Making Mobile Services Work for Your Library by Cody Hanson

MAKING MOBILE SERVICESWORK FOR YOUR LIBRARY

Cody HansonUniversity of MN LibrariesALA TechsourceMarch 9, 2011

Web Architect and User Experience Analyst at the University of Minnesota

Libraries

@codyhcodyhanson.com

AGENDA

• Why mobile, why now? (I hope you like charts)

• What do we mean by mobile?

• The mobile marketplace

• Simple strategies

• How mobile will change libraries

WHY MOBILE?WHY NOW?

“Mobile devices are one year away from transforming education.For the third straight year.”

ALMOST EVERY U.S. ADULT HAS A MOBILE PHONE

ALMOST EVERY U.S. ADULT(WHO IS GOING TO HAVE A MOBILE PHONE)

HAS A MOBILE PHONE

82%

18%

U.S. adults who have a cell phone

Data source: Pew Internet & American Life Project, “Cell Phones and American Adults”.

0%

25%

50%

75%

100%

Less than High School HS Diploma Some College College+

90%86%76%72%

Perc

ent

who

hav

e a

cell

phon

e

U.S. adults by education level

Data source: Pew Internet & American Life Project, “Cell Phones and American Adults”.

Data source: Pew Internet & American Life Project, “Cell Phones and American Adults”.

0%

25%

50%

75%

100%

Less than $30,000 $30K-50K $50K-75K $75K and up

93%90%82%

71%

Perc

ent

who

hav

e a

cell

phon

e

U.S. adults by household income

Data source: Pew Internet & American Life Project, “Cell Phones and American Adults”.

0%

25%

50%

75%

100%

White, non-Hispanic Black, non-Hispanic Hispanic (English-speaking)

87%87%80%

Perc

ent

who

hav

e a

cell

phon

e

U.S. adults by race/ethnicity

Data source: Pew Internet & American Life Project, “Cell Phones and American Adults”.

0%

25%

50%

75%

100%

18-29 30-49 50-64 65+

57%

82%88%90%

Perc

ent

who

hav

e a

cell

phon

e

U.S. adults by age

MANY AMERICANS ALREADY HAVE SMARTPHONES

Source: FCC

0%

13%

25%

38%

50%

10/06 1/07 4/07 7/07 10/07 1/08 3/08 6/08 9/08 12/08 3/09 6/09 9/09 12/09

15% 16% 17%

20% 21% 22% 23%

27%

32% 32%34%

37%39%

42%

Percentage of U.S. Consumers Who Own a Smartphone

Source: asymco.com

Source: FCC

13%

87%

Data source: Cisco Global Mobile Data Traffic Forecast Update. Feb. 1, 2011

Smartphones represented 13% of handsets globally in

2010

SMARTPHONE SALES HAVE ALREADY SURPASSED

PC SALES

Q4 2010

Smartphone manufacturers shipped 100.9 million units.

PC manufacturers shipped92.1 million units.

Source: IDC Worldwide Quarterly Mobile Phone Tracker, January 27, 2011.

USAGE OF MOBILE DATA SERVICES IS EXPLODING

Data source: Cisco Global Mobile Data Traffic Forecast Update. Feb. 1, 2011

2009Mobile Data

Traffic

Data source: Cisco Global Mobile Data Traffic Forecast Update. Feb. 1, 2011

2009Mobile Data

Traffic

2010 Mobile Data Traffic

2009Mobile Data

Traffic

2010 Mobile Data Traffic

2000The Internet

Data source: Cisco Global Mobile Data Traffic Forecast Update. Feb. 1, 2011

13%

87%

Data source: Cisco Global Mobile Data Traffic Forecast Update. Feb. 1, 2011

Smartphones represented 13% of handsets globally in

2010

78%

22%

Data source: Cisco Global Mobile Data Traffic Forecast Update. Feb. 1, 2011

Smartphones accounted for 78%

of mobile data traffic in 2010

0

20

40

60

80

Feature phones Smartphones

Dat

a us

age

per

mon

th, in

MB

2009 2010

Data source: Cisco Global Mobile Data Traffic Forecast Update. Feb. 1, 2011

More than 2x increase in data use across phone types

USERS IN KEY DEMOGRAPHICS ALREADY

RELY HEAVILY ON THEMOBILE INTERNET

Data source: Pew Internet & American Life Project, “Mobile Access 2010”.

