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The Metric System
International System of Units (SI)
The Metric System
The metric system was developed in
France in the 1790’s to bring order out of
the conflicting systems being used in
Europe
Why use the
METRIC SYSTEM?
1) “world standard”
Just as English is the worldwide language of business, the metric system is the world's common language of measurement.
Why Use The Metric System:
Take this test,Add the following:
1 yd, 2 ft, 3-¼ in
Why Use The Metric System:
Take this test,Add the following:
1 yd, 2 ft, 3-¼ in
+ 1 foot, 11-3/16 in
Why Use The Metric System:
Take this test,Add the following:
1 yd, 2 ft, 3-¼ in
+ 1 foot, 11-3/16 in
+ 2 ft, 5-1/2 in
Why Use The Metric System:
Take this test,Add the following:
1 yd, 2 ft, 3-¼ in
+ 1 foot, 11-3/16 in
+ 2 ft, 5-1/2 in
+ 3 yds, 1 foot, 6-5/8 in
Why Use The Metric System:
Take this test,Now add these:
1.607 meters
Why Use The Metric System:
Take this test,Now add these:
1.607 meters
+ 0.589 meters
Why Use The Metric System:
Take this test,Now add these:
1.607 meters
+ 0.589 meters
+ 0.749 meters
Why Use The Metric System:
Take this test,Now add these:
1.607 meters
+ 0.589 meters
+ 0.749 meters
+ 3.216 meters
Why Use The Metric System:
Take this test,The sums are actually EQUAL to one another (same length)!
Why Use The Metric System:
Take this test,The answers:
6 yards, 2 feet, 2-9/16 in
6.161 meters
Why Use The Metric System:
Take this test,
Which one was easier?
Why Use The Metric System:
2) NO CONVERSIONS !
Why Use The Metric System:
2) NO CONVERSIONS !
SI has only ONE unit for each quantity. This means that it is never necessary to convert from one unit to another & there are no conversion factors to memorize!
Ex. Yards to inches
Why Use The Metric System:
3) NO FRACTIONS!
Why Use The Metric System:
3) NO FRACTIONS!SI uses decimals exclusively, eliminating clumsy fractions and mixed numbers
Why Use The Metric System:
Since SI uses decimals, it
is based on powers of
10
TYPES OF METRIC MEASUREMENTS
Dimensional Measurement:
Length, width, & height~
TYPES OF METRIC MEASUREMENTS
Dimensional Measurement:
Length, width, & height~
The distance from one point to another
Dimensional Measurement:
Length, width, & height~
Basic metric unit: Meter
Dimensional Measurement:
Length, width, & height~
Basic metric unit: Meter
Instrument: metric ruler/meter stick
METRIC MEASUREMENTS
Mass:
The amount of matter (stuff) in an object
Mass:
Basic metric unit: Gram
Mass:
Basic metric unit: Gram
Instrument: triple beam balance
METRIC MEASUREMENTS
Volume:
The amount of space an object occupies
Volume:
Basic metric unit: Liter
Volume:
Basic metric unit: Liter
Instrument: graduated cylinder
Basic Units & Symbols
Meter m ex. 13 m
Basic Units & Symbols
Meter m ex. 13 m
Gram g ex. 156 g
Basic Units & Symbols
Meter m ex. 13 m
Gram g ex. 156 g
Liter l or L ex. 2 L
How are “variations” of the base units determined?
These are called “derived units.”
Derived units are arrived by multiplying or dividing the base units by various
powers of ten.
This is simplified to simply adding a prefix to the base unit, thus changing its value.
Common Prefixes
~increase the value of the Base Unit
Mega = 1,000,000 base units
Common Prefixes
~increase the value of the Base Unit
Mega = 1,000,000 base units
Kilo = 1,000 base units
Common Prefixes
~increase the value of the Base Unit
Mega = 1,000,000 base units
Kilo = 1,000 base units
Hecto = 100 base units
Common Prefixes
~increase the value of the Base Unit
Mega = 1,000,000 base units
Kilo = 1,000 base units
Hecto = 100 base units
Deca = 10 base units
Common Prefixes
~increase the value of the Base Unit
Common Prefixes
~decreases the value of the Base Unit
deci = .1 or 1/10 base unit
Common Prefixes
~decreases the value of the Base Unit
deci = .1 or 1/10 base unit
centi = .01 or 1/100 base unit
Common Prefixes
~decreases the value of the Base Unit
deci = .1 or 1/10 base unit
centi = .01 or 1/100 base unit
milli = .001 or 1/1000 base unit
Common Prefixes
~decreases the value of the Base Unit
