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Latest HVDC Light developments
IEEE Montreal 2006-06-21
Gunnar AsplundHVDC R&D Manager
Sweden
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HVDC Light® , continuous reactive power control
Instantaneous control of active and reactive
power over a wide area
P (pu)
HVDC Light®
Q (p.u.)
HVDC static
HVDC dynamic
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Comparison HVDC-Classic und HVDC-Light HVDC-Classic HVDC-Light
Technology Convertor
Current Source ConverterThyristor valve, grid
commutation
Voltage Source Converter (VSC)Transistor valve (IGBT), self
commutation
Between stations Overhead line Oil impregnated cable (mainly
sea cable)
Extruded cable for both land and sea
Dimensions Valve hall and outdoor ac- yard Compact valve arrangement. Low profile and indoor ac and dc- yard
Applications Bulk power transfer, back to back, interconnection of asynchronous networks
Wind farms at sea, oil platforms, reinforcement of ac- systems, back to back between weak systems
Reactive support By switched capacitor or filter banks
By the converter independent of the active power
AC network requirement
Short circuit ratio > 2 No requirement. Can start black network.
Power reversal Polarity has to be changed No polarity change
Multiterminaloperation
Complex Simple
Telecommunication Needed for start and operation Not needed.
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The cable is the key for HVDC Light®
Cables from ABB1350 km installed HVDC Light® cables since 1998
745 km installed XLPE cables above 220 kV since 1978out of totally about 4000 kminstalled world-wide
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HVDC Light® Cable Development
2006Southern Link1600 mm2 Al conductor+/- 300 kV, 700 MW
2001Murraylink, 360 km1400 mm2 Al conductor+/- 150 kV, 220 MW
1997HellsjönPrototype cable95 mm2 Al conductor+/- 10 kV, 3 MW
2000Directlink, 390 km630 mm2 Al conductor +/- 80 kV, 60 MW
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Cable laying
Fiber Optic Cable HVDC Light® Cable
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HVDC Light® , transfer capability
Power capability of ac and dc cables
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
0 40 80 120
160
200
240
280
320
360
400
440
480
Distance in km
Pow
er in
MW
+/- 300 kV DC cable
400 kV AC cablecompensated inone end
400 kV AC cablecompensated ineach end
HVDC Light® has no limitation in distance
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HVDC Light® ,Matrix
DC Voltage 500 A 1000 A 1500 A+/- 80 kV M1- 95 MVA M2- 190 MVA M3- 285 MVA
+/- 300 kV M7- 356 MVA M8- 713 MVA M9- 1070 MVA+-150 kV M4- 178 MVA M5- 356 MVA M6- 535 MVA
Avaliable 2006
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Estlink 350 MW, +/- 150 kV, 75 km sea cable, 25 km land cable
Espo june 14
Finland
Estonia
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HVDC Light layout for 300 kV
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The southern link HVDC Light +/- 300 kV 700 MW
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AC line emulation
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N-1 criteria
The ac- system should not be loaded more than it can safely withstand the loss of any line or generator
Comment: This means that an HVDC Light transmission inside an ac network should have the same capability as an ac line
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Voltage stability of one remaining ac- line
0 200 400 600 800 10000
2 .105
4 .105
Without compensation
Voltage versus power
Power in MW
Vol
tage
in k
V Maximum power
Voltage collaps
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Dynamic stabilityEqual area
0
0,2
0,4
0,6
0,8
1
1,2
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
180
Area1
Area2
delta0
delta1delta2
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AC line
0 100 200 300 400 500 6000
2 .108
4 .108
6 .108
8 .108
1 .109
1.2 .109
Dynamic stabilityMax powerVoltage stabilityThermal limit
400 kV ac line capability
Distance in km
Pow
wer
in M
W
.
Potential additional power
0 100 200 300 400 500 6000
2 .108
4 .108
6 .108
8 .108
1 .109
1.2 .109
Dynamic stabilityMax powerVoltage stabilityThermal limit
400 kV ac line capability
Distance in km
Pow
wer
in M
W
.
Potential additional powerPotential additional power
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Damping power needed in the HVDC Light
Inertia 4 sProtection time 100 ms
2 4 6 8 1016
18
20
22
24
26
28
30
32
Number of lines
Perc
ent o
f ac-
line
pow
er
.
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HVDC Light compared to an ac- line
Distance 400= Nlines 2=
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 7000
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
Total converter powerActive converter powerReactove converter powerPower in one ac line
Active converter power in MW
Pow
er in
MV
A
Distance 400= Nlines 2=
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 7000
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
Total converter powerActive converter powerReactove converter powerPower in one ac line
Active converter power in MW
Pow
er in
MV
A
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Off shore
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Valhall 78 MW, 292 km cableThe existing Valhall complex.
HVDC module
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Troll A, converters on the platform
The converters are housed in a pre-fabricated module, shipped and lifted onto the platform.
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HVDC Light for wind
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10 Multiterminal
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HVDC Light- multi terminal
Several ac- nets are connected via one dc- net
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