Yu-Ming Liou
Exam Format
Grading
Procedures
ExampleQuestions
Conclusion
Final Bits of Advice
Before the Test:
Review the readings.
Yu-Ming Liou Introduction to International Relations
http://find/5/26/2018 IR Midterm 1 Review
19/26
Introduction
toInternationalRelations
Yu-Ming Liou
Exam Format
Grading
Procedures
ExampleQuestions
Conclusion
Final Bits of Advice
Before the Test:
Review the readings.Review your lecture notes.
Yu-Ming Liou Introduction to International Relations
http://find/5/26/2018 IR Midterm 1 Review
20/26
Introduction
toInternationalRelations
Yu-Ming Liou
Exam Format
Grading
Procedures
ExampleQuestions
Conclusion
Final Bits of Advice
Before the Test:
Review the readings.Review your lecture notes.
Make sure you know whats going on in the world.
Yu-Ming Liou Introduction to International Relations
http://find/5/26/2018 IR Midterm 1 Review
21/26
Introduction
toInternationalRelations
Yu-Ming Liou
Exam Format
Grading
Procedures
ExampleQuestions
Conclusion
Final Bits of Advice
Before the Test:
Review the readings.Review your lecture notes.
Make sure you know whats going on in the world.Think of how concepts and readings relate to each other.(Synthesize, dont just memorize).
Yu-Ming Liou Introduction to International Relations
http://find/5/26/2018 IR Midterm 1 Review
22/26
Introduction
toInternationalRelations
Yu-Ming Liou
Exam Format
Grading
Procedures
ExampleQuestions
Conclusion
Final Bits of Advice
Before the Test:
Review the readings.Review your lecture notes.
Make sure you know whats going on in the world.Think of how concepts and readings relate to each other.(Synthesize, dont just memorize).
On Test Day:
Yu-Ming Liou Introduction to International Relations
http://find/5/26/2018 IR Midterm 1 Review
23/26
Introduction
toInternationalRelations
Yu-Ming Liou
Exam Format
Grading
Procedures
ExampleQuestions
Conclusion
Final Bits of Advice
Before the Test:
Review the readings.Review your lecture notes.
Make sure you know whats going on in the world.Think of how concepts and readings relate to each other.(Synthesize, dont just memorize).
On Test Day:
Pace Yourself.
Yu-Ming Liou Introduction to International Relations
http://find/5/26/2018 IR Midterm 1 Review
24/26
Introductionto
InternationalRelations
Yu-Ming Liou
Exam Format
Grading
Procedures
ExampleQuestions
Conclusion
Final Bits of Advice
Before the Test:
Review the readings.Review your lecture notes.
Make sure you know whats going on in the world.Think of how concepts and readings relate to each other.(Synthesize, dont just memorize).
On Test Day:
Pace Yourself.
Dont Mind-Dump.
Yu-Ming Liou Introduction to International Relations
S T d
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25/26
Introductionto
InternationalRelations
Yu-Ming Liou
Exam Format
Grading
Procedures
ExampleQuestions
Conclusion
See you on Tuesday.
Any Questions?
Yu-Ming Liou Introduction to International Relations
S T d
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Introductionto
InternationalRelations
Yu-Ming Liou
Exam Format
Grading
Procedures
ExampleQuestions
Conclusion
See you on Tuesday.
Any Questions?Good Luck!
Yu-Ming Liou Introduction to International Relations
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