J.A.SACCO Fort Sumter-Bull Run (April-July 21, 1861)

J.A.SACCO

Fort Sumter-Bull Run (April-July 21, 1861)

Civil War Matching Who is Who?Yanks Union/FederalSouth JohnnyRebel NorthConfederate C.S.ABilly GrayBlue U.S.A

Results of Fort Sumter Lincoln calls up 75,000 volunteers for 90 days After Sumter, Upper South secedes. VA, AK, NC, TE. Border states of MD, DE, KY,

and MO have not yet seceded. Robert E. Lee offered command of all Union

forces-DECLINES! Capital of the Confederacy is moved from

Montgomery, AL to Richmond, VA. SIGNIFICANCE OF THESE EVENTS?

Border States- Delaware and Maryland Delaware- seemed safe. Even though had

slavery acted more as a Northern state. Maryland- Why was it important to keep

Maryland from seceding? When pro-Confederate mobs attack advancing federal troops, Lincoln put MD under martial law.

Border States-Kentucky/Missouri

Why was it important to keep both Missouri and Kentucky in the Union?

Lincoln- “I hope to have God on my side, but I must have Kentucky.”

Try this Civil War fans- Why are there thirteen stars on the Confederate flag?

The Union & Confederacy in 1861The Union & Confederacy in 1861

Balance Sheet of War

North South

Advantages ? ?

Disadvantages ? ?

North vs. South in 1861North vs. South in 1861

Rating the North & the Rating the North & the SouthSouth

Slave/Free States Population, Slave/Free States Population, 18611861

North- 22.5 million.South- 9 million total/3.7 million slaves.

Railroad Lines, Railroad Lines, 18601860

Resources: North & the Resources: North & the SouthSouth

The Battle of First Bull Run (July 21, 1861)

Why were these advantages not that important at the start of the war?

Lincoln orders Gen. Irwin McDowell and 35,000 men into Virginia to take Manassas Junction which was 29 miles SW of Washington. Objective is to take the railroads Manassas Gap and the Orange/Alexandria RR’s and destroy the Confederate Army.

McDowell feels the Union is not ready, men poorly trained.

Lincoln’s reply- “You are green it is true, but they are green also”

The Battle of First Bull Run (July 21, 1861)

“There stands Jackson like a “stonewall”, rally around the Virginians”- Gen. Bernard Bee

Results of First Bull Run

Gen. Irwin McDowell (USA)

Gen. P.G.T. Beauregard (CSA)

Gen. Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson (CSA)

The Anaconda Plan

The Anaconda Plan Army of the Potomac

created to protect Wash. D.C. and destroy the Southern army. Gen. George B. McClellan to train the new army.

Blockade the South. Army/Navy to take

control of Mississippi R. to split the South in half.

Create another army (Army of the Tennessee) to keep pressure in East Tennessee.Problems?

Southern Strategy to Win?

President Jefferson Davis V-P Alexander Stevens