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Key Factors that Influence the Collaborative Process
Photo by Barb Tuttle, Carol DeSain, & Betsy Bowen Photo by Rachel Brummel Photo by Stephanie Grayzeck
Community Wildfire Protection Plans:The Great Lakes States Experience
March 18, 2008Rhinelander, Wisconsin
Collaboration …
• voluntary
• involves face-to face interaction and
interdependence
• seeks to achieve goals that could not be
achieved independently
“…process by which diverse stakeholders work together to
resolve a conflict or develop and advance a shared vision.”
Collaboration Collective action
Elements Influencing Collaboration for CWPPs
Collaboration
• participants
• process
• priority projects
• Scale
• Framing
• Networks
• Leadership
Scale
A CWPP must be “agreed to by the applicablelocal government, local fire department, and StateAgency responsible for forest management…”
As a result…
... applicable local government has been widely interpreted in terms of planning scale of CWPPs, and ultimately impacts the collaborative process.
Elements Influencing Collaboration for CWPPs—Scale
Goal = strategic, landscape-level planning
• Broader scale planning (multi-county,
county, or multi-township)
• Agency involvement critical
Lake County, Minnesota
• 1.34 million acres• Agency led• Fuels reduction
projects• Improved agency
capacity and relationships
• Less homeowner involvement
Elements Influencing Collaboration for CWPPs—Scale
Goal = strategic umbrella plan with additional
documents that reach smaller scales
• Umbrella CWPP with community level
CWPPs embedded
• Agency and homeowner involvement
Umbrella CWPPs
• Grizzly Flats, California– Trinity County CWPP
and Firesafe Council
• East Portal, Colorado– Larimer County CWPP
Elements Influencing Collaboration for CWPPs—Scale
Goal = property owner-level planning
• Smaller scale planning (neighborhood,
homeowners association, community)
• Homeowner involvement critical.
High Knob, Virginia
• Community fuels reduction day
• Firewise Communities/USA certified
• All private or HOA land• Strong homeowner
involvement
Elements Influencing Collaboration for CWPPs—Scale
There is no best scale…select the scale where you can make something happen!
Consider the tension between:
Large-scale, long term landscape level management
Small-scale, immediate property owner impact
Elements Influencing Collaboration for CWPPs
Collaboration
• participants
• process
• priority projects
• Scale
• Framing
• Networks
• Leadership
• How do people understand the wildfire problem?
• Determines who is invited to participate
• Evaluate boundaries of the framing
Elements Influencing Collaboration for CWPPs—Framing
Elements Influencing Collaboration for CWPPs—
Framing
Watershed ProtectionFuels
Reduction
Restoration
Safety
Taylor, Florida
• Public safety was the main concern
• Sheriff, DOF, County fire department
• 30 ft fire break around the community aided suppression efforts during 2007 fire Safety
Harris Park and East Portal, Colorado
• CWPP strategies focused on mitigating wildfire risk to restore historic forest conditions of Ponderosa Pine
• Forest restoration became an important community value Restoration
• Two communities, each with a unique framing of the situation
• Barnes – access and improved safety
• Drummond – downed fuel and agency action
• One CWPP that addresses both
Barnes and Drummond, Wisconsin
Safety
Fuels Reduction
Elements Influencing Collaboration for CWPPs – Networks
Collaboration
• participants
• process
• priority projects
• Scale
• Framing
• Networks
• Leadership
• Start where you have good relationships and pre-existing networks
• Trust across networks leads to increased openness to share information and willingness to consider future collaboration
Elements Influencing Collaboration for CWPPs – Networks
• The networks you pull in to the CWPP process influence who is involved and the resources available
• Not all networks need to be involved to the same degree. Some can be kept in the CWPP process through information links alone.
Elements Influencing Collaboration for CWPPs – Networks
• Individuals who represent two networks might be an efficient way to strengthen how different networks can support the CWPP – VFD/DNR representatives in Lake County,
Minnesota– County administrator/homeowner in High Knob,
Virginia
Elements Influencing Collaboration for CWPPs – Networks
Elements Influencing Collaboration for CWPPs – Leadership
Collaboration
• participants
• process
• priority projects
• Scale
• Framing
• Networks
• Leadership
• Local leadership• Intermediary roles
– 3rd party– Key participants
Elements Influencing Collaboration for CWPPs – Leadership
• Lend legitimacy• Provide heart, goals and links to others• Local knowledge and political influence• “Spark plugs” or “cheerleaders”• Examples:
– Lake County, Minnesota– Barnes and Drummond, Wisconsin– High Knob, Virginia
Local Leadership
What is an intermediary?• Individual or organization that brings networks
and resources, and bridges gaps• Often times, an intermediary shares their
knowledge and experience with mutiple CWPPs
Who is an intermediary?• Non-governmental organization, consultant• Key participants can play critical leadership
and intermediary roles and functions at different stops
Intermediary roles
Barnes and Drummond, WI• NWRPC facilitated and
coordinated the CWPP• Brought in outside and
technical resources to the communities
3rd party intermediary or consultant
Lake County, Minnesota• Different participants played leadership
roles at different times• Local fire departments – local
knowledge• USFS fire modelers –fire modeling
Larimer County, Colorado
Multiple partners filling intermediary roles
Elements Influencing Collaboration for CWPPs
Collaboration
• participants
• process
• priority projects
• Scale
• Framing
• Networks
• Leadership
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