0%

25%

50%

75%

100%

18-29 30-49 50-64 65+

20%

49%

69%

84%

17%

44%

61%

73%

Perc

ent

who

use

wire

less

inte

rnet

U.S. adults by age group

April 2009 May 2010

Data source: Pew Internet & American Life Project, “Mobile Access 2010”.

0%

25%

50%

75%

100%

Less than $30,000 $30K-50K $50K-75K $75K and up

80%

67%

55%46%

72%63%

53%

35%

Perc

ent

who

use

wire

less

inte

rnet

U.S. adults by household income

April 2009 May 2010

Data source: Pew Internet & American Life Project, “Mobile Access 2010”.

0%

25%

50%

75%

100%

White, non-Hispanic Black, non-Hispanic Hispanic (English-speaking)

16%18%10%

10%10%22%37%36%

25%

Perc

ent

who

are

wire

less

inte

rnet

use

rs

U.S. adults by race/ethnicity

Laptop & cell Laptop only Cell only

Data source: Pew Internet & American Life Project, “Mobile Access 2010”.

0%

25%

50%

75%

100%

White, non-Hispanic Black, non-Hispanic Hispanic (English-speaking)

53%54%

35%

Perc

enta

ge w

ho a

re c

ell i

nter

net

user

s

U.S. adults by race/ethnicity

Data source: Pew Internet & American Life Project, “Mobile Access 2010”.

0%

25%

50%

75%

100%

18-29 30-49 50-64 65+

5%

9%

13%

19%

9%

23%

22%

19%

6%

17%

35%

45%

Perc

ent

who

are

wire

less

inte

rnet

use

rs

U.S. adults by race/ethnicity

Laptop & cell Laptop only Cell only

Data source: Pew Internet & American Life Project, “Mobile Access 2010”.

0%

25%

50%

75%

100%

18-29 30-49 50-64 65+

11%

26%

48%

64%

Perc

ent

who

are

cel

l int

erne

t us

ers

U.S. adults by race/ethnicity

“Within five years, we want to make it possible for businesses to put high-speed wireless services in reach of virtually every American.”

- President ObamaFeb. 10, 2011

WTF!

WHAT DO WE MEAN BY “MOBILE”?

Call me on my mobile.

Daughter :

Mother:

Daughter :

Mother:

What’s a camera?

A thing that takes pictures.

Oh, you mean a camera phone.

No, just a camera.All it does is take pictures.

Daughter :

Mother:

Daughter :

But how do you call people?

...On the phone.Phones used to do nothing but make phone calls.Cameras were separate.

But that was a long time ago.

Mother:

Daughter :

Yes. Those are old-school!

That school must've fallen down a few days ago, Mom. It's a VERY old school.

WHY TODAY’S DEVICESARE DIFFERENT

High-resolution screens

Powerful cameras

GPS and location services

Dramatic improvements in battery life

©2010 George Kokkinidis

Flexible form factor

©2010 George Kokkinidis

©2010 George Kokkinidis

©2010 George Kokkinidis

©2010 George Kokkinidis

Software

THE MOBILE MARKETPLACE

Source: asymco.com

MOBILE OPERATING SYSTEMS

• iOS

• Android

• BlackBerry OS

• WebOS

• Windows Phone 7

WebOS

• Developed by Palm

• Palm purchased by HP

• Proprietary OS

• Available only on Palm/HPhardware

• Sold to carriers

• App development using Web Standards

WebOS

http://z.umn.edu/chts4

WindowsPhone 7

WINDOWS PHONE 7• Developed by Microsoft

• Proprietary software, browser

• Limited to phones

• Licensed to hardware manufacturers

• Devices sold by hardware manufacturersto carriers

• Development limited to Windows

BLACKBERRY OS

BLACKBERRY OS• Developed by Research In Motion

• Proprietary software available onlyon RIM hardware

• Devices sold to carriers

• Entrenched in business

• Difficult transition to current-gen browserand touchscreen

• Development limited to Windows

I need help.

