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National FFA Convention Livestock Coaches Clinic
Swine Segment
Tammy Miller Joliet Junior College
October 25, 2012
Swine Segment Overview
Recent trends in the swine industry Trend application to livestock judging Use of swine terminology in reasons Use of swine performance data in
placings and in reasons
1986 Illinois State Fair Open Show Champion Barrow
Recent Trends in the Swine Industry
Early/mid 1990’s – 2004 emphasis on: – Larger framed – Leaner designed – Higher percent lean
$3,500 - 2002 National Barrow Show
Champion Spot Boar
2002 Fall Classic Reserve Champion Spot Boar
Freakish??
Prodigy Former $100,000 Sire
Lean Value Sires New Carlisle, Ohio
Trends in the Swine Industry Consequences of the push for lean:
– sacrificed production traits especially growth and meat quality
– structural correctness problems developed
2004 Fall Classic Reserve Champion Spot Boar
Trends in the Swine Industry Late 2004 selection focus switched to:
– Wider designed – Stouter boned – Bigger ribbed – Overall more productive animals
2004 Fall Classic Champion Spot Boar
Trends in the Swine Industry
$11,000 Champion Boar 2007 World Pork Expo
2007 National Barrow Show Hog College Spot Boar
2007 Champions Body, Body, Body!
Trends in the Swine Industry How far is too far??
2007 National Barrow Show Hog College Duroc and Hampshire Boars and
Yorkshire Gilt
Trends in the Swine Industry
Consequences of the push for “body”: – Too high of condition level – fat is not body – Sacrificing percent lean – Compromising some breeding traits
When is the end of this trend and what is next??
2009 - Trend Leveling Out
Putting the “look”
back in??
“Born Ready” 2009 World Pork Expo
$87,000 Champion Crossbred Boar On stud at Real McCoy Genetics
2010 – Still Body & Bone
2010 Indiana State Fair $60,000 Reserve Champion Senior Crossbred Boar
Shown by Ottenwalter Showpigs
2011 – Mass & “Flesh”
CDO0 Mighty One 76-2 Owned by Olsen Yorkshires
2012 – Still Body, Body, Body
2012 Indiana State Fair Crossbred Classic $75,000 Champion Boar
Trend Application to Livestock Judging
Currently still a higher priority on width, mass, body and soundness
However - do not single trait select!! Complete animals still win Focus on incorporating trends more
into reasons sets than in the actual placing
Sound Like a “Hog Kid” - Incorporating Trend Terms
in Reasons Wider/narrower
chested More/less curvature
of rib More/less center
body Stouter/frailer
boned
More/less productive appearing
Sounder moving/more restricted in movement
Bigger/smaller footed
Sound Like a “Hog Kid” Regardless of the Trend
Market Animals – At least one appropriate carcass term -
percent lean, value based marketing system, backfat, loin eye area
– Not quarter, rib eye, quality grade, etc. Breeding Females
– Structure, underline, femininity – Not ham, muscularity, percent lean, etc.
Be specific!!
Swine Performance Data Actual data vs EPDs Understanding indices
– MLI – NBA, 21 day wt, days, backfat – TSI – backfat, days, pounds of lean,
feed/pound of gain – http://www.nationalswine.com/Genetic_Tech_pages/STAGE
S.html – http://www.thejudgingconnection.com/pdfs/Swine_EPD_Ter
minology.pdf
Importance of the Scenario
2011 National FFA Livestock CDE Performance Yorkshire Gilts
Animal Number
BF Days Pounds of Lean
NBA LWT TSI SPI
1 -0.02 -1.6 1.3 0.18 2.6 110 108 2 0.04 -0.8 0.5 0.13 0.8 103 102 3 -0.02 -2.4 1.4 0.23 2.3 115 107 4 -0.03 -2.8 1.5 0.18 2.6 117 108
Breed Average
-0.01 -0.36 0.22 0.03 -0.10 94.12 100.74
Scenario: Rank the gilts as they would be used in a purebred York total confinement operation. The breeder focuses on fast growing, sound gilts to make competitive hogs in the show ring and good mothers in the crate. This operation markets breeding stock to other purebred breeders and commercial producers. The offspring that are not structurally sound enough, or of breeding stock quality, are fed to 285 pounds and marketed on a lean grid.
Swine Performance Data Importance of the Scenario 2006 National FFA Keep/Cull York Gilts Purebred Yorkshire operation that markets
showpigs and breeding stock. Remaining hogs are fed to 280 pounds and marketed on a lean grid. Raised on confinement and slats.
Priority on phenotype – especially soundness Utilize MLI and Days EPD’s on paper
Keep/Cull York X Gilts Gilts to be bred to Landrace boars for the
production of replacement females. The gilt progeny sold to confinement facility and bred to terminal boars for the production of market hogs.
Priority on paper – Maternal Line Index Phenotype – use to decide close pair and
confirm soundness
Swine Performance Data
Incorporating Data into Reasons
Talk data where you used data Talk only the data categories
relevant to the scenario Talk actual vs EPDs appropriately Sound like a “hog kid”
– Littermates – Dam SPI
National FFA Convention Livestock Coaches Clinic
Swine Segment
Tammy Miller Joliet Junior College
October 25, 2012
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