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Minoan Religion. Minoan Crete Map. Cave of Eileithyia. MM cult centers Baetyl Animal Bones Animal Figurines Bronze artifacts. Peak Shrines. Link to MM protopalatial elites through artifacts Linear A, Kamares Ware Ash layer, no bones Many figurines. Tripartite Shrine. Domestic Shrines. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Minoan Religion
Minoan Crete Map
Cave of Eileithyia• MM cult
centers• Baetyl• Animal
Bones• Animal
Figurines
• Bronze artifacts
Peak Shrines• Link to MM
protopalatial elites through artifacts
• Linear A, Kamares Ware
• Ash layer, no bones• Many figurines
Tripartite Shrine
Domestic Shrines• Town,
Palace, House
• Bench Sanctuary
• Lustral Baisin
• Pillar Crypt
Snake Goddess/Priestess
Goddess of the MountainGoddess of the Beasts
Goddesses
Minoan Pantheon
The Male Consort
Male Divinity?• Male figures rarer• Usually smaller
stature• Lesser Male
Divinity?• Rural Matriarchy?• Urban Patriarchy?
Ayia Triadha Sarcophagus:LMIIIA (14thC)
Painted Plaster over Stone
Celestial vs Chthonic Gods• “Chthon”
= earth
Sacrifice
Human Sacrifice• Anemospilia• Near Archanes &
Heraklion• Bound male on altar• 2 others killed in
room by earthquake• 1 killed in anteroom
with krater (of blood?)
Child Sacrifice & Cannibalism? • Children’s
bones with butchering marks in North House, Knossos
• Caravaggio
Child Sacrifice in Myth?
?
Theseus & the Minotaur• Athenians send
human tribute to bull crazy Minoans
• Palace at Knossos like Labyrinth to simpler Mycenaean Greeks
The Labyrinthine Palace• Note
dismembered bodies
Hero Story• Miraculous Conception/Birth Aegeus/Poseidon• Hiding of/Threat to Child Troezen, with Aethra
Medea?• Society’s Desire for Change No more sacrifice!• Withdrawal & Initiation Ummmm• Resistance of Hero RoleUmmm• Search for Lost Father Trip to Athens• QuestKilling Minotaur• Magical Tools/Weapons Club, thread, sword• Impossible Adversaries Numerous• Journey to Underworld Rape of Persephone• Return (in Disguise) to Save Beloved Ummmm
Early Exploits• Father’s Tokens• Heroic Journey• Periphetes’ Club• Crommyonian
Sow• Sinis & tree• Sciron’s turtle• Procrustes’ bed• Daughters?• Herculean hero
Aegeus, Medea, & Theseus• Medea the
Colchian witch
• Murderer of brother & children by Jason
• Marathonian Bull
Marathonian/Cretan Bull• Brought to
Greece as one of 12 labors of Herakles…
• Bull of Poseidon• Pasiphae & Bull• Minotaur’s
father!• Good
Credentials for facing Minotaur
Revenge of Minos
• Androgeos at Panathenaic games
• Victorious Cretan murdered by envious Athenian athletes or by Aegeus
• Athenian compensation:• 7 boys & 7 girls every 9
years
Cretan “Games”
Theseus’ trip to Crete
• Theseus as 1 of 7 boys
• White Sails for Success
• Black/Red Sails for Failure (death of Theseus)
Theseus’ edge: Inside Woman
Victory!• Theseus slays
Minotaur• Theseus &
Ariadne sail off into the sunset…
Homeymoon on Naxos
Dionysus to the Rescue
• Dionysus finds Ariadne
• They drink happily ever after…
Theseus sails home to celebrate victory…&
freedom• Aegeus watches
for beloved son• Ooops - black
sails• Aegeus leaps to
death• Oh well, Theseus
becomes king of Athens
Theseus & Herakles: Fratboy Heroes
• Herakles’ 12 labors
• Girdle of Hippolyte
• Theseus & Pirithouscarry off Antiope/Hippolyte
Amazon Invasion of Attica
• Amazons defeated, Antiope slain fighting beside Theseus• Amazonomachy artform comparable to contemporary
Miller Lite commercial “tastes great; less filling”
Theseus, Phaedra & Hippolytus
• Child of Antiope• Stepmother
Phaedra• False accusation
of rape• Bull from
Poseidon causes death of Hipploytus in chariot crash
• Phaedra hangs herself
More bad behavior• Theseus abducts
12 year old Helen
• Theseus & Pirithous go to underworld to abduct Persephone
• Trapped in Chair of Oblivion
• Rescued by Herakles
Death of Theseus
• Helen rescued by her brothers, the Dioscuri: Castor and Polydeuces (Pollux)
• Theseus in exile• Murdered/fell of
a cliff
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