• Developed by Google

• Largely open-source

• Freely available or licensed to hardware manufacturers

• Development using SDK or App Inventor

• Applications distributed through Android Market or other sources

http://z.umn.edu/chts2

IOS• Proprietary software and hardware developed by Apple

• iOS hardware sold to carriers and direct to consumers

• Development limited to Mac OS

• Applications distributed exclusively through App Store

IOS• 160 Million iOS devices sold

• 350,000 applications available

• 10 billion apps downloaded

• App store available in 90 countries

http://z.umn.edu/chts1

STRATEGIES

Become a mobile-only library user

What tasks are difficult?What takes extra time?What takes extra steps?What pieces don’t render?Which of your vendors supply mobile interfaces?

What are you able to accomplish that otherwise would have required you be at your desk?

CONVENE A MOBILE FOCUS GROUP

• Find staff members or patrons with a variety of mobile devices of recent vintage

• OR, install smartphone emulators

• Run through a set of basic tasks

• Home page load

• Contact/hours info discovery

• Catalog search

ENSURE MOBILE-FRIENDLINESS

AVOID FLY-OUTS AND FLASH

NEVER USE A PDF WHEN HTML WILL DO.

@media screen and (max-width: 600px) {

CODY’S HAM-FISTED MOBILE STYLE

{ display: none;}

BUILD A MOBILE SITE

Embrace simplicity

KEEP FONTS 15PX OR LARGER

MAKE TOUCH TARGETS AT LEAST48X48PX

Mind your resolution

http://z.umn.edu/chts3

BUILD AN APP (OR DON’T)

APP DEVELOPMENT COSTS

1,100 hours Objective C development225 hours of designSome existing codeProject managementTestingEquipment

Twitterrific

+

$250,000 (est.)Data source: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/209170/how-much-does-it-cost-to-develop-an-iphone-application/3926493#3926493

APP DEVELOPMENT CHECKLIST

• Do we have something we can sell?

• Should we sell it?

• Does our experience require direct hardware access?

• Do we have platform-specific development expertise in-house?

• If not, are we willing to spend the resources necessary to develop that expertise or contract for it?

PUBLISHERS, PLATFORMS, AND LIBRARIES

New content

New business model

#hcod

QUESTIONS?• Ask me about:

• QR codes

• NFC

• Augmented reality

• Mobile video

• Amanda Hocking

• The mobile context

Cody Hansoncodyhanson@umn.educodyhanson.com@codyh

CREDITSOpen Source Multitouch Gesture Library and Illustrations by GestureWorks, used under CC BY-SA 3.0“Palm Pre open close,” “Omnia7 Windows Button”, and Xperia Play image by abulhussain, used under CC BY 2.0Kindle images by Jon 'ShakataGaNai' Davis, used under CC BY-SA 3.0“Nook” by Andrew Magill, used under CC BY 2.0BlackBerry Pearl image by Abu badali, used under CC BY 2.0Apple Store image by Nick Name, used under CC BY-SA 2.0Apple device family photos by Jon Mountjoy, used under CC BY 2.0Android Robot image by Google, used under CC BY 3.0Android system diagram by Kronox, used under CC BY-SA 3.0“Palm Pre” by James “whatleydude” Whatley, used under CC BY 2.0Android prototype image by Kai Hendry, used under CC BY 2.0N-Gage photo by Jpk, used under CC BY-SA 3.0“Pink PSP” by Eason Hsu, used under CC BY-SA 2.0“iPod Touch” by Niki Odolphie, used under CC BY 2.0Atrix photos by ETC@USC, used under CC BY-SA 2.0“Jon Rubenstein introduces new HP TouchPad” by Robert Scoble, used under CC BY 2.0iPad fingerprint images Copyright George Kokkindis, Design Language News

Additional photographs by Cody Hanson, used under CC BY-SA 3.0