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Labor / Gilded Age
Identification (5 Points)
• 1.Blacklists
Answer One
• Blacklists was a list of troublemakers shared by employers. These union organizers were banned from working due to their beliefs.
Identification (5 Points)
• 2.Collective bargaining
Police Arresting Strikers
Answer Two
• Collective bargaining are negotiations between employees and Unions. The Union bargains for all the workers setting wages and working conditions.
Identification (5 Points)
• 3.Samuel Gompers
Answer Three
• Samuel Gompers was the President of the AFL. He sought to raise wages, establish shorter hours and take care of disabled workers.
Identification (5 Points)
• 4.American Federation of Labor
Samuel Gompers
Answer Four
• American Federation of Labor was a labor organization of skilled workers organized by trade. The AFL did not want woman, blacks or immigrants in their union.
Identification (5 Points)
• 5.Henry Cabot Lodge
Answer Five
• Henry Cabot Lodge was a US Senator who wanted to halt immigration from Southern and Eastern Europe. He was a Xenophobe.
Identification (5 Points)
• 6.Chinese Immigration
Answer Six
• Chinese immigration was mainly to California. In 1870 there were 70,000 Chinese in California alone. They came to work in the Gold Mines or to construct the Central Pacific Railroad.
Identification (5 Points)
• 7.Jacob A.Riis
Answer Seven
• Jacob A. Riis wrote a book about the evils of the slums in the city. It was an influential book and showed people the way people really lived in the ghettos.
Identification (5 Points)
• 8.William M. Tweed
Answer Eight
• William M. Tweed was the boss of Tammany Hall the Democratic machine in New York. As the leader of Tammany, he distributed graft and patronage.
Identification (5 Points)
• 9.Political Machine
“Let Us Prey”
Answer Nine
• Political Machine is a party organization that maintains power by controlling the votes of its members. Tammany Hall was a strong example of this in New York City.
Identification (5 Points)
• 10.Thomas Nast
Answer Ten
• Thomas Nast was a political cartoonist who ridiculed Tweed and other politicians. He was the most famous political cartoonist of his time.
Identification (5 Points)
• 11.James Garfield
Answer Eleven
• James Garfield was the President of the United States. He was assassinated by a disappointed job seeker. His death illustrated the corruption of the spoils system.
Identification (5 Points)
• 12.Chester Arthur
Answer Twelve
• Chester Arthur followed Garfield as President. Although a product of the spoils system, he initiated many reforms of civil service.
Identification (5 Points)
• 13.Grover Cleveland
Answer Thirteen
• Grover Cleveland was also a great reformer of the patronage system. He restored honor and dignity to the White House after years of corruption.
Identification (5 Points)
• 14.Free-Traders
Answer Fourteen
• Free-Traders generally opposed tariffs and wanted to see all barriers to trade removed. They believed in a “laissez faire” approach to business.
Identification (5 Points)
• 15.Protectionists
Answer Fifteen
• Protectionists favored high tariffs which helped some businesses while hurting the consumer as a whole. Many big businesses and labor Unions were seen as protectionist.
Identification (5 Points)
• 16.Mark Twain
Answer Sixteen
• Mark Twain was a popular author who wrote “The adventures of Huckleberry Finn”. He was known for his wry outlook on life and his wit.
Identification (5 Points)
• 17.Stephen Crane
Answer Seventeen
• Stephen Crane was an author known for his real life portrayals. His best known book was “Red Badge of Courage” which was about the Civil War.
Identification (5 Points)
• 18.Joseph Pulitzer
Answer Eighteen
• Joseph Pulitzer was an influential newspaper publisher who was known as the “father of yellow journalism”.
Identification (5 Points)
• 19.Antebellum
Answer Nineteen
• Antebellum was the period of time before the Civil war. This period became the background for many works of art during the Gilded Age as people looked back in nostalgia.
Identification (5 Points)
• 20.Yellow Journalism
William Randolph Hearst
Answer Twenty
• Yellow Journalism was a type of reporting which featured a sensationalized way of presenting the news. Scandals were a mainstay of Yellow Journalism.
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