deci = .1 or 1/10 base unit
centi = .01 or 1/100 base unit
milli = .001 or 1/1000 base unit
micro = .000001 or 1/1,000,000 base
unit
Common Prefixes
~decreases the value of the Base Unit
Common Prefixes & their Symbols
mega M deci d
kilo k centi c
hecto h milli m
deca da micro μ
Base Unit
Metric Ladder
Base Unit is the
Starting point for ALL SI measures
M - mega
Base Unit
Metric Ladder
M
k - kilo
Base Unit
Metric Ladder
M
k
h - hecto
Base Unit
Metric Ladder
M
k
h
da - deca
Base Unit
Metric Ladder
M
k
h
da - deca
Base Unit
Metric Ladder
These INCREASE the size/amt of the Base Unit
M
k
h
da
Base Unit
d - deci
Metric Ladder
M
k
h
da
Base Unit
d
c - centi
Metric Ladder
M
k
h
da
Base Unit
d
c
m - milli
Metric Ladder
M
k
h
da
Base Unit
d
c
m
μ –
micro
Metric Ladder
M
k
h
da
Base Unit
d
c
m
μ
Metric Ladder
These DECREASE the size/amt of the Base Unit
M
k
h
da
Base Unit
d
c
m
μ
Metric Ladder
To convert to a larger unit, move decimal point to the left one place for each step
M
k
h
da
Base Unit
d
c
m
μ
Metric Ladder
Convert:
123.45 cm = _____ dam
M
k
h
da
Base Unit
d
c
m
μ
Metric Ladder
Convert:
123.45 cm = _____ dam
STEP 1:
FIND WHERE TO BEGIN
M
k
h
da
Base Unit
d
c
m
μ
Metric Ladder
Convert:
123.45 cm = _____ dam
STEP 1:
FIND WHERE TO BEGIN
123.45 cm
M
k
h
da
Base Unit
d
c
m
μ
Metric Ladder
Convert:
123.45 cm = _____ dam
STEP 2:
FIND WHERE TO END
= _____ dam
M
k
h
da
BU
d
c
m
μ
Metric Ladder
Convert:
123.45 cm = _____ dam
STEP 3:
Count # of steps from start to end
M
k
h
da
BU
d
c
m
μ
Metric Ladder
Convert:
123.45 cm = _____ dam
STEP 3:
Count # of steps from start to end
1
M
k
h
da
BU
d
c
m
μ
Metric Ladder
Convert:
123.45 cm = _____ dam
STEP 3:
Count # of steps from start to end
1
2
M
k
h
da
BU
d
c
m
μ
Metric Ladder
Convert:
123.45 cm = _____ dam
STEP 3:
Count # of steps from start to end
1
23
Metric Ladder
STEP 4:
Now, move the decimal ONE place FOR EACH STEP on the ladder you took to get from the starting unit to the ending unit.
Metric Ladder
Step 4 continued…
Move in the same direction you moved on the ladder.
M
k
h
da
BU
d
c
m
μ
Metric Ladder
Convert:
123.45 cm = _____ dam
To move from c to da you must move to the
decimal LEFT…3 places!
1
23
Metric Ladder
1 2 3 . 4 5 cm
Metric Ladder
1 2 3 . 4 5 cm1
Metric Ladder
1 2 3 . 4 5 cm12
Metric Ladder
1 2 3 . 4 5 cm123
Metric Ladder
1 2 3 . 4 5 cm123
.1 2 3 4 5 dam
Metric Ladder
What if there is NO decimal
in my number???
Example: 375
Metric Ladder
Example: 375
Solution:
The decimal is put at the END of the
number…
375.0
M
k
h
da
Base Unit
d
c
m
μ
Metric Ladder
To convert to a smaller unit, move decimal point to the right one place for each step.
M
k
h
da
Base Unit
d
c
m
μ
Metric Ladder
Convert:
14 Mg = ______ hg
M
k
h
da
Base Unit
d
c
m
μ
Metric Ladder
Now, follow the steps just like before!
STEP 1:
FIND WHERE TO BEGIN
Convert:
14 Mg = ______ hg
M
k
h
da
Base Unit
d
c
m
μ
Metric Ladder
STEP 1:
FIND WHERE TO BEGIN
14 Mg
Convert:
14 Mg = ______ hg
M
k
h
da
Base Unit
d
c
m
μ
Metric Ladder
STEP 2:
FIND WHERE TO END
= ______ hg
Convert:
14 Mg = ______ hg
M
k
h
da
Base Unit
d
c
m
μ
Metric Ladder
Convert:
14 Mg = ______ hg
STEP 3:
Count # of steps from start to end
M
k
h
da
Base Unit
d
c
m
μ
Metric Ladder
Convert:
14 Mg = ______ hg
STEP 3:
Count # of steps from start to end
M
k
h
da
Base Unit
d
c
m
μ
Metric Ladder
Convert:
14 Mg = ______ hg
STEP 3:
Count # of steps from start to end
1
M
k
h
da
Base Unit
d
c
m
μ
Metric Ladder
Convert:
14 Mg = ______ hg
STEP 3:
Count # of steps from start to end
12
Metric Ladder
STEP 4:
Now, move the decimal ONE place FOR EACH STEP on the ladder you took to get from the starting unit to the ending unit.
Metric Ladder
Step 4 continued…
Move in the same direction you moved on the ladder.
M
k
h
da
Base Unit
d
c
m
μ
Metric Ladder
Convert:
14 Mg = ______ hg
12
To move from M to h you must move to the
decimal RIGHT…2 places!
Metric Ladder
1 4. 0 0 0 Mg
Metric Ladder
1 4. 0 0 0 Mg1
Metric Ladder
1 4. 0 0 0 Mg1 2
Metric Ladder
1 4. 0 0 0 Mg1 2
1 4 0 0.0 hg
Now let’s try some conversions!
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