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MEASUREMENT
Distance, Mass, Volume, and Density
English System vs. Metric System
• English: – No consistency between units– Inches, feet, miles, pounds, and quarts
• Metric:– Based on number 10– Just multiply or divide by 10– Called Systeme Internationale d’Unites
(International System or SI)– Used in all sciences for measurement
Prefixes• milli-
– Means “less than” the whole unit– One one-thousandth of the base unit– Ex: milligram is less than a gram
• centi-– Means “less than” the whole unit– One one-hundredth of the base unit– Ex: centimeter is less than a meter
• kilo-– Means “more than” the whole unit– One thousand times the base unit– Ex: kilometer is a thousand meters
Distance• How far it is between two different places
• Base unit is meter (m)
• Kilometer (km) is 1000 meters and is used for long distances
• Centimeter (cm) is .01 meters
• Millimeter (mm) is .001 meters• Ex: Distance from Schaumburg H.S. to Woodfield Mall-
5.14 miles or 8.27 kilometers
Distance Example:
• Question: If the distance of my desk is 120cm, how many mm is that?
• Answer: 1200mm
Mass• Amount of matter an object contains
• Base unit is gram (g)
• Kilogram (kg) is 1000 grams and is used for heavy objects
• Milligram (mg) is .001 grams, so 1 gram=1000 milligrams
• Ex: Mass of 1 male African elephant- 15,432 pounds or 7000 kilograms
Mass Example:
• Question: If a cow weighs 1000 kg, how many grams does it weigh?
• Answer: 1,000,000 g
Volume• Amount of space an object occupies• Solid
– Measured in cubic centimeters (cm3)– Multiply length x width x height
• Liquid– Measured in liters (L)
• 1 liter=1000 milliliters• One cubic centimeter is equal to one
milliliter (mL)• Ex: The human body needs approximately 10.6
cups or 2.5 liters of water daily
Volume Example 1:
• Question: If a bottle of pop is 2000 mL, how many liters is it?
• Answer: 2 L
Volume Example 2:
• Question: If an object has the dimensions of 20cm high, 20cm wide, and 20cm long, what is the objects volume in mL?
• Answer: 8000cm3 or 8000mL
Density• Dividing an object’s mass by its volume
• Unit of measurement is g/mL
• An item with higher density is more dense
• An item with lower density is less dense
• Water has a density of 1g/mL• Ex: Gold- has a density of 19.3g/mL
Density Example:
• Question: What is the density of an object that has a mass of 10 grams and a volume of 1000 mL?
• Answer: .01g/mL
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