Keystone Review

Keystone Review

Module 2:Continuity and Unity of

Life

Round 1:Cell Growth and

Reproduction

Question #1

Which statement best describes a difference between mitosis and meiosis?

a. Meiosis is a multi-step processb. Mitosis occurs only in eukaryotic cellsc. Meiosis is used in the repair of an

organismd. Mitosis produces genetically identical

daughter cells

Question #2

During which phase of meiosis are sister chromatids pulled apart?

Question #3

What phase of mitosis is shown here?

Question #4

What 3 phases of the cell cycle make up interphase?

Question #5

What is the purpose of mitosis and cell division?

Question #6

What is nondisjunction?

Question #7

In which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?

Question #8

What is the difference between haploid and diploid?

Question #9

What is a tumor?

Question #10

In which phases of mitosis would you see X shaped chromosomes?

Round 1 Answers1. D2. Anaphase II3. Metaphase4. G1, S, G25. Produces more cells for growth, repair and

differentiation6. When sister chromatids fail to separate- results in a

cell with too many chromosomes7. S phase (synthesis)8. Diploid- two full sets of chromosomes, somatic cells,

Haploid- only one set of chromosomes, sex cells or

gametes9. Mass of cancer cells10.Prophase and metaphase

Round 2:Genetics

Question #1

A son gets the Y chromosome from which parent?

Question #2

The actual appearance or feature that is shown for a trait is called the ________________

Question #3

The actual alleles an organism possesses for a trait is called the _______________

Question #4

If the parental genotype for two traits is AaBb what gamete combinations are possible?

Question #5

1 pair of the human chromosomes are the sex chromosomes. What are the other 22 pairs of human chromosomes called?

Question #6What type of chromosome mutation

is illustrated below?

Question #7

Which type of trait typically forms a bell-curve when graphed?

Question #8

If one parent has blood type AB and the other parent has blood type O what are the possible blood types for their child?

Question #9

When homologous pairs exchange parts of their chromosome it is called ______________

Question #10

Down Syndrome is caused by a chromosomal abnormality called…

Question #11

What inheritance pattern is it?:Neither allele truly dominates and the heterozygous shows a mix of both traits

Question #12

Because an individual can inherit an A, B or O allele from each parent this type of trait is called ________________

Question #13

Colorblindness and hemophilia are both examples of this type of trait.

Question #14

In this type of trait neither allele overpowers the other and the heterozygous shows BOTH phenotypes

Question #15

What is the probability that these parents will have a child with B blood type?

Parents: AO x BO

Round 2 Answers:1. His father2. phenotype3. genotype4. AB, Ab, aB, ab5. autosomes6. translocation7. polygenic8. Type A or type B (AO, BO)9. Crossing over10. Nondisjunction (trisomy 21)11. Incomplete dominance12. Multiple allele trait13. X-linked or sex linked14. codominant15. 25%

Round 3:DNA, RNA

and Protein Synthesis

Question #1

A sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus, determines a trait

Question #2

Name 3 differences between RNA and DNA

Question #3

How do the nitrogenous bases pair up?

Question #4

A ____________ is a set of three nucleotides that codes for a specific amino acid.

Question #5

Both eukaryotes and prokaryotes perform protein synthesis. Prokaryotes, however, do not have a nucleus. Where does transcription take place in a prokaryote?

Question #6

A genetic mutation occurred in a gene but the correct protein was still created. What kind of mutation is this?

Question #7

During this process mRNA is read and a polypeptide chain is formed.

Question #8

When DNA from one organism is incorporated into the DNA of another organism the resulting DNA is called…

Question #9

The process of synthesizing mRNA from a DNA template is called __________________

Question #10

When a mutation in the DNA causes every subsequent codon to be read wrong it is called a _____________

Round 3 Answers:1. gene2. RNA- contains uracil, sugar is ribose, single stranded, 3

kinds DNA- contains thymine, sugar is deoxyribose, double-stranded

3. Adenine- thymine, cytosine- guanine4. codon5. In the cytoplasm6. Silent mutation7. translation8. Recombinant DNA9. Transcription10. frameshift

Round 4:Evolution

Question #1

Inherited traits that allow an organism to fit better with in its environment are called _______________

Question #2

What did Darwin notice about the organisms on the different islands of the Galapagos??

Question #3

The formation of a new species

Question #4

Random changes to a gene pool in a small population.

Question #5

When something prevents organisms of the same species from reproducing they are experiencing …

Question #6

Environmental factors determine which organisms will get to survive, reproduce and pass on their traits based on their fitness

Question #7

All of the alleles that exist within a certain population

Question #8

When segments of a population are separated by a structure such as a mountain, river, canyon, etc.

Question #9

Structures that have different mature forms in different organisms but stem from the same initial tissues

Question #10

Parts an organism possesses that serve no purpose are called…

Round 4 Answers:1. adaptation2. They were remarkably suited for their

environment3. speciation4. microevolution5. Reproductive isolation6. Natural selection7. Gene pool8. Geographic (habitat) isolation9. Homologous structures10. Vestigial parts

Round 5:Plant Structures

and Ecology

Question #1

How much energy is lost between one trophic level and the next?

Question #2

Which statement correctly describes how nitrogenin the soil returns to the atmosphere?

A. Soil bacteria convert nitrates into nitrogen gas.B. Decomposers directly convert ammonium intonitrogen gas.C. Plants assimilate nitrites and convert them intonitrogen gas.D. Nitrogen-fixing bacteria in plant roots convertnitrates into nitrogen gas.

Question #3

Herbivores can only be found on which trophic level?

Question #4Which sequence correctly describes the flow of energy between organisms in the marine food web?

A. from seals to penguins to krillB. from whales to krill to small fishC. from sea birds to seals to penguinsD. from small fish to penguins to seals

Question #5

A species of snapping turtles has a tongue thatresembles a worm. The tongue is used to attractsmall fish. Which best describes the interactionbetween the fish and the snapping turtle?

A. predationB. symbiosisC. parasitismD. competition

Question #6

A researcher observing an ecosystem describes theamount of sunlight, precipitation, and type of soilpresent. Which factors is the researcher most

likelydescribing?

A. biotic factors in a forestB. biotic factors in a tundraC. abiotic factors in a prairieD. abiotic factors in an ocean

Question #7

Use the list below to answer the question.

Observations• two grey wolves• five moose• several species of

conifer trees• large granite rock• shallow pond

A student wrote several observations in a field notebook. Which term best classifies all of thestudent’s observations?

A. populationB. food chainC. ecosystemD. community

Question #8

TRUE or FALSE:Moose prey upon wolves.

Question #9

All of the members of one type of species living in an area

Question #10

Nonliving factors in an ecosystem are called…

Round 5 Answers:

1. 90%2. A3. 2nd trophic level4. D5. A6. C7. C8. FALSE!!!9. population10. Abiotic factors

THE END