View
225
Download
5
Category
Preview:
Citation preview
Part 1 2013-2014
ECOSYSTEM STRUCTURE AN ECOSYSTEM IS MADE UP OF BIOTIC
AND ABIOTIC FACTORS INTERACTING ADAPTED FROM MS. DAVIS
A species way of life, including everything it needs for survival.
ECOLOGICAL NICHE
Generalist Specialist
A species way of life, including everything it needs for survival.
ECOLOGICAL NICHE
Generalist Specialist Can live in many different places, eat a lot of foods and tolerate a lot of conditions. • Ex: cockroaches, deer, grass
and humans. • Can often take over in large
numbers.
A species way of life, including everything it needs for survival.
ECOLOGICAL NICHE
Generalist Specialist Can live in many different places, eat a lot of foods and tolerate a lot of conditions. • Ex: cockroaches, deer, grass
and humans. • Can often take over in large
numbers.
Can only live in one habitat, eat one type of food and tolerate one climate. • Ex: shore birds, giant pandas,
redwoods and polar bear • Easily pushed to extinction.
It is not uncommon for the niches of two species to overlap. The overlap increases competition and can therefore limit population growth. This produces five main types of interactions among species.
Community Interactions
Niche: a position or role taken by a kind of organism within its
community.
The competition between two or more species for the same limited resources in the environment such as food, space, sunlight.
1. INTERSPECIFIC COMPETITION
When species competing for the same niche evolve special traits to allow then to share. Ex: Butterflies and moths - time Ex: Birds and bats –time Ex: Warblers - space
1. INTERSPECIFIC COMPETITION RESOURCE PARTITIONING
When a predator feeds on all or part of another organism known as its prey.
2. PREDATION
One organism (parasite) gains energy by living on or inside a host organism.
Or by stealing resources
3. PARASITISM
Two organisms interact in a manner that is a beneficial to both in some way.
4. MUTUALISM
This interaction benefits one species but has little to no impact on the other.
5. COMMENSALISM
Part 2 ECOSYSTEM STRUCTURE
Large regions characterized by similar climate, rainfall, plants, and animals regardless of their global locations.
BIOMES
62% of the earths terrestrial ecosystems are being used unsustainably
HUMAN IMPACT
Sustainably = use of a resource to insure it will be
around for future generations.
GPP- Gross Primary Production. Total amount of solar energy that producers captures via photosynthesis
NPP- Net Primary Productivity. Energy captured subtract energy lost
A species that plays such a vital role in sustaining the community’s habitat and biodiversity that its disappearance has a disproportionately large impact on the community.
KEYSTONE SPECIES
Recommended