Learner Training On Learning Strategies Agnes Wang HZRTVU

Learner TrainingOn Learning Strategies

Agnes Wang HZRTVU

GODLEN RULE 1 GODLEN RULE 1 ESTABLISH A DAILY ESTABLISH A DAILY ROUTINEROUTINE

A. Try to pace yourself, working regularly each day.

B. Try to study in the same place each day.

ESTABLISH A DAILY ROUTINEESTABLISH A DAILY ROUTINE

Answer the following questions about yourself-truthfully!

If you reply truthfully, you will have learned something about your work rhythm which will be useful when you come to plan your weekly study timetable.

ESTABLISH A DAILY ROUTINEESTABLISH A DAILY ROUTINE

How often in an hour do you feel the need to get up and stretch your legs while you are reading a textbook?

ESTABLISH A DAILY ROUTINEESTABLISH A DAILY ROUTINE

2 At what time of the day do you work best? a) morning

b) afternoon c) evening

d) late at night 3 Write down the hours when you can study

at the same time every day in the week.

keep the following tips in mind

1. Keep distractions minimal. Some people can’t study in the kitchen,

where the refrigerator is distractingly close, or in a room that has a TV in it.

Think about yourself. Which are the places available for you? Which are the places where you feel happiest working? Why do you prefer these places?

keep the following tips in mind

2. Control interruptions. If you can close the door to your room and

work without interruptions, fine. But even then, other people often assume that you want to take a break when they do. So choose a place where you can decide when it’s time to take a break.

keep the following tips in mind

2. Do not try to study for long periods of time without a rest. It is important to work hard while you are actually at your best, but it is just as important to allow your brain time to rest and relax fairly regularly. No one can concentrate for extended periods of time.

Golden RULE 2Golden RULE 2 Set yourself only attainable goalsSet yourself only attainable goals

A. Do not set yourself a task that you cannot finish in the time available.

B. Define your goals as precisely as possible.

Set yourself only attainable goalsSet yourself only attainable goals

Answer the following questions about things that affect your planning:

How long does it take you to read ten pages of a textbook?

How long does it take you to read ten pages of a novel?

How long does it take you to write a two-page class paper?

Set yourself only attainable goalsSet yourself only attainable goals

In the light of what you have written down, adjust your study plan.

GOLDEN RULE 3

Recognize your own strength and weaknesses and build them into your timetable.

When you plan your timetable, you must take into account all the other factors such as:

The hours when you have lessons; Meal times-be fair with yourself here: do not

give yourself twenty minutes to do what normally take an hour!

The times when you work best-schedule your hardest studying into these times;

Rest periods-allow yourself free time on a regular basis.

Answer the following questions about Answer the following questions about the times in the week when you can’t the times in the week when you can’t study.study.

1 How long do you spend over breakfast / lunch / evening meal /drinks during the day?

2. How many hours do you need to sleep each night in order to wake up refreshed the following morning?

3. Are there any other regular commitments that you should take into account when planning a week’s work?

Questions & AnswersQuestions & Answers

Q1: I find it extremely difficult to take notes while listening. Why is it so?

Q2: Can you give me some more detailed suggestions?

Q: I find it extremely difficult to take notes while listening. Why is it so?

A: Don’t worry. Your classmates find it difficult, too.

What then are the factors that make listening such a difficult skill to acquire?

The problem of coordination The problem of Speaking Rate Taking notes Learning aims

The problem of The problem of coordination coordination 协协调调

Your reading, thinking and seeing are all subservient to(有帮助的 ) your will and abilities. But listening is fundamentally different from them in that it involves another person, the speaker.

The problem of The problem of coordinationcoordination

When listening, you must put aside tangents (摆脱题外的东西 ), interesting though they appear, in order to coordinate your thinking with the thinking of the speaker, and accept the ideas he/she expounds even if you disagree. If you think on tangent (突然离题地想事情 ) during the lecture, you will not be following the speaker’s ideas clearly, and so your listening will be less efficient.

The problem of The problem of Speaking RateSpeaking Rate

The second problem arises from lack of associated control. When you learn to read, your eyes control the speed with which you read. When you write, there is actual physical control in your hand. In thinking, the analysis of thought travels at exactly the speed capacity of your mind.

The problem of The problem of Speaking RateSpeaking Rate

But when you begin to train yourself to be a good listener, you are faced with a difficulty not unlike that of trying to drive a car without brakes. Only by demanding of yourself the most unswerving 坚定的concentration and discipline can you hold your mind on the tract of the speaker.

Taking notesTaking notes

Following naturally from good listening habits is the skill in taking notes.

Good note-taking requires action on your part: attentive listening, one-tract thinking about what you hear, and jotting down the key ideas.

Learning aimsLearning aims

Notes taking and listening complement one another. To become a good listener, you should:

1. Always be ready, paper in place, pencil in hand, to take clear notes. If you rush frantically to get the materials ready after the speaker begins, you will miss most of the early parts of the lecture.

2. Listen for key words and clue phrases. Key words serve as a kind of tripper for your memory. Clue phrases alert you to important information that follows.

3. Make your listening three dimensional: use your eyes, ears and mind actively to pursue knowledge. Keep your ears critically attuned so you may note what is important in the lecture. Keep your mind on the topic, thinking at the proper speed and building your capacity for judgment.

Note-taking in listening is a complex skill

Few people can remember completely and accurately what they hear. Note-taking in listening is a complex skill consisting of decoding, comprehending, and succinct简明的 and quick writing. In a lecture situation, you will write your notes more easily and effectively if you are able to:

More detailed suggestions

1. Decode or recognize accurately such features as difficult phonemes, contractions, vowel reduction, weak forms, etc, and

2. Understand and process information grammatically and semantically with the required speed and density.

Development of these abilities requires practice. Note-taking and listening complement one another.

To become a good listener To become a good listener there is no better there is no better practicepractice than note-taking.than note-taking.

General principle in taking notes

Selecting the key information

Use words or short phrases rather than complete sentences

During a lecture or talk, you must concentrate on the key ideas, major details, important sentences, clue words or phrases and try to take down the meaning quickly and succinctly. The key ideas are main ideas.

The major details support the main ideas. The important sentences express the main ideas. The clue words or phrases triggers for your memory, or alert you to important information that follows.

Practice

Suppose you are listening to the following tape talk entitled A talk on lectures and note taking. Try to take quick notes on the talk.