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Jack KeenanJack KeenanChief Nuclear OfficerChief Nuclear OfficerPacific Gas and Electric CompanyPacific Gas and Electric Company
Keynote AddressKeynote Address2007 Joint IEEE / HPRCT Conference2007 Joint IEEE / HPRCT Conference
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PG&E’s Journey
• Consults with leading economists, environmental leaders, business leaders and policy makers.
• Customer Energy Efficiency Programs
• Electricity Demand Management
• PG&E’s ClimateSmart Program
• Nuclear’s Role in a Carbon Neutral Society
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History of Nuclear Plants in California
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PG&E: A Nuclear Utility since March 1956
• Vallecitos Boiling Water Reactor (VBWR) • First nuclear power plant to be licensed by the Atomic Energy Commission (AEC), predecessor to
the NRC, being issued Power Reactor License No. 1.• 5.1 MW Plant - This was the world's first commercial generation of electricity by nuclear power.• The 5.1 MWe turbine/generator supplied by PG&E for the VBWR was salvaged from a WWII
merchant ship. • VBWR operated for six years during which it produced 40,400 Mwh (net).
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Humboldt Bay Power Plant
• Humboldt Bay Power Plant was a 65 MWe, natural circulation boiling water reactor.• Operated from 1963 to 1976. • Plant is being decommissioned.
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Diablo Canyon Power Plant
• Unit 1 started Commercial Operation May 7, 1985• Unit 2 started Commercial Operation March 13, 1986• Twin Westinghouse 4-loop Pressurized Water Reactor 1,100 megawatt units provide
enough power to meet the electric needs of over 2 million homes and is a vital part of California's electric power system.
• Located 100 miles south of Monterey, near San Luis Obispo, California
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Recent Projects at Diablo Canyon
• ISFSI• Low Pressure Turbine Replacement• Steam Generator Replacement• Instrumentation and Controls Obsolescence Program
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NRC Expected New Plant Applications
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1819
0
12
28
0
27
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
2006 2007 2008 2009
Num
ber o
f App
licat
ions
Cumulative ApplicationsCumulative Units
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Nuclear Performance Excellence
• The industry has improved in all areas: performance,
reliability, safety.
• A continuous improvement culture is important to
continued success for the industry
• Keys to continuous improvement: self critical culture,
benchmarking, assessing gaps to excellence
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2006 WANO Unit Capability Factor - Percent
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
89.8*
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006
U.S. Nuclear Industry Capacity Factors1971 - 2006
* Preliminary
Source: Global Energy Decisions / Energy Information Administration
Updated: 6/07
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
Coal - 2.37Gas - 6.75Nuclear - 1.72Petroleum - 9.63
2006
U.S. Electricity Production Costs 1995-2006, In 2006 cents per kilowatt-hour
Production Costs = Operations and Maintenance Costs + Fuel Costs
Source: Global Energy DecisionsUpdated: 6/07
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WANO Industrial Safety Accident Rate
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
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Human Performance – Defined
• Human Performance is a behavior that is influenced by human nature mixed with the systems and the environments in which people work.
• Systems and environment examples: procedures, the systematic approach to training, human system interface design for current and advanced control station design, the analysis of human performance contributors to events, communications, shift working hours, and fatigue management programs, culture, standards, management expectations and reinforcement of standards.
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Human Performance – The Final FrontierA
ccid
ent r
ate
evol
utio
n
Design
Training & Development
Human Performance
Regulations
Procedures
60’s 80’s 90’s
1
30
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Diablo Canyon Significant HU Events by Year
EFD Resets by Year
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Sum of Event
Year
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Human Performance – Key Elements
• Leadership♣ Setting high standards♣ Observation and coaching
• Performance Measurement♣ Trending
• Solid Plant Design♣ Human Factors Design Tools♣ Human Reliability Analysis
• Organizational Effectiveness♣ Safety Culture♣ Fitness for Duty
• Corrective Action Program♣ Root Cause Analysis♣ Use of Operating Experience
• Self-Assessment
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Why this conference is important
• Event-free operations is key to the viability and sustainability of the
nuclear industry worldwide
♣ Build on excellence of current operating fleet
♣ New plant design can improve human performance interface
♣ New workforce – new human performance challenges
• This conference brings together the key players that support the
industry in achieving event-free operations
♣ IEEE design improvements and standards
♣ Human Performance tools
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In Conclusion…
PG&E Welcomes You to Monterey!
Have a Safe and Enriching week.
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