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STRUCTURED ORAL LANGUAGE PRACTICE
ROUTINES and Persistent Errors
Kathy Gaitán and Justin Johnson
Present Perfect
Conditional Perfect
Reflexive Pronouns
Persistent Errors
STRUCTURED ORAL LANGUAGE PRACTICE
ROUTINES
AZAR WEB PAGE(everything you wanted to know about grammar)
http://www.azargrammar.com/materials/index.html
Present Perfect (3.2 in ADEPT)What is the
boy going to do?
Kick the ball.
He hasn’t kicked it yet.
Why is it still on the
ground?
Review4-1 Past participle4-2 Present perfect with since and for4-3 Negatives, questions, and short answer forms4-4 Present perfect with unspecified time4-5 Simple past vs. present perfect4-6 Present perfect progressive4-7 Present perfect progressive vs. present perfect4-8 Past perfect
CONTENTS
I have You have She, He, It has
We have They have
STATEMENT: have / has + past participle
been here for a week.
Auxiliary Verb when using Present Perfect
SIMPLE PAST vs. PRESENT PERFECT
I had an angel fish when I was a child.
I have had many otherfish since then.
SIMPLE PAST vs. PRESENT PERFECT
SIMPLE PAST
(a) They completed the game at 4:00.
PRESENT PERFECT
(b) They have already completed the game.
specific time
unspecified time
SIMPLE PAST vs. PRESENT PERFECT
SIMPLE PAST
(c) I was in Nigeria when I was five years old.
PRESENT PERFECT
(d) I have been to Nigeria three times.
specific time
unspecified time
SIMPLE PAST vs. PRESENT PERFECT
SIMPLE PAST
(e) Jack camped in France for 9 days.
PRESENT PERFECT
(f) Eli has been camping for 9 days.(f) Eli has been camping since last Monday.
for activity began & ended in past
for / since activity began & continues
Let’s Practice
SPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED TIME ?We have been to Tokyo many times.
OR
UNSPECIFIEDPRESENTPERFECT
Let’s Practice
SPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED TIME ?Barry has never been to Tokyo.
OR
UNSPECIFIEDPRESENTPERFECT
Let’s Practice
SPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED TIME ?Gina went to Tokyo last month.
OR
SPECIFIED SIMPLE PAST
Review4-1 Past participle4-2 Present perfect with since and for4-3 Negatives, questions, and short answer forms4-4 Present perfect with unspecified time4-5 Simple past vs. present perfect4-6 Present perfect progressive4-7 Present perfect progressive vs. present perfect4-8 Past perfect
CONTENTS
LINES OF COMMUNICATION WITH QUESTION CARDS
Who have you _____ (know) since you
were in kindergarten?
How many times have you ______ (go) to the
bathroom today?
1-line up2-fold the line in half3-find a partner across from you4-identify who is A & B5-As ask their question, Bs respond6-Bs ask question, As respond7-Person at end of Line A moves to the front at signal8-Ask and answer questions with your new partner9-This routine encourages use of target language many times.
Reflexive Pronouns (4.1 & 4.2)
Who are they looking at?
Themselves.
Theirselves.
Them.Theirself.Eachothe
r.
Reflexive Pronouns
http://www.azargrammar.com/materials/index.html
(Under Chapter 6 Nouns and Pronouns)
They can see themselves in the water.
subject & object are same person
myself (a) I can see myself in the water.yourself (b) You saw yourself.herself (c) She saw herself.himself (d) He saw himself.itself (e) It saw itself.ourselves (f) We saw ourselves.yourselves (g) You saw yourselves.themselves (h) They saw themselves.
by + reflexive pronoun = alone
Angela is lonely when she eats out by herself.
Sometimes I enjoy eating by myself.
enjoy (and other verbs) reflexive pronoun
Angela usually enjoys herself.
pinch yourself be proud of yourself
scratch yourself
help yourselfblame yourself
teach yourself
GAMEBOARDS AND SPINNERS
Instructions:1 - Spin the pronoun spinner and use the reflexive pronoun cards to complete the sentence frames.2 – Roll the dice and move accordingly.
ASPECT OF SPEECH SPINNERS
• Verb Tenses• Adverbs of Frequency• Subject Pronouns• Your Choice
Conditional Perfect (4.6 & 4.7)
What would have happened if some people had been sitting there?
They would have gotten mad.
They would get mad.
Conditional Perfect Untrue in the Past
If I had had enough time, I would have watched TV yesterday.Did I have enough time? No but…
If I had had enough timeIf clause= past perfect (had + past participle)I would have watched TV yesterday.Result clause=would have + past participle
If you had told me about the problem, I would have helped you.
Did you tell me about the problem? Nope.But….
If you had told me about the problemIf clause= past perfect (had + past participle)
I would have helped you. Result clause=would have + past participle
Untrue in the Past Checking for Understanding
If the weather had been good yesterday, we would have cancelled the picnic.a. Was the picnic cancelled? _______b. Was the weather good? ______
Ann would have made it to class on time this morning if the bus hadn’t been late.c. Did Ann try to make it to class on time? _____d. Did Ann make it to class on time? _____e. Was the bus late? ____
CONDITIONAL PERFECT SORTING ACTIVITY
If_____ had ____________ (pronoun) (past participle)
_____would have __________ (pronoun) (past participle)
Wrap Up• Explicitly teaching the forms is important
• English grammar is complicated so we should be aware of it’s complexities
• AZAR has many grammar lessons available
• Level 3s and 4s plateau partly because of the persistent errors we practiced today
• Just teaching grammar isn’t the answer, attaching it to a purpose with instructional routines can make the language stick
• Here are some resources to take back to your classes• Lets make it fun! Please fill out an evaluation
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