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About the reportThis report attempts to map workforce aspirations of young women and girls from urban areas in India. It seeks to benchmark these aspirations against existing employment opportunities. In doing so, the report identifies the multitude of barriers and constraints women face.
The report is based on a field survey carried out by Ernst & Young in selected urban, peri-urban and rural locations in and around the cities of Bangalore, Delhi, Hyderabad and Mumbai.
The analyses, insights and conclusions hope to inform the formulation of programmes and initiatives that can help women and girls realize their aspirations.
Key Findings
2.7%
Lack of information is a barrier to employment opportunities
56.0%NCR
23.5% 4.2% 10.8% 5.4%
Mumbai
23.4% 30.9% 12.6% 11.4% 21.7%
Hyderabad
25.9% 31.6% 9.2% 16.1% 17.2%
Bangalore
30.8% 19.9% 22% 35.5%
Lack of information is a barrier to entrepreneurship opportunities
62.7%NCR
26.5% 3.0% 4.8% 3.0%
Mumbai33.1% 22.9% 10.9% 10.9% 22.3%
Hyderabad
35.6% 21.8% 12.1% 14.4% 16.1%
Bangalore
43.5% 29.6% 4.8% 18.3% 3.8%
51.8%NCR
23.5% 7.2% 10.2% 7.2%
Mumbai20.0% 27.4% 14.9% 7.4% 30.3%
Hyderabad
27.6% 28.2% 12.6% 17.2% 14.4%
Bangalore
26.9% 28.0% 8.6% 24.2% 12.4%
Strongly Agree Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly DisagreeStrongly Agree Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly Disagree
Lack of information is a critical barrier to availing skilling opportunities
Lack of information is a critical barrier in availing opportunities for skill development, employment and entrepreneurshipB
High Low
Passed through generations
Preference for employment over entrepreneurship
Clear preference for employment over entrepreneurshipPercentage of women reporting past participation in formal skills training(s)
CA
39.8% 39.7% 43.4%
64.5%
60.2% 60.3% 56.6%
35.5%
Employment Entrepreneurship
Bangalore Hyderabad Mumbai NCR
17.3%
6.3%
76.4%
Influenced by monetary reasons
Influenced by family opinion
Influenced by decisions taken by other women
Personal aspirations
Bangalore Hyderabad Mumbai NCR
38.7%
38.0%
12.9%
12.4%
40.8%
36.8%
9.8%
12.6%
14.3%
6.3%
49.7%
29.7%
38.6%
30.1%
8.4%
22.9%
External factors and agents guiding/directing women and girls’ aspirations
Sector Bangalore Hyderabad Mumbai NCR
Agriculture 4.8% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%
Banking & Financial Services 0.5% 0.0% 9.1% 3.0%
Beauty & Wellness 6.5 7.5% 23.4% 9.6%
Domestic Help 1.1% 5.7% 0.6% 6.6%
Education & Skill Development 5.9% 4.6% 9.1% 6.0%
Food Processing 1.6% 0.0% 10.9% 1.8%
Furniture & Furnishings 0.5% 0.0% 2.3% 0.0%
Handlooms & Handicraft 8.1% 6.9% 0.0% 4.2%
Health Care Services 0.0% 0.6% 2.9% 0.0%
IT & ITES 13.4% 6.3% 3.4% 4.2%
Leather & Leather Goods 1.6% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%
Media & Entertainment 0.5% 0.0% 1.1% 0.0%
Others (Sports & Performing Arts) 0.5% 1.1% 0.0% 7.2%
Private Security Services 0.0% 0.0% 5.1% 0.0%
Retail Sector 10.8% 1.7% 2.3% 6.6%
Textile & Clothing Industry 42.5% 60.9% 24.0% 47.6%
Tourism, Travel, Hospitality & Trade 1.6% 4.0% 1.7% 2.4%
Transport, Logistics, Warehousing & Packaging 0.0% 0.0% 4.0% 0.6%
Cells marked in cream refer to sectors which have emerged as prominent across all four cities. On the other hand cells marked in blue refer to sectors which have been found to be prominent in specific cities.
Require support/training on business management
Do not require support/training on business management skills
Women’s Voices: EmploymEnt And EntrEprEnEurship in indiA
Sectors where women and girls aspire to work; disaggregated by city
Sectors of choiceD
Percentage of women reporting the need for training on business management
Low baselineE
Conclusions
• Developastructuredplatformforinformationdissemination.
• Reshapedesignanddeliveryoftrainingskeepinginviewtheaspirations,constraintsandbarriersfacedbywomen.
• Providewell-structuredentrepreneurialtrainingprogrammes.
• Adoptsuitablemechanismstoprovideeasyaccesstofinanceforwomenandgirls.
• Roll-outcommunicationfordevelopmentcampaignthatseekstomobilizecommunitiestowardssupportingtheworkforceaspirationsofwomenandgirls.
Co
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Viv
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0.0625 in
43.3%56.8%
Forthecompletereport,pleasevisit:www.in.undp.org
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